Interaction Products in the System Sulfur Dioxide–2,2′-Bipyridine–Water. Van der Waals Clathrates

Crystallization of 2,2′-bipyridine from aqueous solution containing sulfur(IV) oxide afforded clathrates with the composition (bipy)k·(SO2)m·(H2O)n. X-Ray amorphous guest SO2 molecules occupy voids in the crystal lattice of 2,2′-bipyridine without distortion of its structure. The isolated compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, X-ray diffraction data, and IR, NMR, and mass spectra

Onium Sulfates and Hydrogen Sulfates: Products of Reactions of Sulfur(IV) Oxide with Aqueous Solutions of Alkylamines and Aniline

The reaction products formed in the SO2–L–H2O–O2 systems (L is n-propylamine, n-butylamine, tert-butylamine, n-heptylamine, n-octylamine, aniline) were isolated and identified as “onium” salts [n-C3H7NH3]2SO4, [n-C4H9NH3]2SO4, [t-C4H9NH3]2SO4, [n-C7H15NH3]3SO4(HSO4), [n-C8H17NH3]3SO4(HSO4), and [C6H5NH3]2SO4. The products were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and Raman spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and thermogravimetry

KMg0.09Fe1.91(PO4)2

KMg0.09Fe1.91(PO4)2, potassium [iron(II)/magnesium] iron(III) bis(orthophosphate), is a solid solution derived from compounds with general formula KM IIFe(PO4)2 (M II = Fe, Cu), in which the Mg atoms substitute Fe atoms only in the octa­hedrally surrounded sites. The framework of the structure is built up from [FeO5] trigonal bipyramids and [MO6] (M = (Fe, Mg) octa­hedra sharing corners and edges and connected by two types of bridging PO4 tetra­hedra. The K+ cations are nine-coordinated and are situated in channels running along [101]

Synthesis and Structure of N(Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediammonium Sulfite Monohydrate

A reaction between sulfur(IV) oxide and aqueous N(2hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine yields onium sulfite of composition (HOCH2CH2NH2CH2CH2NH3)SO3 ⋅ H2O, which has been characterized by Xray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The threedimensional structure of the salt is stabilized by numerous hydrogen bonds, such as NH⋅⋅⋅O and OH⋅⋅⋅O

1-(8-Bromo-2-methyl-4-thioxo-3,4,5,6-tetra­hydro-2H-2,6-methano-1,3-benzoxazocin-11-yl)ethanone

In the title compound, C14H14BrNO2S, there are two similar non-equivalent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit, displaying three chiral centres each. In the crystal structure, they are linked by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to form infinite chains, which are in turn connected by weak Br⋯H and S⋯H inter­actions

Sphingosine 1-phosphate modulates antigen capture by murine langerhans cells via the S1P2 receptor subtype

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in the development of cutaneous contact hypersensitivity (CHS) and atopic dermatitis as they capture and process antigen and present it to T lymphocytes in the lymphoid organs. Recently, it has been indicated that a topical application of the sphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) prevents the inflammatory response in CHS, but the molecular mechanism is not fully elucidated. Here we indicate that treatment of mice with S1P is connected with an impaired antigen uptake by Langerhans cells (LCs), the initial step of CHS. Most of the known actions of S1P are mediated by a family of five specific G protein-coupled receptors. Our results indicate that S1P inhibits macropinocytosis of the murine LC line XS52 via S1P2 receptor stimulation followed by a reduced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activity. As down-regulation of S1P2 not only diminished S1P-mediated action but also enhanced the basal activity of LCs on antigen capture, an autocrine action of S1P has been assumed. Actually, S1P is continuously produced by LCs and secreted via the ATP binding cassette transporter ABCC1 to the extracellular environment. Consequently, inhibition of ABCC1, which decreased extracellular S1P levels, markedly increased the antigen uptake by LCs. Moreover, stimulation of sphingosine kinase activity, the crucial enzyme for S1P formation, is connected not only with enhanced S1P levels but also with diminished antigen capture. These results indicate that S1P is essential in LC homeostasis and influences skin immunity. This is of importance as previous reports suggested an alteration of S1P levels in atopic skin lesions

