Integrated reinforcement and repair of interdependent infrastructure networks under disaster-related uncertainties

Natural or human-inflicted disasters may cause large-scale disruptions in the services of infrastructure networks including power, water, and telecommunication. Restoring the services of these infrastructures is vital in the aftermath of the disaster, so that search-and-rescue activities, relief transportation, and restoration efforts can be efficiently facilitated. On the other hand, operations of these infrastructures may depend on receiving services from one another, resulting in an interdependent network structure. Consequently, addressing the decisions of network reinforcement before the disaster and the repairs in its aftermath needs to take into account this interdependent structure, as well as the uncertainties arising from the timing, location, and magnitude of the disaster.This paper introduces the Stochastic Interdependent Infrastructure Reinforcement and Repair Problem, which considers the pre-disaster reinforcement of interdependent network components and post-disaster repair scheduling in an integrated manner. In making these decisions, the uncertainty on which network components will be disrupted is incorporated into the problem definition. The problem is modeled using scenario-based two-stage stochastic programming. A heuristic based on a genetic algorithm and partial optimization is proposed to solve realistically-sized instances of the problem. Computational experiments not only show that the heuristic is able to find near-optimal solutions within reasonable times, but also illustrate the ability of the approach to help derive managerial insights

Identifikasi kandungan fucoidan yang diekstrak dari Sargassum sp. yang diambil dari Pantai Pantai Sundak, Gunung Kidul

This study aims to identify the fucoidan content extracted from Sargassum sp. collected from Sundak Beach, Gunung Kidul. Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide compound with various biological activities, including anticoagulant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activities. Sargassum sp. was chosen as the source of fucoidan due to its abundance in coastal waters and its pharmacological potential. The extraction method was carried out using a hot water extraction technique with acid treatment, followed by a purification process using dialysis. The extracted fucoidan content was then analyzed using spectrophotometry and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) to determine its concentration and purity. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to identify the functional groups of the compound. The results showed that fucoidan was successfully extracted from Sargassum sp. with a significant yield. The main component of the extracted fucoidan from Sargassum sp. in this study was fucose, as indicated by the TLC results. The Rf value of the fucoidan hydrolysate from Sargassum sp. and the standard fucoidan, which was 0.51, matched that of fucose, indicating that both samples contained fucose. This study concludes that Sargassum sp. from Sundak Beach, Gunung Kidul, is a potential source for high-quality fucoidan production

Fish Oil Substitution in Fish Feed Using Vegetable Oils, Terrestrial Animal Fats and Indonesian Local Raw Material Candidates (A Review)

Aquaculture is one of the world's most rapidly expanding producers of protein-rich diets. This is in accordance with the rising demand for feed to sustain these activities. However, the use of natural materials for fish feed, particularly fish oil, creates a paradox because it is derived from fish, therefore it is against the principles of sustainable agriculture. This article examines vegetable oils with a superior nutritional profile, palatability, digestibility, anti-nutritional factors, availability, and cost in comparison to fish oil. The ten-year-old articles selected and compiled originate from national (SHINTA) and international (Elsevier and Proquest) websites. Finding alternatives to fish oil as a source of lipids in fish diets is the result of several decades of research. Vegetable and animal sources are two main types of fish oil substitutes. Up to one hundred percent of fish oil can be substituted with vegetable oils like palm oil, canola oil, soybean oil, and olive oil. Similarly, animal sources can provide up to 75% of the lipids necessary for fish diets. Moreover, rubber seed oil has the potential to supplant fish oil in Indonesia due to its high omega-3 fatty acid content, which is comparable to that of fish oil. The conclusion of this review is that there are multiple sources of lipids that can be used to replace fish oil, and that more consideration must be given to the type of lipid source used in accordance with the type of fish being cultivated and the location of the fish cultivation

Efektivitas Kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) sebagai Suplemen Pakan Ikan

