Changes in oral health-related quality of life before and after dental treatment in 8–12-year-old Costa Rican schoolchildren

AimsThe aims of this study were to (1) evaluate oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in 8–12-year-old Costa Rican schoolchildren before and after dental treatment and (2) collect clinical and sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsSchoolchildren completed the Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form (COHIP-SF-19) questionnaire before and after dental treatment. One of the parents was asked to complete a sociodemographic survey. Patients were treated for caries, hypomineralizations, and dental malocclusions. The prevalence of these conditions were assessed from the patient's electronic dental record.ResultsEighty participants (39 male and 41 female, average age: 9.4 ± 1.0 years) were recruited. The prevalence of dental caries was 56.1% with a mean deft and DMFT score of 3,15 ± 0.96 and 2.22 ± 0.77, respectively. Prevalence of hypomineralizations was 53.7% and dental malocclusions was 82.9%. The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index before treatment was 1.45 ± 0.45 and after was 1.42 ± 0.43. Mean COHIP-SF-19 total score decreased from 53,7 ± 7,8 before dental treatment to 31,4 ± 4,2 after treatment. Improvements in all subdomains were also observed. Regarding sociodemographic characteristics, 65% of the patients lived in San José, Costa Rica's capital city, and 56.3% of the studied population belonged to a low-income family. Most parents did not complete high school. Regarding the number of family members living in the same house as the patient, an average of four people was reported. In relation to family structure, 58.8% of the children's parents lived together, either married or free union. As for household owning, 53.8% of parents reported owning their house, 36.3% lived in a rented house, and 10% lived in a borrowed home.ConclusionThe prevalence of caries, hypomineralizations, and dental malocclusions were high before dental treatment. Reported sociodemographic characteristics unlikely changed after dental treatment, suggesting dental care played a pivotal role in improving self-perceptions of oral health and quality of life in our clinical setting

El arte comunitario como integración de los estudiantes en un contexto educativo no formal

Máster Univ. en Formación del Profes. en E.S.O., Bachillerato, F.P. y E.Ii

Antibiotic Consumption During a 4-year Period in a Community Hospital with an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program

Objectives: We sought to evaluate the trend of antibiotic consumption in patients admitted to a community hospital in Qatar with an antimicrobial stewardship program. Methods: This observational study was carried out in a 75-bed facility in Western Qatar over a 4-year period (2012–2015). The monitoring of antimicrobial consumption from inpatient wards was performed from the pharmacy records and presented as defined daily dose (DDD) divided by the patient days and expressed as 100 bed-days (DBD). Results: The consumption of antimicrobials in 2012 was 171.3 DBD, and increased to 252.7 DBD in 2013, 229.1 DBD in 2014, and 184.7 DBD in 2015. Cephalosporins use reduced from 98.2 DBD in 2013 to 51.5 DBD in 2015 while the consumption of penicillins increased during the beginning of 2014 with a slight decrease in 2015. Carbapenems consumption during 2014–2015 was lower than previous years, and vice-versa for aminoglycosides. Fluoroquinolones had a sustained increase with 37.1% increased consumption in 2015 compared to the two previous years. There was an increase in the use of intravenous (IV) (108.5%) and oral azithromycin (55.1%) and the use of oral (152.8%) and IV moxifloxacin (22.9%). Conclusions: We observed a decrease in antibiotic use in patients admitted to a community hospital with an antimicrobial stewardship program, but the increase in fluoroquinolones consumption is a concern that requires focused strategies

Changes in oral-health related quality of life before and after dental treatment in 8- to 12-year-old Costa Rican schoolchildren

Aims: The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in 8–12-year-old Costa Rican schoolchildren before and after dental treatment and (2) collect clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: Schoolchildren completed the Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form (COHIP-SF-19) questionnaire before and after dental treatment. One of the parents was asked to complete a sociodemographic survey. Patients were treated for caries, hypomineralizations, and dental malocclusions. The prevalence of these conditions were assessed from the patient’s electronic dental record. Results: Eighty participants (39 male and 41 female, average age: 9.4 ± 1.0 years) were recruited. The prevalence of dental caries was 56.1% with a mean deft and DMFT score of 3,15 ± 0.96 and 2.22 ± 0.77, respectively. Prevalence of hypomineralizations was 53.7% and dental malocclusions was 82.9%. The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index before treatment was 1.45 ± 0.45 and after was 1.42 ± 0.43. Mean COHIP-SF-19 total score decreased from 53,7 ± 7,8 before dental treatment to 31,4 ± 4,2 after treatment. Improvements in all subdomains were also observed. Regarding sociodemographic characteristics, 65% of the patients lived in San José, Costa Rica’s capital city, and 56.3% of the studied population belonged to a low-income family. Most parents did not complete high school. Regarding the number of family members living in the same house as the patient, an average of four people was reported. In relation to family structure, 58.8% of the children’s parents lived together, either married or free union. As for household owning, 53.8% of parents reported owning their house, 36.3% lived in a rented house, and 10% lived in a borrowed home. Conclusion: The prevalence of caries, hypomineralizations, and dental malocclusions were high before dental treatment. Reported sociodemographic characteristics unlikely changed after dental treatment, suggesting dental care played a pivotal role in improving self-perceptions of oral health and quality of life in our clinical setting.Universidad de Costa Rica/[440-C2-323]/UCR/Costa RicaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Salud::Facultad de Odontologí

Clinical and anatomopathological characterization of patients with breast cancer treated at the "Ernesto Guevara de la Serna" Hospital

Background: in the world breast cancer represents a public health problem due to its high incidence. In Cuba it is the second cause of death from neoplasia in women.Objective: to characterize clinical and anatomopathological aspects in patients diagnosed with breast cancer who were treated at the "Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna " General Teaching Hospital of Las Tunas, from January 2016 to December 2017.Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in order to characterize the patients with malignant neoplasias of breast, in the aforementioned place and during the period herein declared. The study sample consisted of 183 patients with a positive diagnosis of breast cancer to whom cytological and histological studies were performed. The information was processed through descriptive statistics using percentage analysis.Results: women aged between 35 and 60 years predominated for 66,2 %; 54,1 % had a family history of pathological conditions. Among the main associated factors present in this sample were obesity and precocious menarche, for 69,4 % and 54,1 %, respectively. The infiltrating ductal carcinoma predominated in 78,1 % of the patients and there was a coincidence of 85,8 % between the cytological and histological study. 5 women (2,7 %) had classified as negative in the cytological study.Conclusions: clinical and anatomopathological aspects were characterized in patients diagnosed with breast cancer.</p

Autochthonous intestine bacteria used as microbial feed additives confer some protection to Senegalese sole with the infectious agent Photobacterium damselae sp. piscicida

Trabajo presentado en el 18th International Symposium on Fish Nutrition and Feeding (ISFNF), celebrado en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (España), del 3 al 07 de junio de 2018Peer reviewe