Gedächtnissrede auf Otto Hesse / gehalten ... von Gustav Bauer. In moderner Rechschreibung neu hrsg. von Gabriele Dörflinger, Universitätbibliothek Heidelberg

Die Rede wurde von Gustav Bauer (1820-1906) in der Münchener Akademie der Wissenschaften zum 123. Stiftungstag am 23. März 1882 gehalten. Otto Hesse (1811-1874) studierte Mathematik an der Universität Königsberg und lehrte dort bis 1855. Im April 1856 wurde er als ordentl. Professor an die Universität Heidelberg berufen. Er arbeitete vorwiegend über Geometrie. 1868 folgte er einen Ruf an die neue Technische Hochschule in München. Die Rede enthält als Anhang eine Liste der Publikationen Otto Hesses. Die Originalrede wurde in der vor 1900 geltenden Rechtschreibung publiziert. Die Neuausgabe benutzt die aktuelle Rechtschreibung

Identifying genes that impact on aroma profiles produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the production of higher alcohols

CITATION: Styger, G., Jacobson, D. & Bauer, F. 2011. Identifying genes that impact on aroma profiles produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the production of higher alcohol. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 91(3):713-30, doi:10.1007/s00253-011-3237-z.The original publication is available at http://www.springerlink.com/content/526367083qt666t3/During alcoholic fermentation, many volatile aroma compounds are formed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, including esters, fatty acids, and higher alcohols. While the metabolic network that leads to the formation of these compounds is reasonably well mapped, surprisingly little is known about specific enzymes involved in specific reactions, the regulation of the network, and the physiological roles of individual pathways within the network. Furthermore, different yeast strains tend to produce significantly different aroma profiles. These differences are of tremendous biotechnological interest, since producers of alcoholic beverages such as wine and beer are searching for means to diversify and improve their product range. Various factors such as the redox, energy, and nutritional balance of a cell have previously been suggested to directly or indirectly affect and regulate the network. To gain a better understanding of the regulations and physiological role of this network, we screened a subset of the EUROSCARF strain deletion library for genes that, when deleted, would impact most significantly on the aroma profile produced under fermentative conditions. The 10 genes whose deletion impacted most significantly on higher alcohol production were selected and further characterized to assess their mode of action within or on this metabolic network. This is the first description of a large-scale screening approach using aroma production as the primary selection criteria, and the data suggest that many of the identified genes indeed play central and direct roles within the aroma production network of S. cerevisiae.Publishers' VersionPost prin

Gedächtnissrede auf Otto Hesse

Die Rede wurde von Gustav Bauer (1820-1906) in der Münchener Akademie der Wissenschaften zum 123. Stiftungstag am 23. März 1882 gehalten. Otto Hesse (1811-1874) studierte Mathematik an der Universität Königsberg und lehrte dort bis 1855. Im April 1856 wurde er als ordentl. Professor an die Universität Heidelberg berufen. Er arbeitete vorwiegend über Geometrie. 1868 folgte er einen Ruf an die neue Technische Hochschule in München. Die Rede enthält als Anhang eine Liste der Publikationen Otto Hesses

Non-Leptonic Decays of B Mesons and Strong Coupling Constants

Non-leptonic decays of B mesons into two mesons or meson resonances are studied on the basis of two versions of simple pole-dominance models involving scalar, vector, pseudoscalar and axial-vector poles. The results are compared with those obtained from the usual factorization model and used to obtain information on strong coupling constants between B meson and one light or one charmed meson, respectively. These coupling constants are compared to results from various QCD sum rule calculations.Comment: Latex file 35 pages, including 3 figure

Characteristics and trends in required home care by GPs in Austria: diseases and functional status of patients

BACKGROUND: Almost all societies carry responsibility towards patients who require continuous medical care at home. In many health systems the general practitioner cooperates with community based services of home care and coordinates all medical and non medical activities. In Austria the general practitioner together and in cooperation with relatives of the patient and professional organisations usually takes on this task by visiting his patients. This study was carried out to identify diseases that need home care and to describe the functional profile of home care patients in eastern Austria. METHODS: Cross sectional observational study with 17 GP practices participating during 2 study periods in 1997 and in 2004 in eastern Austria. Each GP identified patients requiring home care and assessed their underlying diseases and functional status by filling in a questionnaire personally after an encounter. Patients in nursing homes were excluded. Statistical tests used were t-tests, contingency tables, nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank sum test and Fisher-combination test. RESULTS: Patients with degenerative diseases of the central nervous system (65%) caused by Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular occlusive disease and patients with degenerative diseases of the skeletal system (53%) were the largest groups among the 198 (1997) and 261 (2004) home care cases of the 11 (1997) and 13 (2004) practices. Malignant diseases in a terminal state constituted only 5% of the cases. More than two thirds of all cases were female with an average age of 80 years. Slightly more than 70% of the patients were at least partially mobile. CONCLUSION: Home care and home visits for patients with degenerative diseases of the central nervous and skeletal system are important elements of GP's work. Further research should therefore focus on effective methods of training and rehabilitation to better the mental and physical status of patients living in their private homes