Feed supplements for aquaculture activities are materials that currently widely used. There are many feed supplements using herbal ingredients, because it is considered more safety for fish. It is based on prohibition of antibiotics usage, because it can create resistance in microorganisms and has a negative impact on environment. Turmeric is a spice that widely used as a feed supplement. Most turmeric is used for cooking ingredient, but it is also widely used in traditional medicine. Several active compounds in turmeric such as curcumin and turmerone have been studied. These active compound have been proven could increase antioxidant and prevent lipid peroxidation, so it can increase the fish growth. Apart from that, this active compound is also useful in inhibiting bacterial growth by damaging membrane and preventing the formation of biofilms

KONDISI KELIMPAHAN DAN STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS FITOPLANKTON DI PERAIRAN PANTAI SENGGIGI KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT

Fitoplankton adalah salah satu mikroorganisme akuatik yang memiliki peran penting pada siklus kehidupan di air. Sebagai produsen primer dalam suatu rantai atau jaring makanan, fitoplankton dapat menjadi parameter ekologi untuk menggambarkan kondisi perairan, melalui kelimpahan dan struktur komunitasnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi kelimpahan dan struktur komunitas fitoplankton di perairan Pantai Senggigi, Kabupaten Lombok Barat dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2022. Jenis fitoplankton yang ditemukan terdiri dari 2 divisi yaitu Chrysophyta dan Pyrrophyta. Divisi Chrysophyta yang teridentifikasi terdiri dari genus Cocconeis, Torodinium, Skeletonema, Nitzchia, Guinardia dan Eunotia, sedangkan dari divisi Pyrrophyta terdiri dari 3 genus yaitu Pyrocystis, Gymnodinium dan Histioneis. Hasil kelimpahan fitoplankton yang ditemukan di seluruh stasiun berkisar 4.267 – 8.213 Ind/L yang menunjukkan perairan dalam kondisi oligotrofik. Sedangkan struktur komunitas digambarkan dari hasil perhitungan indeks keanekaragaman (H’) berkisar 1,59 – 1,80, indeks keseragaman 0,86 – 0,90 dan indeks dominansi 0,19 – 0,25. Nilai – nilai tersebut menunjukkan lokasi perairan Pantai Senggigi dalam keadaan yang stabil, atau tidak muncul genus yang mendominasi.Fitoplankton adalah salah satu mikroorganisme akuatik yang memiliki peran penting pada siklus kehidupan di air. Sebagai produsen primer dalam suatu rantai atau jaring makanan, fitoplankton dapat menjadi parameter ekologi untuk menggambarkan kondisi perairan, melalui kelimpahan dan struktur komunitasnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi kelimpahan dan struktur komunitas fitoplankton di perairan Pantai Senggigi, Kabupaten Lombok Barat dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2022. Jenis fitoplankton yang ditemukan terdiri dari 2 divisi yaitu Chrysophyta dan Pyrrophyta. Divisi Chrysophyta yang teridentifikasi terdiri dari genus Cocconeis, Torodinium, Skeletonema, Nitzchia, Guinardia dan Eunotia, sedangkan dari divisi Pyrrophyta terdiri dari 3 genus yaitu Pyrocystis, Gymnodinium dan Histioneis. Hasil kelimpahan fitoplankton yang ditemukan di seluruh stasiun berkisar 4.267 – 8.213 Ind/L yang menunjukkan perairan dalam kondisi oligotrofik. Sedangkan struktur komunitas digambarkan dari hasil perhitungan indeks keanekaragaman (H’) berkisar 1,59 – 1,80, indeks keseragaman 0,86 – 0,90 dan indeks dominansi 0,19 – 0,25. Nilai – nilai tersebut menunjukkan lokasi perairan Pantai Senggigi dalam keadaan yang stabil, atau tidak muncul genus yang mendominasi

Comparing nanofibers for better irrigation for plants

Řešená odborná bakalářská práce se zabývá porovnáním využití netkaných textilií určených pro zadržení vody. Jejím cílem je porovnat zavlhčování pokojových rostlin použitím vpichovaného vlněného rouna s jinými typy netkaných textilií a navržení jen vhodné netkané textilie. Testování vlastnosti bylo provedeno v laboratořích Technické univerzity v Liberci. Ověření je realizováno praktickou zkouškou.This professional bachelor's thesis deals with comparing nanofibers for better irrigation for plants. The aim of this work is to compare the watering of house plants using needled wool fleece with other types of nonwovens and to propose only suitable nonwoven fabrics. Property testing was performed in the laboratories of the Technical University of Liberec. Verification is carried out by practical testing