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОЯВІВ БОЙОВИХ СТРЕСОВИХ РОЗЛАДІВ У ПОРАНЕНИХ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ УКРАЇНИ – УЧАСНИКІВ БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ

Early diagnosis of negative mental states, post-stress states allows detecting early and severe manifestations of combat mental trauma and its consequences in wounded servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and also allows developing individual tactics and methods of prevention and recovery of each examined serviceman. The lack of a unified, scientifically sound comprehensive approach to the organization of effective measures of medical, psychological and social rehabilitation, the urgent need to improve the quality of life, medical care, social protection and medical and psychological assistance to servicemen, led to the urgency of the study. Disorders among servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine – participants in hostilities. In the course of work it is revealed that participation in the armed conflict, the received wound is a powerful stress factor leading to various functional disturbances of the body, including psychological. When studying such changes in servicemen who were injured, a significant part of them showed signs of post-traumatic stress response. Accordingly, this category of patients needs both medical and psychological rehabilitation.Рання діагностика негативних психічних і постстресових станів дозволяє на ранніх етапах виявити у поранених військовослужбовців Збройних сил України ранні та тяжкі прояви бойової психічної травми та її наслідки, а також розробити індивідуальну тактику і способи профілактики та відновлення кожного обстеженого військовослужбовця. Відсутність у державі єдиного, науково обґрунтованого комплексного підходу до організації проведення ефективних заходів медичної, психологічної та соціальної реабілітації, гостра потреба у підвищенні якості життя, медичного обслуговування, соціального захисту та медико-психологічної допомоги військовослужбовцям зумовили актуальність дослідження, метою якого стало вивчення особливостей проявів бойових стресових розладів серед військовослужбовців Збройних сил України – учасників бойових дій. У процесі роботи виявлено, що участь у збройному конфлікті, отримане поранення є потужним стресовим фактором, що призводить до різнопланових функціональних порушень організму, в тому числі й психологічних. При вивченні таких змін у значної частини військовослужбовців, які отримали поранення, виявлено ознаки посттравматичної стресової реакції. Відповідно дана категорія пацієнтів потребує як медичної, так і психологічної реабілітації

PALEOLIMNOLOGICAL TRANSECT (PLOT) PROJECT: THE PREGLACIAL TO POSTGLACIAL HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC BASED ON THE PRELIMINARY POLLEN RESULTS

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The analysis of European lacquer : optimization of thermochemolysis temperature of natural resins

In order to optimize chromatographic analysis of European lacquer, thermochemolysis temperature was evaluated for the analysis of natural resins. Five main ingredients of lacquer were studied: sandarac, mastic, colophony, Manila copal and Congo copal. For each, five temperature programs were tested: four fixed temperatures (350, 480, 550, 650 degrees C) and one ultrafast thermal desorption (UFD), in which the temperature rises from 350 to 660 degrees C in 1 min. In total, the integrated signals of 27 molecules, partially characterizing the five resins, were monitored to compare the different methods. A compromise between detection of compounds released at low temperatures and compounds formed at high temperatures was searched. 650 degrees C is too high for both groups, 350 degrees C is best for the first, and 550 degrees C for the second. Fixed temperatures of 480 degrees C or UFD proved to be a consensus in order to detect most marker molecules. UFD was slightly better for the molecules released at low temperatures, while 480 degrees C showed best compounds formed at high temperatures

Formation and interactions of cold and ultracold molecules: new challenges for interdisciplinary physics

Progress on researches in the field of molecules at cold and ultracold temperatures is reported in this review. It covers extensively the experimental methods to produce, detect and characterize cold and ultracold molecules including association of ultracold atoms, deceleration by external fields and kinematic cooling. Confinement of molecules in different kinds of traps is also discussed. The basic theoretical issues related to the knowledge of the molecular structure, the atom-molecule and molecule-molecule mutual interactions, and to their possible manipulation and control with external fields, are reviewed. A short discussion on the broad area of applications completes the review.Comment: to appear in Reports on Progress in Physic