Observation of Magnetic Order in a YBa2Cu3O6.6{\rm YBa_2Cu_3O_{6.6}} Superconductor

Polarized beam neutron scattering measurements on a highly perfect crystal of ${\rm YBa_2Cu_3O_{6.6}}$ show a distinct magnetic transition with an onset at about 235K, the temperature expected for the pseudogap transition. The moment is found to be about 0.1 $\mu_B$ for each sublattice and have a correlation length of at least 75 \AA. We found the critical exponent for the magnetic neutron intensity to be 2$\beta$ =0.37$\pm$ 0.12. This is the proper range for the class of transition that has no specific heat divergence possibly explaining why none is found at the pseudogap transition.Comment: 3 figure

A New Solution of the Yang-Baxter Equation Related to the Adjoint Representation of UqB2U_{q}B_{2}

A new solution of the Yang-Baxter equation, that is related to the adjoint representation of the quantum enveloping algebra $U_{q}B_{2}$, is obtained by fusion formulas from a non-standard solution.Comment: 16 pages (Latex), Preprint BIHEP-TH-93-3

Line of continuous phase transitions in a three dimensional U(1) model with 1/r^2 current-current interactions

We study a lattice model of interacting loops in three dimensions with a $1/r^2$ interaction. Using Monte Carlo, we find that the phase diagram contains a line of second-order phase transitions between a phase where the loops are gapped and a phase where they proliferate. The correlation length exponent and critical conductivity vary continuously along this line. Our model is exactly self-dual at a special point on the critical line, which allows us to calculate the critical conductivity exactly at this point.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Impact of pharmacologic inhibition of tooth movement on periodontal and tooth root tissues during orthodontic force application

ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to investigate potential negative sequelae of orthodontic force application ±delivery of an osteoclast inhibitor, recombinant osteoprotegerin protein (OPG‐Fc), on periodontal tissues.Setting and Sample PopulationSprague Dawley rats from a commercial supplier were investigated in a laboratory setting.Materials and MethodsRats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7 each): one group with no orthodontic appliances and injected once prior to the experimental period with empty polymer microspheres, one group with orthodontic appliances and injected once with empty microspheres, one group with orthodontic appliances and injected once with polymer microspheres containing 1 mg/kg of OPG‐Fc, and one group with orthodontic appliances and injected with non‐encapsulated 5 mg/kg of OPG‐Fc every 3 days during the experimental period. The animals were euthanized after 28 days of tooth movement for histomorphometric analyses.ResultsRoot resorption, PDL area and widths were similar in animals without appliances and animals with appliances plus high‐dose OPG‐Fc. PDL blood vessels were compressed and decreased in number in all animals that received orthodontic appliances, regardless of OPG‐Fc. Hyalinization was significantly increased only in animals with orthodontic appliances plus multiple injections of 5 mg/kg non‐encapsulated OPG‐Fc when compared to animals without appliances.ConclusionsResults of this study indicate that while pharmacological modulation of tooth movement through osteoclast inhibition is feasible when delivered in a locally controlled low‐dose manner, high‐dose levels that completely prevent tooth movement through bone may decrease local blood flow and increase the incidence of hyalinization.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153668/1/ocr12350_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153668/2/ocr12350-sup-0001-FigS1-S2.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153668/3/ocr12350.pd

Bethe Equations for a g_2 Model

We prove, using the coordinate Bethe ansatz, the exact solvability of a model of three particles whose point-like interactions are determined by the root system of g_2. The statistics of the wavefunction are left unspecified. Using the properties of the Weyl group, we are also able to find Bethe equations. It is notable that the method relies on a certain generalized version of the well-known Yang-Baxter equation. A particular class of non-trivial solutions to this equation emerges naturally.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

Assessment of Dermatoglyphic Patterns and Sex Distribution in Esan Ethnic Group of Edo State, Nigeria

