1,951 research outputs found
Cytochrome oxidase subunit VI of Trypanosoma brucei is imported without a cleaved presequence and is developmentally regulated at both RNA and protein levels
Mitochondrial respiration in the African trypanosome undergoes dramatic developmental stage regulation. This requires co-ordinated control of components encoded by both the nuclear genome and the kinetoplast, the unusual mitochondrial genome of these parasites. As a model for understanding the co-ordination of these genomes, we have examined the regulation and mitochondrial import of a nuclear-encoded component of the cytochrome oxidase complex, cytochrome oxidase subunit VI (COXVI). By generating transgenic trypanosomes expressing intact or mutant forms of this protein, we demonstrate that COXVI is not imported using a conventional cleaved presequence and show that sequences at the N-terminus of the protein are necessary for correct mitochondrial sorting. Analyses of endogenous and transgenic COXVI mRNA and protein expression in parasites undergoing developmental stage differentiation demonstrates a temporal order of control involving regulation in the abundance of, first, mRNA and then protein. This represents the first dissection of the regulation and import of a nuclear-encoded protein into the cytochrome oxidase complex in these organisms, which were among the earliest eukaryotes to possess a mitochondrion
Multiqubit symmetric states with high geometric entanglement
We propose a detailed study of the geometric entanglement properties of pure
symmetric N-qubit states, focusing more particularly on the identification of
symmetric states with a high geometric entanglement and how their entanglement
behaves asymptotically for large N. We show that much higher geometric
entanglement with improved asymptotical behavior can be obtained in comparison
with the highly entangled balanced Dicke states studied previously. We also
derive an upper bound for the geometric measure of entanglement of symmetric
states. The connection with the quantumness of a state is discussed
Description and Predictive Factors of individual outcomes in a refugee camp based mental health intervention (Beirut, Lebanon)
There is little evidence on the effectiveness of services for the care of people with mental disorders among refugee populations. Médecins sans Frontières (MSF) has established a mental health centre in a mixed urban-refugee population in Beirut to respond to the significant burden of mental health problems. Patients received comprehensive care through a multidisciplinary team. A cohort of people with common and severe mental disorders has been analysed between December 2008 and June 2011 to evaluate individual outcomes of treatment in terms of functionality
Alzheimer disease genetic risk factor APOE e4, and cognitive abilities in 111,739 UK Biobank participants
Background: the apolipoprotein (APOE) e4 locus is a genetic risk factor for dementia. Carriers of the e4 allele may be more
vulnerable to conditions that are independent risk factors for cognitive decline, such as cardiometabolic diseases.
Objective: we tested whether any association with APOE e4 status on cognitive ability was larger in older ages or in those
with cardiometabolic diseases.
Subjects: UK Biobank includes over 500,000 middle- and older aged adults who have undergone detailed medical and cognitive
phenotypic assessment. Around 150,000 currently have genetic data. We examined 111,739 participants with complete
genetic and cognitive data.
Methods: baseline cognitive data relating to information processing speed, memory and reasoning were used. We tested for
interactions with age and with the presence versus absence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertension.
Results: in several instances, APOE e4 dosage interacted with older age and disease presence to affect cognitive scores. When
adjusted for potentially confounding variables, there was no APOE e4 effect on the outcome variables.
Conclusions: future research in large independent cohorts should continue to investigate this important question, which has
potential implications for aetiology related to dementia and cognitive impairment
Alternative discourses in Southeast Asia
This article brings into focus the question of alternative discourses in the
social sciences. Alternative discourses are works that attempt to debunk ideas
that have become entrenched in the social sciences, partly as a result of colonialism
and the continuing Eurocentrism in the social sciences. In the context
of Southeast Asia as well as much of the non-Western world, alternative discourses
in the social sciences could also be referred to collectively as counter-
Eurocentric social science. This paper discusses the emergence of alternative
discourses in Southeast Asia, the defintion of alternative discourse, and the
future of these discourses in our regio
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