Control de la floración y tolerancia al frío: vernalización en cereales

La disminución de la tolerancia al frío en etapa reproductiva está relacionada con la expresión del gen de vernalización VRN-1, indicando una conexión entre los procesos de aclimatación al frío y floración.Fil: Basualdo, Jessica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; ArgentinaFil: Díaz, Marina. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Echenique, Carmen Viviana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; ArgentinaFil: Carrera, Alicia Delia. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentin

Pollination Efficiency of Managed Bee Species (Apis mellifera and Bombus pauloensis) in Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) Productivity

Understanding how bees use the resources provided by crops of massive flowering is essential to develop meaningful agricultural management of plans to maximize the potential of pollination service. We assessed the effect of the pollination carried out by native species Bombus pauloensis and Apis mellifera on the production and quality of blueberry fruits. In this context, we tested the prediction that pollinator assemblages benefit fruit yield. Four treatments were performed: open pollination, B. pauloensis pollination, A. mellifera pollination, and autogamy. For each treatment, the frequency of floral visitors, fruit setting, yield, and quality were evaluated. The results showed that Vaccinium corymbosum L. ‘Emerald’ is highly dependent on entomophilous pollination to obtain optimal production and high-quality fruit, and that pollination with A. mellifera generated the highest proportion of fruit setting (0.80 ± 0.03). The highest seed number was found in open pollinated fruits. This study highlights the effect of the interactions among wild and managed pollinators on the productivity of commercial blueberry fields, and is the first report of B. pauloensis use in blueberry pollination.EEA ConcordiaFil: Cavigliasso, Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concordia; ArgentinaFil: Bello, Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concordia; ArgentinaFil: Rivadeneira, Maria Fernanda. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concordia; ArgentinaFil: Monzon, Nicolas Oscar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concordia; ArgentinaFil: Gennari, Gerardo Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Basualdo, Marina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentin

Evaluación de la calidad de un alimento elaborado con miel y nueces

La miel y las nueces son productos estables respecto a los microorganismos debido a su composición y características intrínsecas, sin embargo pueden verse alterados por manipulaciones poco higiénicas durante la extracción, procesamiento, envasado o conservación. El objetivo del presente trabajo es desarrollar un producto elaborado con miel y nueces, y evaluar su calidad a diferentes temperaturas y tiempos de almacenamiento. Previo al desarrollo del producto final, se realizaron análisis fisicoquímicos (determinación de humedad, pH y acidez) y análisis microbiológicos (determinación de mohos y levaduras, Clostridium sulfito reductores, Salmonella spp., Coliformes totales, Coliformes fecales y Staphylococcus aureus) en la materia prima, obteniendo valores que se encuentran dentro de los límites establecidos por la legislación vigente. Luego se procedió al envasado del producto final en la sala de elaboración de la planta fraccionadora de miel, realizando análisis microbiológicos de ambiente e hisopados en envases, obteniendo resultados óptimos. Las muestras fueron almacenadas a tres temperaturas distintas: temperatura ambiente (20°C ± 5°C), temperatura de refrigeración (4°C -7°C) y temperatura extrema (45°C). Se realizaron tres muestreos: al momento cero, a los veinte días y a los cuarenta días posteriores del envasado; realizando determinados análisis microbiológicos (recuentos de mohos y levaduras, recuento de Clostridium sulfito reductores, recuento de Coliformes totales, recuento de Coliformes fecales e investigación de Salmonella spp.); obteniendo resultados adecuados, con algunas recomendaciones. Como última instancia se realizó un análisis sensorial a 97 consumidores los cuales evaluaron las características de tres muestras (M1 almacenada a temperatura ambiente, M2 almacenada a temperatura de refrigeración, M3 envasada en el momento); siendo de mayor agrado para la mayoría de los consumidores M3.Fil: Gerez, María Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Trama, Andrea. Alimentos Naturales - Natural Foods S.A; ArgentinaFil: Basualdo, Marina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Tecnologia y Calidad de los Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Libonatti, Carina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Tecnologia y Calidad de los Alimentos; ArgentinaCongreso Argentino de Apicultura 2021AzulArgentinaSociedad Argentina de Apicultur

Current status and application of lactic acid bacteria in animal production systems with a focus on bacteria from honey bee colonies

