Commentary on 'Obliterating Endo-aneurysmorrhaphy with Stent Graft Preservation for Treatment of Type II Progressive Endoleak'

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"could four dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasounds replace computed tomography angiography during follow-up of fenestrated endografts? Results of a preliminary experience"

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Alas, ALARA! Why the (con)fusion?

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Improving Care of Mycotic Aneurysms: Can We Identify the Ideal Endovascular Candidate?

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"could four dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasounds replace computed tomography angiography during follow-up of fenestrated endografts? Results of a preliminary experience"

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No Survival Benefit for Patients Compliant with EVAR Follow Up: Bias or The End of Follow Up As We Know It?

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Self-aggregation of hydrophobically modified dextrin and their interaction with surfactant

A series of newly hydrophobically modified polymers (dexC16) with different degrees of substitution (DSC16) have been synthesized. They can self-assemble to form micelle-like aggregates through association of the hydrophobic alkyl chains in aqueous solution. The self-aggregation processes, i.e. the critical micelle concentrations (cmc's) of the polymers were characterized by steady-state fluorescence. Further, the interaction between these dexC16 polymers and ionic surfactants (SOS, SDS and DTAC) was investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). For the studied mixed systems some important parameters can be derived from calorimetric titration curves, such as interaction enthalpies, critical concentrations and enthalpies of aggregation. The critical concentrations and the aggregation behaviour for the dexC16/SDS system were confirmed by fluorescence measurements. The effects of hydrophobic side group concentrations on the interaction were evaluated in detail. Importantly, we show that the aggregation behaviour of the mixed systems depends on the molar ratio of surfactant to hydrophobic side group (R = ns/nside group).Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA IN ANTARCTIC FISH: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH

Foi levado a efeito em peixes antárticos um estudo sobre as ações anestésicas e/ou analgésicas de depressores centrais ketamine, fentanyl e thiopental bem como do anestésico local benzocaina. As drogas foram adicionadas à água marinha aerada nas temperaturas de 1 a 1,5oC. Ketamine (15 mg/L) e fentanyl (50 g/L) não induziram anestesia mas causaram demorada analgesia e sedação. Doses de 100 mg/L de Thiopental foram necessárias para anestesiar peixes, ou seja, em concentração 30 vezes maior do que a dose anestésica usual utilizada para mamíferos. A anestesia ocasionada nos peixes foi longa - de 3 a 4 horas - e difícil de ser controlada. Um dos peixes utilizados na experimentação permaneceu em estado de comatose por quatro dias com sobrevida. Benzocaina em doses de 100 mg/L foi eficiente para anestesiar peixes dentro de 6 a 8 minutos após a sua administração. A anestesia, neste caso, teve duração de 15 a 20 minutos acompanhada de pequena depressão respiratória. Abstract It was studied in Antarctic fishes the anesthetic and/or analgesic actions of central depressors ketamine, fentanyl and thiopental as well as the local anesthetic benzocaine. The drugs were added to aerated marine water at temperatures of 1-1.5 C. Ketamine (15 mg/L) and fentanyl (50 g/L) failed in inducing anesthesia but caused a long lasting analgesia and sedation. Thiopental was required in doses of 100 mg/L to anesthetize the fishes, that is, about 30 times higher than the usual anesthetic dose for mammals. The anesthesia was long lasting, that is, 3-4 h, and difficult to control. One fish remained in a comatose state for four days with survival. Benzocaine in doses of 100 mg/L was successful in anesthetizing the fishes within 6-8 min, anesthesia lasting for 15-20 min, with a minor respiratory depression