This study was carried out to find out the possibility of a unique pattern of palm and finger prints (Dermatoglyphics) among 192 adults (96 males and 96 females) of Esan origin who, at the time of this study, were residing in Esan-land - the central senatorial district of Edo state, Nigeria. The subjects were selected via multi-stage sampling technique and fingerprint determination was performed using the Indian ink methods. Palm and fingerprints were observed for the angles connecting the triradii at the roots of the fingers (a-index finger, b-middle finger, c-ring finger d-small finger and t-the most proximal triradii in the palm) taken as atd, tad and tda angles. The data collected were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) using the student t-test, chi square test and ANOVA as statistical tools. Results showed that the loop pattern had the highest frequency (61.7%) followed by whorl (24.9%), arch (12.8%) and double whorl (0.6%). The mean atd angles were 43.49 for males and 44.02 for females; tad angles were 75.11 for males and 74.71 % for females; and tda were 61.22% for males and 61.35% females. These reveals that the pattern of finger prints distribution were similar for both sexes except that the males had more arches on the right hand (53%) than the females with more arches on the left hand (57.1%).Keywords: Esan people, Dematoglyphic Patterns, Finger Prints, Pal

Improved Phenomenological Renormalization Schemes

An analysis is made of various methods of phenomenological renormalization based on finite-size scaling equations for inverse correlation lengths, the singular part of the free energy density, and their derivatives. The analysis is made using two-dimensional Ising and Potts lattices and the three-dimensional Ising model. Variants of equations for the phenomenological renormalization group are obtained which ensure more rapid convergence than the conventionally used Nightingale phenomenological renormalization scheme. An estimate is obtained for the critical finite-size scaling amplitude of the internal energy in the three-dimensional Ising model. It is shown that the two-dimensional Ising and Potts models contain no finite-size corrections to the internal energy so that the positions of the critical points for these models can be determined exactly from solutions for strips of finite width. It is also found that for the two-dimensional Ising model the scaling finite-size equation for the derivative of the inverse correlation length with respect to temperature gives the exact value of the thermal critical exponent.Comment: 14 pages with 1 figure in late

Algebraic Approach to Interacting Quantum Systems

We present an algebraic framework for interacting extended quantum systems to study complex phenomena characterized by the coexistence and competition of different states of matter. We start by showing how to connect different (spin-particle-gauge) {\it languages} by means of exact mappings (isomorphisms) that we name {\it dictionaries} and prove a fundamental theorem establishing when two arbitrary languages can be connected. These mappings serve to unravel symmetries which are hidden in one representation but become manifest in another. In addition, we establish a formal link between seemingly unrelated physical phenomena by changing the language of our model description. This link leads to the idea of {\it universality} or equivalence. Moreover, we introduce the novel concept of {\it emergent symmetry} as another symmetry guiding principle. By introducing the notion of {\it hierarchical languages}, we determine the quantum phase diagram of lattice models (previously unsolved) and unveil hidden order parameters to explore new states of matter. Hierarchical languages also constitute an essential tool to provide a unified description of phases which compete and coexist. Overall, our framework provides a simple and systematic methodology to predict and discover new kinds of orders. Another aspect exploited by the present formalism is the relation between condensed matter and lattice gauge theories through quantum link models. We conclude discussing applications of these dictionaries to the area of quantum information and computation with emphasis in building new models of computation and quantum programming languages.Comment: 44 pages, 14 psfigures. Advances in Physics 53, 1 (2004

Critical exponents predicted by grouping of Feynman diagrams in phi^4 model

Different perturbation theory treatments of the Ginzburg-Landau phase transition model are discussed. This includes a criticism of the perturbative renormalization group (RG) approach and a proposal of a novel method providing critical exponents consistent with the known exact solutions in two dimensions. The usual perturbation theory is reorganized by appropriate grouping of Feynman diagrams of phi^4 model with O(n) symmetry. As a result, equations for calculation of the two-point correlation function are obtained which allow to predict possible exact values of critical exponents in two and three dimensions by proving relevant scaling properties of the asymptotic solution at (and near) the criticality. The new values of critical exponents are discussed and compared to the results of numerical simulations and experiments.Comment: 34 pages, 6 figure