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely distributed in nature and, due to their beneficial effects on the host, are used as probiotics. This review describes the applications of LAB in animal production systems such as beekeeping, poultry, swine and bovine production, particularly as probiotics used to improve health, enhance growth and reproductive performance. Given the importance of honeybees in nature and the beekeeping industry as a producer of healthy food worldwide, the focus of this review is on the coexistence of LAB with honeybees, their food and environment. The main LAB species isolated from the beehive and their potential technological use are described. Evidence is provided that 43 LAB bacteria species have been isolated from beehives, of which 20 showed inhibition against 28 species of human and animal pathogens, some of which are resistant to antibiotics. Additionally, the presence of LAB in the beehive and their relationship with antibacterial properties of honey and pollen is discussed. Finally, we describe the use of lactic bacteria from bee colonies and their antimicrobial effect against foodborne pathogens and human health. This review broadens knowledge by highlighting the importance of honeybee colonies as suppliers of LAB and functional food.Fil: Ramos, Ornella Yolanda. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Basualdo, Marina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Libonatti, Claudia Carina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Vega, Maria Fernanda. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentin

Transcriptomic response of durum wheat to cold stress at reproductive stage

Understanding the genetic basis of cold tolerance is a key step towards obtaining new and improved crop varieties. Current geographical distribution of durum wheat in Argentina exposes the plants to frost damage when spikes have already emerged. Biochemical pathways involved in cold tolerance are known to be early activated at above freezing temperatures. In this study we reported the transcriptome of CBW0101 spring durum wheat by merging data from untreated control and cold (5 °C) treated plant samples at reproductive stage. A total of 128,804 unigenes were predicted. Near 62% of the unigenes were annotated in at least one database. In total 876 unigenes were differentially expressed (DEGs), 562 were up-regulated and 314 down-regulated in treated samples. DEGs are involved in many critical processes including, photosynthetic activity, lipid and carbohydrate synthesis and accumulation of amino acids and seed proteins. Twenty-eight transcription factors (TFs) belonging to 14 families resulted differentially expressed from which eight families comprised of only TFs induced by cold. We also found 31 differentially expressed Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), most of them up-regulated in treated plants. Two of these lncRNAs could operate via microRNAs (miRNAs) target mimic. Our results suggest a reprogramming of expression patterns in CBW0101 that affects a number of genes that is closer to the number reported in winter genotypes. These observations could partially explain its moderate tolerance (low proportion of frost-damaged spikes) when exposed to freezing days in the field.Fil: Díaz, Marina Lucía. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Soresi, Daniela Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; ArgentinaFil: Basualdo, Jessica. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Cuppari, Selva Yanet. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; ArgentinaFil: Carrera, Alicia Delia. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentin

Effect of botanical and physicochemical composition of Argentinean honeys on the inhibitory action against food pathogens

Honey is a natural food with functional properties such as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. These properties vary greatly depending on floral source, climate, and environmental and processing conditions. In this work, we characterized honeys on the basis of their botanical composition and clustered them according to their physicochemical parameters in order to find similarities, and assess their antibacterial action against microorganisms isolated from contaminated food. All honeys studied complied with international quality standards. The data showed differences between multifloral and unifloral honeys in their physicochemical parameters, as well as a direct correlation between colour, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. -Antimicrobial activity resulted from hydrogen peroxide effect. Multifloral honeys with similar phenolic compounds and a botanical composition of eucalyptus and blueweed had greater inhibitory power against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., S. aureus and B. cereus.EEA FamailláFil: Ramos, Ornella Yolanda. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Salomon, Virginia María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Libonatti, Carina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Cepeda, Rosana. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto Multidisciplinario Sobre Ecosistemas y Desarrollo Sustentable; ArgentinaFil: Maldonado, Luis Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Basualdo, Marina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentin

Conversion of High and Low Pollen Protein Diets Into Protein in Worker Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Adequate protein levels are necessary to maintain strong honey bee [Apis mellifera (L.)] colonies. The aim of this study was to quantify how pollens with different crude protein contents inßuence protein stores within individual honey bees. Caged bees were fed one of three diets, consisting of highÐprotein-content pollen, lowÐprotein-content pollen, or protein-free diet as control; measurements were made based on protein content in hemolymph and fat body, fat body weight, and body weight. Vitellogenin in hemolymph was also measured. Bees fed with high crude protein diet had signiÞcantly higher levels of protein in hemolymph and fat bodies. Caged bees did not increase pollen consumption to compensate for the lower protein in the diet, and ingesting 4 mg of protein per bee could achieve levels of 20 g/ l protein in hemolymph. Worker bees fed with low crude protein diet took more time in reaching similar protein content of the bees that were fed with high crude protein diet. The data showed that fat bodies and body weight were not efÞcient methods of measuring the protein status of bees. The determination of total protein or vitellogenin concentration in the hemolymph from 13-d-old bees and protein concentration of fat bodies from 9-d-old bees could be good indicators of nutritional status of honey bees.Fil: Basualdo, Marina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Barragán, Santiago. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Vanagas, Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: García, C.. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Solana, Hugo Daniel. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Edgardo Mario. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bedascarrasbure, Enrique Luciano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentin

