Effects of selective dilution on the magnetic properties of La_{0.7}Sr_{0.3}Mn_{1-x}M'_xO_3 (M' = Al, Ti)

The magnetic lattice of mixed-valence Mn ions in La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_{3}$ is selectively diluted by partial substitution of Al or Ti for Mn. The ferromagnetic transition temperature $T_\mathrm{c}$ and the saturation magnetization $M_\mathrm{s}$ both decrease with substitution. By presenting the data in terms of selective dilution, $T_\mathrm{c}$ in the low-doping region is found to follow the relation $T_\mathrm{c}=T_\mathrm{c0}(1-n_\mathrm{p})$, where $T_\mathrm{c0}$ refers to the undiluted system and $n_\mathrm{p}$ is the dilution concentration defined as $n_\mathrm{p}=x/0.7$ or $n_\mathrm{p}=x/0.3$ for $M^\prime=$ Al or Ti, respectively. The scaling behavior of $T_\mathrm{c}(n_\mathrm{p})$ can be analyzed in the framework of the molecular-field theory and still valid when Mn is substituted by both Al and Ti. The results are discussed with respect to the contributions from ferromagnetic double exchange and other possible antiferromagnetic superexchange interactions coexisting in the material.Comment: Revtex4, 4 pages, 4 figures, 2006 Halong Conference Repor

EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF INTERACTIVE STORYTELLING IN E-LEARNING: ENHANCING STUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

Artikel ini mengusulkan penggunaan interactive storytelling dalam e-learning melalui Learning Management System (LMS) untuk memberikan hasil pembelajaran yang lebih menarik dan efektif bagi siswa sebagai bentuk dampak dari transformasi digitalisasi. Interactive storytelling dapat menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang menyenangkan, interaktif, dan menarik secara visual, yang dapat membantu siswa tetap tertarik dan termotivasi selama proses pembelajaran. Selain itu, cerita interaktif dapat membantu mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah, mempersonalisasi pengalaman belajar untuk setiap siswa, dan meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan secara keseluruhan. Untuk mencapai hal ini, kami menetapkan prinsip-prinsip desain instruksional untuk merancang dan mengembangkan program mendongeng interaktif yang efektif yang terstruktur dengan baik dan selaras dengan tujuan pembelajaran. Penggunaan cerita interaktif dalam penyampaian konten di E-learning sangat direkomendasikan dan dinilai lebih menarik dan menarik. Dengan memanfaatkan hal ini, para pendidik dapat menciptakan pengalaman belajar yang lebih menarik dan efektif bagi para siswa, yang mengarah pada peningkatan hasil belajar dan peningkatan keterlibatan siswa.&nbsp

Selective dilution and magnetic properties of La_{0.7}Sr_{0.3}Mn_{1-x}M'_xO_3 (M' = Al, Ti)

The magnetic lattice of mixed-valence Mn ions in La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$ is selectively diluted by partial substitution of Mn by Al or Ti. The ferromagnetic transition temperature and the saturation moment decreases with substitution in both series. The volume fraction of the non-ferromagnetic phases evolves non-linearly with the substitution concentration and faster than theoretically expected. By presenting the data in terms of selective dilutions, the reduction of $T_\mathrm{c}$ is found to be scaled by the relative ionic concentrations and is consistent with a prediction derived from molecular-field theory.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, REVTex4.0. Submitted to PR

Carbon nanopipettes for cell probes and intracellular injection

We developed integrated, carbon-based pipettes with nanoscale dimensions (CNP) that can probe cells with minimal intrusion, inject fluids into the cells, and concurrently carry out electrical measurements. Our manufacturing technique does not require cumbersome nanoassembly and is amenable to mass production. Using CNPs, we demonstrate the injection of reagents into cells with minimal intrusion and without inhibiting cell growth

Tenant Interest in Long-Term and Flexible Cash Leases

An objective rental arrangement has two important advantages. First, the tenant could farm as intensely as his costs and prices indicate that he should. If he does a better-than-average job he receives all of the benefits. Second, because the amount of rent to be paid cannot be affected by the tenant\u27s farming, the landlord is much less apt to seek a new tenant. Hence, the tenant\u27s security or tenure may increase. A disadvantage is that the tenant bears more price and weather risks. Also if the tenant makes an error in management he alone bears the loss. However, the tenant paying an objective rental should not have to pay as much rent since the landlord no longer bears these risks. In view of these advantages and disadvantages, how many and what kind of tenants would be willing to use objective rental methods such as the cash or flexible cash lease

Function Vectors in Large Language Models

We report the presence of a simple neural mechanism that represents an input-output function as a vector within autoregressive transformer language models (LMs). Using causal mediation analysis on a diverse range of in-context-learning (ICL) tasks, we find that a small number attention heads transport a compact representation of the demonstrated task, which we call a function vector (FV). FVs are robust to changes in context, i.e., they trigger execution of the task on inputs such as zero-shot and natural text settings that do not resemble the ICL contexts from which they are collected. We test FVs across a range of tasks, models, and layers and find strong causal effects across settings in middle layers. We investigate the internal structure of FVs and find while that they often contain information that encodes the output space of the function, this information alone is not sufficient to reconstruct an FV. Finally, we test semantic vector composition in FVs, and find that to some extent they can be summed to create vectors that trigger new complex tasks. Taken together, our findings suggest that LLMs contain internal abstractions of general-purpose functions that can be invoked in a variety of contexts.Comment: 43 pages, 25 figures, 20 tables, Code and data at https://functions.baulab.inf