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E-voting in Brazil - the risks to democracy
Literature has shown that countries with strong democratic traditions, such as the United States and Canada, are not yet using electronic voting systems intensively, due to the concern for and emphasis on security. It has revealed that there is no such thing as an error-free computer system, let alone an electronic voting system, and that existing technology does not offer the conditions necessary for a reliable, accurate and secure electronic voting system. In this context, then, what are the risks of e-voting to democracy? In what ways, if at all, can more fragile, less mature democracies be buttressed with e-voting systems? As a key component of e-democracy, it seems that e-voting technologies are to become more secure and increasingly reliable in the near future and will indeed be adopted in many countries. In what ways, if at all, will the introduction of such systems increase voter confidence in the political system, promote citizen engagement in political life, and nurture the evolution of democracy? If both e-voting and edemocracy are emerging based on popular demand - that is, as a demand-driven alternative to current processes, then there is no doubt that they are likely to enhance and improve the efficiency of traditional democracy. However, if e-voting technology is being introduced based on a supply-driven fashion - the technology exists therefore it should and must be implemented - then the implications for democracy should be considered. Brazil's introduction of e-voting offers a cautionary tale of supply-driven technological implication. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the introduction of e-voting in Brazil is highly risky to democracy due to the lack of emphasis on security and the lack of a sociallyinformed and socially driven approach to technological innovation. The Brazilian example illustrates the democratic implications of a market-driven approach. The lack of a technology strategy designed to promote and extend democratic principles is not surprising given the closed door, market-based negotiations that led to the adoption of e-voting in Brazil. The promise, and indeed, the imperative of a democratic, voter-centered approach as an alternative for the development of an electronic voting system, is explored in the paper
Efeito do cozimento e mercaptoetanol na proteĂnas do glĂșten de trigo.
Neste trabalho o glĂșten de trigo foi submetido a ação de mercaptoetanol e ao cozimento com o intuito de se quantificar as alteraçÔes causadas por estes processos nas concentraçÔes das estruturas secundĂĄrias de suas proteĂnas componentes.bitstream/CNPDIA/8018/1/BPD02_2002.pd
Sensitivity of cotton cultivars to soil compaction
Cotton is one of the most sensitive crops to soil compaction, but there may be genetic variability for this trait. The objective of this study was to evaluate cotton cultivars sensitivity to soil compaction. Soil columns were built with three pvc rings with internal diameter of 10 cm and filled with an alfisol. The heights of the top and bottom rings were 15 cm, and the intermediate ring, in which the soil was compacted, was 3.5 cm high. The levels of compression used in the subsurface were characterized by penetration resistances of 0.41, 0.93, 1.41 and 1.92 MPa. The cultivars 701 FMT, FMT 705, FMT 707, FMX 951 LL and FMX 966 LL were grown up to 23 days after plant emergence, when the dry matter of shoots and roots, root length density and root diameter were determined. The cotton cultivars have variability in their sensitivity to resistance to penetration. The cultivar 707 FMT is more sensitive to soil compaction, while the FMT 701 is more tolerant. Penetration resistance of around 0.92 to 1.06 MPa reduce 50% cotton root growth, but resistance to penetration of 1.92 MPa did not totally prevent growth
Simulação dinùmica de modelos operacionais com enfoque aplicado à engenharia de projetos
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção
Pesquisa da deficiĂȘncia de ferro em gestantes do 3 trimestre.
Trabalho de ConclusĂŁo de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de CiĂȘncias da SaĂșde, Departamento de Tocoginecologia, Curso de Medicina, FlorianĂłpolis, 198
Magnetoelectric effects in an organo-metallic quantum magnet
We observe a bilinear magnetic field-induced electric polarization of 50 in single crystals of NiCl-4SC(NH) (DTN). DTN forms a
tetragonal structure that breaks inversion symmetry, with the highly polar
thiourea molecules all tilted in the same direction along the c-axis.
Application of a magnetic field between 2 and 12 T induces canted
antiferromagnetism of the Ni spins and the resulting magnetization closely
tracks the electric polarization. We speculate that the Ni magnetic forces
acting on the soft organic lattice can create significant distortions and
modify the angles of the thiourea molecules, thereby creating a magnetoelectric
effect. This is an example of how magnetoelectric effects can be constructed in
organo-metallic single crystals by combining magnetic ions with electrically
polar organic elements.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figure
SĂndromes liquĂłricas em pacientes com comprometimento agudo da consciĂȘncia
We reviewed the laboratorycards of 200 analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) performed to evaluate acute alterations of consciousness in adult patients attended in a neurological emergency room. 61% were men; the mean age was 46 years. The most common clinical data were infective and neurologic. The CSF was abnormal in 149 (74.5%) patients and the most common syndromes were: compressive (21%), hemorrhagic (11.5%), viral (8.5%), septic (7.5%), moderate hyperglycorrachia (6.5%), hydroelectrolytic disturbances (5.5%). There were some statistically significant correlations between CSF syndromes and clinical data: septic syndrome and fever and meningeal signs, hemorrhagic syndrome and headache and meningeal signs, CSF hydroelectrolytic disturbance syndrome and seizures, severe hyperproteinorrachia and headache, fever, meningeal signs and vomiting, moderate hyperproteinorrachia and age over 65 and male sex. We classified the abnormal results in two groups: 1 - sufficient for an immediate clinical decision; 2 - nonspecific. The former group was found in 27.5% of the patients and in 36.9% of the abnormal CSF results. In patients attending to neurologic emergency rooms with acute alterations of consciousness, the examination of the CSF frequently could contribute to an etiologic diagnosis. It must be performed after a rigorous clinical evaluation of the patient.NĂłs revisamos os registros de 200 exames de lĂquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) realizados para avaliar alteraçÔes agudas da consciĂȘncia em pacientes adultos atendidos em um pronto-socorro neurolĂłgico. 61% eram homens e a idade mĂ©dia era 46 anos. Os dados clĂnicos mais comuns foram infecciosos e neurolĂłgicos. O LCR foi anormal em 149 (74,5%) pacientes e as sĂndromes mais comuns foram: compressiva (21%), hemorrĂĄgica (11,5%), viral (8,5%), sĂ©ptica (7,5%), hiperglicorraquia moderada (6,5%), distĂșrbio hidro-eletrolĂtico (5,5%). NĂłs classificamos os resultados anormais em dois grupos: 1 - suficientes para uma decisĂŁo clĂnica imediata; 2 - inespecĂficos. O primeiro grupo foi encontrado em 27,5% dos pacientes e em 36,9% dos resultados anormais. Houve algumas correlaçÔes estatisticamente significantes entre dados clĂnicos e sĂndromes liquĂłricas: sĂndrome sĂ©ptica e febre e sinais menĂngeos, sĂndrome hemorrĂĄgica e cefalĂ©ia e sinais menĂngeos, distĂșrbio hidro-eletrolĂtico no LCR e convulsĂ”es, hiperproteinorraquia acentuada e cefalĂ©ia, febre, sinais menĂngeos e vĂŽmitos, hiperproteinorraquia moderada e idade acima de 65 anos e sexo masculino. Em pacientes atendidos em pronto-socorro neurolĂłgico com alteraçÔes agudas da consciĂȘncia, o exame do LCR frequentemente pode contribuir para um diagnĂłstico etiolĂłgico. Deve ser solicitado apĂłs rigorosa avaliação clĂnica do paciente.Universidade Federal de SĂŁo Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM) Department of NeurologyUNIFESP, EPM, Department of NeurologySciEL
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