SCHEDULING MULTIPLE OPERATING ROOMS UNDER UNCERTAINTY

Operating room (OR) scheduling is an important operational problem for most hospitals. Uncertainty in the surgery delivery process, the existence of multiple resources and competing performance criteria are among the important aspects of OR scheduling problems in practice. Considering these aspects, this dissertation focuses on developing and efficiently solving novel stochastic programming models for multi-OR scheduling problems under uncertainty in surgery durations. We first consider a stochastic multi-OR scheduling problem with multiple surgeons where the daily scheduling decisions are made before the resolution of uncertainty. We formulate the problem as a two-stage stochastic mixed-integer program that minimizes the sum of the fixed cost of opening ORs and the expected overtime and surgeon idling cost. Decisions in our model include the number of ORs to open, the allocation of surgeries to ORs, the sequence of surgeries in each OR, and the start times for surgeons. Realistic-sized instances of our model are difficult or impossible to solve with standard stochastic programming techniques. Therefore, we exploit several structural properties of our model and describe a novel set of widely applicable valid inequalities to achieve computational advantages. We use our results to quantify the value of capturing uncertainty and the benefit of pooling ORs, and to demonstrate the impact of parallel surgery processing on surgery schedules. We then consider a stochastic multi-OR scheduling problem where the initial schedule is revised at a prespecified rescheduling point during the surgical day. We formulate the problem as a three-stage stochastic mixed-integer program that minimizes the sum of the fixed cost of opening ORs and the expected overtime cost. The number of ORs to open and the allocation of surgeries to ORs are the first-, and the revisions on the allocation of surgeries to ORs are the second-stage decisions in our model. For our computational study, we consider a special case, which is a two-stage stochastic mixed-integer program, where rescheduling decisions are made under perfect information. We use stage-wise and scenario-wise decomposition methods to solve our model. By using our results, we estimate the value of rescheduling, and illustrate the impact of different surgery sequencing rules on this value

Effect of Adding Tuna Fish Bone Meal as a Source of Calcium Minerals in Feed in Freshwater Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Cultivation

The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of giving tuna bone meal as a mineral source to vaname shrimp cultivated in freshwater media, at doses of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. Fish bones are a form of fish processing industry waste that contains the highest calcium among fish body parts, because the main components of fish bones are calcium, phosphorus and carbonate. The calcium content in tuna bone meal is higher than the calcium content in other fish bone meal, namely in catfish bone meal 13.48%, mandidihang fish bone meal 2.12%, catfish bone meal 30.95% and in fish bone meal tuna ranges from 23-39%. Based on research that has been carried out, the addition of tuna fish bone meal has a real influence on the growth of specific weight, absolute weight, specific length, absolute length but there is no significant difference to FCR. The best value was obtained in Treatment 5 with the addition of tuna bone meal at a dose of 4% ( 4 grams / 100gram feed). Specific weight values at P5 (2.85%), absolute weight (27.8), absolute length (6.00cm), specific length (3.46%

The Use Of Feiba In Hemophilia A Patient With Inhibitory And Sign Of Severe Intraabdominal Hemorrhage

The development of a factor VIII inhibitory is the most serious problem of Hemophilia A. High dose FVIII, recombinant FVIIa or FVIII inhibitor bypass activator (FEIBA) only or combined may use in the treatment of hemophilia with inhibitory. We present here 42 year-old male was admitted to our clinic with sign of shock, abdominal tenderness and image of mass. In laboratory, Hemoglobin was found 5 gr/dl, aPTT: 106 sec, FVIII: %0 and inhibitory level was found 14 BU. Abdominal computerized tomography was shown hemorrhage in abdominal cavity and in psoas muscle. In treatment; We used blood transfusion and 100 U/kgx2/d FEIBA along 4 days. General symptoms and signs was healed after 2 days and hematologic parameters turned to normal. Immune tolerans treatment program was planned for patient, later. FEIBA treatment is very useful in hemophilia patients suffered from hemorrhage and inhibitors in addition to supportive treatment