The use of propolis as a functional food ingredient: A review

Background: Propolis is a resinous product collected by bees from different plant species that contains numerous compounds with biological activity like antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, among others. These properties make propolis the ideal candidate to be used as a functional ingredient in foods, beyond its known use as an additive. Scope and approach: This article provides a review of the latest papers about the chemical composition (especially polyphenols, flavonoids and terpenes), antimicrobial activity and antioxidant properties of propolis as a functional food ingredient. Besides, this article also reviews the newest technologies developed to incorporate propolis in food systems keeping its antioxidant properties and masking its off-flavour. Key findings and conclusions: Despite the differences in the chemical composition of propolis from all over the world, all of them show antioxidant and pharmacological activity making propolis an attractive natural product to be included in foods as a functional ingredient. Many researchers have proposed the use of encapsulation techniques like spray drying, which allows transforming the ethanolic propolis extract into an easily-handled alcohol-free powder appropriate to be incorporated in food systems. The inclusion of propolis in nanoparticles, biopolymers films and sucrose matrix is also promising. Based on the papers reviewed, further studies are needed relating the incorporation of propolis in foodstuffs, the dose at which its antioxidant or biological properties are effective and the sensory properties of the final product.Fil: Irigoiti, Yanet. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Navarro, Alba Sofia del Rosario. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Yamul, Diego Karim. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Tecnologia y Calidad de los Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Libonatti, Claudia Carina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Tecnologia y Calidad de los Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Tabera, Anahi. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Tecnologia y Calidad de los Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Basualdo, Marina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Tecnologia y Calidad de los Alimentos; Argentin

Development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and a direct LAMP for the specific detection of Nosema ceranae, a parasite of honey bees

Nosema ceranae is a ubiquitous microsporidian pathogen infecting the midgut of honey bees. The infection causes bee nosemosis, a disease associated with malnutrition, dysentery, and lethargic behavior, and results in considerable economic losses in apiculture. The use of a rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive DNA-based molecular detection method assists in the surveillance and eventual control of this pathogen. To this end, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay targeting the single-copy gene encoding the polar tube protein 3 (PTP3) has been developed. Genomic DNA of N. ceranae–infected forager bees sampled from distant geographic regions could be reliably amplified using the established LAMP assay. The N. ceranae-LAMP showed higher sensitivity than a classical reference PCR (98.6 vs 95.7%), when both approaches were applied to the detection of N. ceranae. LAMP detected a ten-fold lower infection rate than the reference PCR (1 pg vs 10 pg genomic DNA, respectively). In addition, we show highly specific and sensitive detection of N. ceranae from spore preparations in a direct LAMP format. No cross-reactions with genomic DNA and/or spores from N. apis, often co-infecting A. mellifera, or from N. bombi, infecting bumble bees, were observed. This low-cost and time-saving molecular detection method can be easily applied in simple laboratory settings, facilitating a rapid detection of N. ceranae in honey bees in epidemiological studies, surveillance and control, as well as evaluation of therapeutic measures against nosemosis.Fil: Lannutti, Lucas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Morón; ArgentinaFil: Mira, Anabela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigacion En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas. Instituto de Patobiologia Veterinaria. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Patobiologia Veterinaria.; ArgentinaFil: Basualdo, Marina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Graciela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Erler, Silvio. Julius Maximilians Universitat Wurzburg. Biozentrum; AlemaniaFil: Silva, Victoria Catalina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigacion En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas. Instituto de Patobiologia Veterinaria. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Patobiologia Veterinaria.; ArgentinaFil: Gisder, Sebastian. Institute for Bee Research; AlemaniaFil: Genersch, Elke. Institute for Bee Research; AlemaniaFil: Jacobsen, Monica Ofelia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigacion En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas. Instituto de Patobiologia Veterinaria. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Patobiologia Veterinaria.; ArgentinaFil: Schnittger, Leonhard. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigacion En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas. Instituto de Patobiologia Veterinaria. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Patobiologia Veterinaria.; Argentin