2 research outputs found
Pain and dyspnea control during awake fiberoptic bronchoscopy in critically ill patients: safety and efficacy of remifentanil target-controlled infusion
International audienceAbstract Purpose Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is frequently used in intensive care unit, but is a source of discomfort, dyspnea and anxiety for patients. Our objective was to assess the feasibility and tolerance of a sedation using remifentanil target-controlled infusion, to perform fiberoptic bronchoscopy in awake ICU patients. Materials, patients and methods This monocentric, prospective observational study was conducted in awake patients requiring fiberoptic bronchoscopy. In accordance with usual practices in our center, remifentanil target-controlled infusion was used under close monitoring and adapted to the patientâs reactions. The primary objective was the rate of successful procedures without additional analgesia or anesthesia. The secondary objectives were clinical tolerance and the comfort of patients (graded from âvery uncomfortableâ to âvery comfortableâ) and operators (numeric scale from 0 to 10) during the procedure. Results From May 2014 to December 2015, 72 patients were included. Most of them (69%) were hypoxemic and admitted for acute respiratory failure. No additional medication was needed in 96% of the patients. No severe side-effects occurred. Seventy-eight percent of patients described the procedure as âcomfortable or very comfortableâ. Physicians rated their comfort with a median [IQR] score of 9 [8â10]. Conclusion Remifentanil target-controlled infusion administered to perform awake fiberoptic bronchoscopy in critically ill patients is feasible without requirement of additional analgesics or sedative drugs. Clinical tolerance as well as patientsâ and operatorsâ comfort were good to excellent. This technique could benefit patientsâ experience
Les effets du changement climatique sur lâagriculture et la forĂȘt en Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte dâAzur
Cahier thĂ©matiqueNational audienceCe deuxiĂšme cahier diffuse des connaissances scientifiques (non exhaustives) sur les effets du changement climatique sur lâagriculture et la forĂȘt en Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte dâAzur. Les cultures (vergers, cĂ©rĂ©ales, riz, maraĂźchageâŠ) et les forĂȘts (feuillus, conifĂšres) bĂ©nĂ©ficient des bienfaits du climat mĂ©diterranĂ©en qui offre des conditions favorables au dĂ©veloppement des plantes sous certaines conditions, mais souffrent aussi des Ă©vĂ©nements extrĂȘmes qui le ponctuent Ă intervalles irrĂ©guliers. Le climat mĂ©diterranĂ©en qui sĂ©vit en rĂ©gion PACA pourrait se rĂ©sumer par Toulourenc (« tout ou rien » en provençal), du nom du cours dâeau Ă caractĂšre torrentiel qui coule dans la vallĂ©e Ă©troite situĂ©e au pied du versant nord du mont Ventoux. Avec le changement climatique actuel, les aspects nĂ©gatifs de notre climat sont appelĂ©s Ă se renforcer et font dĂ©jĂ peser sur les terroirs agricoles et les forĂȘts emblĂ©matiques de la rĂ©gion de nouvelles contraintes auxquelles il est nĂ©cessaire de faire face pour Ă©viter des consĂ©quences trop nĂ©fastes. Mais la pĂ©rennitĂ© et le dĂ©veloppement des systĂšmes agricoles et forestiers ne dĂ©pendent pas seulement de lâĂ©volution du climat. Lâurbanisation, lâoccupation des sols, les pollutions locales (sol, air, eau), les incendies, mais aussi les pratiques culturales et la gestion forestiĂšre, jouent un rĂŽle fondamental. Il convient donc de privilĂ©gier une approche transversale. Cette publication souligne les consĂ©quences du changement climatique sur lâagriculture et la forĂȘt en prenant soin dâidentifier les enjeux environnementaux, Ă©conomiques et sociaux, les risques Ă lâĂ©chelle rĂ©gionale et locale, mais aussi les solutions susceptibles de rĂ©duire les impacts (attĂ©nuation, adaptation) et les Ă©ventuelles opportunitĂ©s Ă saisir. Comme dans le prĂ©cĂ©dent cahier, la contribution des chercheurs et experts, exerçant leur mĂ©tier en rĂ©gion PACA et dans les territoires limitrophes4, sous forme dâarticles et de zooms, apporte des Ă©lĂ©ments de comprĂ©hension afin de mieux cerner les problĂ©matiques liĂ©es au changement climatique