22 research outputs found

    Fire Prevention on the Farm and Ranch \u3ci\u3eWhat every country homeowner needs to know about fire!\u3c/i\u3e

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    Farm and ranch families have always been concerned with fire. Long distances from fire departments result in longer emergency response times. The lack of adequate water for fire fighting is another common problem. These two factors combine to make fire on the farm or ranch extremely costly and potentially dangerous. America’s rural residents are ¼ of the nation’s population living on 98 percent of the land. Rural residents must give fire prevention first priority in protecting their homes, families and businesses. Fire prevention on the farm or ranch starts with YOU

    Heat shock partially dissociates the overlapping modules of the yeast protein-protein interaction network: a systems level model of adaptation

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    Network analysis became a powerful tool in recent years. Heat shock is a well-characterized model of cellular dynamics. S. cerevisiae is an appropriate model organism, since both its protein-protein interaction network (interactome) and stress response at the gene expression level have been well characterized. However, the analysis of the reorganization of the yeast interactome during stress has not been investigated yet. We calculated the changes of the interaction-weights of the yeast interactome from the changes of mRNA expression levels upon heat shock. The major finding of our study is that heat shock induced a significant decrease in both the overlaps and connections of yeast interactome modules. In agreement with this the weighted diameter of the yeast interactome had a 4.9-fold increase in heat shock. Several key proteins of the heat shock response became centers of heat shock-induced local communities, as well as bridges providing a residual connection of modules after heat shock. The observed changes resemble to a "stratus-cumulus" type transition of the interactome structure, since the unstressed yeast interactome had a globally connected organization, similar to that of stratus clouds, whereas the heat shocked interactome had a multifocal organization, similar to that of cumulus clouds. Our results showed that heat shock induces a partial disintegration of the global organization of the yeast interactome. This change may be rather general occurring in many types of stresses. Moreover, other complex systems, such as single proteins, social networks and ecosystems may also decrease their inter-modular links, thus develop more compact modules, and display a partial disintegration of their global structure in the initial phase of crisis. Thus, our work may provide a model of a general, system-level adaptation mechanism to environmental changes.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, 70 references + 22 pages 8 figures, 4 tables and 8 references in the enclosed Supplemen

    Following the genes: a framework for animal modeling of psychiatric disorders

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    The number of individual cases of psychiatric disorders that can be ascribed to identified, rare, single mutations is increasing with great rapidity. Such mutations can be recapitulated in mice to generate animal models with direct etiological validity. Defining the underlying pathogenic mechanisms will require an experimental and theoretical framework to make the links from mutation to altered behavior in an animal or psychopathology in a human. Here, we discuss key elements of such a framework, including cell type-based phenotyping, developmental trajectories, linking circuit properties at micro and macro scales and definition of neurobiological phenotypes that are directly translatable to humans

    Reveille IV - 17

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    Student Activities: Mascots: Reveille IVphotograph date: Unknownpostcar

    WFMOS - Sounding the Dark Cosmos

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