Estudo das manifestações patológicas e técnicas de reparos nas estruturas dos reservatórios elevados da Cidade de São José de Piranhas/PB

Ao se deparar com alguma manifestação patológica em estruturas de concreto armado, a preocupação não é somente com um desconforto visual, mas também com o bom desempenho da estrutura. Essas anomalias podem ser causadas por erros de projeto, execução, utilização, material e manutenção, sendo os casos de erros na execução os mais recorrentes. As patologias no concreto armado podem, em muitos casos, comprometer a sua funcionalidade e desempenho, gerando a diminuição da sua vida útil. No caso dos reservatórios construídos em concreto armado, o aparecimento das patologias traz prejuízos para a empresa responsável e também para a população que depende diretamente do consumo da água. Nesse sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar o levantamento das manifestações patológicas e estabelecer possíveis soluções para o reparo dos reservatórios feitos em concreto armado na Cidade de São José de Piranhas-PB. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, foram feitas visitas a Companhia de Água e Esgoto (CAGEPA) a fim de colher o máximo de informações sobre os reservatórios. Em seguida, foram feitas visitas no local de cada reservatório e, com ajuda de uma câmera convencional, registrou-se as principais manifestações patológicas que afetam os reservatórios. Por meio das imagens registradas, pode-se concluir que as patologias mais frequentes são as seguintes: manchas, fissuras, desplacamento do concreto, corrosão das armaduras e infiltrações. Por fim, foi feito diagnóstico de cada anomalia presente, destacando as principais causas do aparecimento de tais patologias e trazendo soluções para o reparo das manifestações patológicas

Disfunção temporomandibular e fatores associados em trabalhadores da indústria

Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência e fatores associados às Disfunções Temporomandibulares (DTM) em trabalhadores da indústria. Método: Estudo de corte transversal realizado com 1.252 trabalhadores da indústria atendidos pelo Serviço Social da Indústria (SESI), no Distrito Federal de seis estados brasileiros, em 2011. Os dados de risco ocupacional foram coletados na anamnese e entrevista ao paciente ou consulta ao PPRA/PCMSO. Adotou-se o Manual de Critérios do SESI para determinar a presença de DTM através de sinais e sintomas. Procedeu-se à análise multivariada de regressão logística, estimando o OR e Intervalo de Confiança a 95%, analisando o ajustamento pelo método da máxima verossimilhança. Resultados: Dos participantes, 15,50% apresentam algum sinal e sintoma de DTM. O ruído foi o sinal mais expressivo da ocorrência da DTM (10,14%). Observou-se associação com o sexo feminino (OR ajustado = 1,68; 1,19-2,35 IC 95%), raça/cor da pele negra/parda (OR ajustado = 1,76; IC 95%: 1,21-2,56), uso de tabaco (OR ajustado = 1,89; IC 95%: 1,18-3,04) e exposições ocupacionais a agentes físicos (OR ajustado = 1,81; IC 95%: 1,22-2,70) e ergonômicos (OR ajustado: 1,72; IC 95%: 1,18-2,51). Conclusão: Houve baixa prevalência de DTM na população da indústria. Encontrou-se associação estatisticamente significante com sexo feminino, fumante, etnia negra/parda e exposição a agentes físicos e ergonômicos no ambiente laboral, reforçando a importância da adoção de medidas preventivas para a melhoria da qualidade de vida do trabalhador

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS: a data set of bird morphological traits from the Atlantic forests of South America

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially