The effect of emigration on home-country political institutions

The number of immigrants from developing countries living in richer, more developed countries has increased substantially during the last decades. At the same time, the quality of institutions in developing countries has also improved. The data thus suggest a close positive correlation between average emigration rates and institutional quality. Recent empirical literature investigates whether international migration can be an important factor for institutional development. Overall, the findings indicate that emigration to institutionally developed countries induces a positive effect on home-country institutions

Fatigue life of electrodischarge drilled Inconel 718

The machining of complex shapes in difficult-to-cut materials is hardly achieved by traditional metal cutting. Particularly small deep holes are often a cause for premature tool failure or even a technological frontier. Yet, the use of Nickel-based alloys is common in high-temperature and aerospace applications, where thin shapes and deep holes are often required. In these cases non-contact processes, such as electrodischarge (ED) drilling, may be the only viable manufacturing solution. Morphology of ED machined surfaces is significantly different than obtained by metal-cutting operation and is known to jeopardize fatigue strength, but the extent needs to be gauged and related to the process parameters. The paper addresses the effect of ED drilled holes (0.8 mm diameter, aspect ratio 10) on the fatigue life of Inconel 718. Rotating bending fatigue tests are executed on specimens drilled under two ED setups, as well as with a traditional cutting tool. Specimens free from holes are fatigued under the same conditions for comparison. Extremal ED parameters are selected based on previous studies: conditions for best surface finish are contrasted with those for highest productivity. S-N curves show that the ED process causes a decrease of the fatigue resistance with respect to traditional drilling, whereas the effect of different ED setups is negligible. Maximum productivity can thus be pursued with no threat to fatigue performance. The fatigue limit variation is quantified by using the superposition effect principle: ED drilling causes an increase of the stress concentration factor around 25% if compared to traditional drilling. The macroscopic fatigue behavior is integrated with a study of the effects of the different drilling processes in the micro-scale, by means of a microstructural and fractographic analysis

The cement of civil society. Polity and Policymaking

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Precarious voice?: Types of "political citizens" and repertoires of action among European youth

In spite of cross national differences, one of the most relevant concerns for young European people nowadays, is represented by job insecurity. In this contribution, the authors aim to shed light on the triggering role of job precariousness and unemployment on individual repertoires of political actions among young people in three European cities (Lyon in France, Turin in Italy, Cologne in Germany). Theoretically, the paper addresses the existing limitations in the literature on precarious workers' political participation by proposing a new comprehensive framework which includes a broad set of actions, including institutionalized and non-institutionalized forms of political action (e.g. petitions, public demonstrations, disruptive actions). Empirically, a quantitative descriptive technique - Latent Class Cluster Analysis (LCCA)- is deployed allowing to take into account different variables (e.g. socio-demographic conditions, educational attainment, age, employment status and political beliefs) to portray, for each city under analysis and for each "mode" of participation, a set of ideal-typical individual profiles

A policy-oriented approach to co-production. The case of homestay accommodation for refugees and asylum seekers

While co-production has become ever more crucial for contemporary public administration, there is no shared understanding on how to identify the co-producers. Drawing on a policy-oriented approach to co-production, this article develops a theoretical framework to identify policy beneficiaries and policy targets by looking at policy goals. Based on this distinction, we shed light on the different role that citizens can play in co-production, i.e., regular producers, clients, volunteers, or citizen producers. To validate this theoretical framework empirically, the article analyses different homestay-accommodation projects for refugees. Our findings will help scholars and practitioners to identify co-producers more accurately

Political Participation by the Deprived: A Comparative Analysis in Political Behavior by Unemployed Young Adults

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Frēstyl: Simplifying the Process of Promoting and Discovering Local Live Music

In this paper, we present a new service for web and iPhone for promoting and discovering live music, frēstyl. We will show how frēstyl addresses and attempts to solve the problem that emerging musicians, local promoters and small/medium venues face when publicizing their events, both on a local and global level, and the problem that music fans face when trying to gather a complete but not overwhelming understanding of local and global live music events

Precarious Voices? Types of “Political Citizens” and Repertoires of Action among European Youth

This article’s goal is to explore the existence of ‘political citizens’ profiles across three European cities (Turin, Cologne and Lyon) and to ascertain the role of an unstable occupational status on the repertoires of action deployed. For this purpose, a technique called latent class cluster analysis (LCCA) is applied to a large sample, including young precarious and regular workers (deployed as a reference group). This technique allowed us to derive five descriptive probabilistic profiles of ‘political citizens’ and their repertoires of action in each city. The empirical findings underline the emergence of hybrid repertoires of action together with ‘single-issue’ or ‘cause-oriented’ forms of political participation. This study represents an attempt to encourage the dialogue between two strands of research in social sciences, namely sociology of work and political participation and to foster the formation of an innovative research agenda crossing these two fields