Modulations of Neuroendocrine Stress Responses During Confinement in Antarctica and the Role of Hypobaric Hypoxia

The Antarctic continent is an environment of extreme conditions. Only few research stations exist that are occupied throughout the year. The German station Neumayer III and the French-Italian Concordia station are such research platforms and human outposts. The seasonal shifts of complete daylight (summer) to complete darkness (winter) as well as massive changes in outside temperatures (down to -80 degrees C at Concordia) during winter result in complete confinement of the crews from the outside world. In addition, the crew at Concordia is subjected to hypobaric hypoxia of similar to 650 hPa as the station is situated at high altitude (3,233 m). We studied three expedition crews at Neumayer Ill (sea level) (n = 16) and two at Concordia (high altitude) (n = 15) to determine the effects of hypobaric hypoxia on hormonal/metabolic stress parameters [endocannabinoids (ECs), catecholamines, and glucocorticoids] and evaluated the psychological stress over a period of 11 months including winter confinement. In the Neumayer III (sea level) crew, EC and n-acylethanolamide (NAE) concentrations increased significantly already at the beginning of the deployment (p < 0.001) whereas catecholamines and cortisol remained unaffected. Over the year, ECs and NAEs stayed elevated and fluctuated before slowly decreasing till the end of the deployment. The classical stress hormones showed small increases in the last third of deployment. By contrast, at Concordia (high altitude), norepinephrine concentrations increased significantly at the beginning (p < 0.001) which was paralleled by low EC levels. Prior to the second half of deployment, norepinephrine declined constantly to end on a low plateau level, whereas then the EC concentrations increased significantly in this second period during the overwintering (p < 0.001). Psychometric data showed no significant changes in the crews at either station. These findings demonstrate that exposition of healthy humans to the physically challenging extreme environment of Antarctica (i) has a distinct modulating effect on stress responses. Additionally, (ii) acute high altitude/hypobaric hypoxia at the beginning seem to trigger catecholamine release that downregulates the EC response. These results (iii) are not associated with psychological stress

Ferromagnetic MnSb2Te4: A p-type topological insulator with magnetic gap closing at high Curie temperatures of 45-50K

Resumen del trabajo presentado al APS March Meeting, celebrado de forma virtual del 13 al 19 de marzo de 2021Mn enables the formation of intrinsic magnetic topological insulatorsfor the quantum anomalous Hall effect with A1B2C4 stoichiometry, e. g., antiferromagnetic MnBi2Te4 with 25 K Néel temperature. Here, we showthat p-type MnSb2Te4, previously considered topologically trivial, is a ferromagnetic topological insulator with high Curie temperature of 45 to 50 K.It displays out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy, the nontrivial topology is robust in band structure calculations towards magnetic disorder, provides aDirac point of the topological surface state close to the Fermi level with out-of-plane spin polarization in spin-ARPES, and exhibits a magneticallyinduced band gap of 17 meV that closes at the Curie temperature as demonstrated by scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Moreover, it displays acritical exponent of magnetization β≈1, indicating the vicinity of a quantum critical point. We identify the influences of structural and magneticdisorder that render MnSb2Te4 the ideal system for tuning electric and magnetic properties of quantum anomalous Hall systems.Peer reviewe

Books in Arabic Script

The chapter approaches the book in Arabic script as the indispensable means for the transmission of knowledge across Eurasia and Africa, within cultures and across cultural boundaries, since the seventh century ad. The state of research can be divided into manuscript and print studies, but there is not yet a history of the book in Arabic script that captures its plurilinear development for over fourteen hundred years. The chapter explores the conceptual and practical challenges that impede the integration of the book in Arabic script into book history at large and includes an extensive reference list that reflects its diversity. The final published version was slightly updated, and includes seven illustrations of six Qurans from the holdings of Columbia University Libraries, four manuscripts and two printed versions. Moreover, the illustrations are images of historical artifacts which are in the public domain - despite Wiley's copyright claim