Effect of short non-ionic amphiphiles derived from ethylene and propylene glycol alkyl ethers on the CMC of SDS

The effect of the short non-ionic amphiphiles: n-alc. (n = 3-6), polypropylene glycol alkyl ether (CnPOm, for n = 3, 4; m = 1-3) and polyethylene glycol (CnEOm, for n = 3; m = 1 and n = 4; m = 1-3) on the crit. micellar concn. (CMC) of SDS in aq. solns. at 25° was detd. exptl. by measuring the elec. conductance. There is a linear relation between the no. of propylene glycol and ethylene glycol groups and the slope of the CMC decrease with amphiphile concn. The propylene glycol group appears to be more efficient in lowering the CMC than the ethylene glycol group which is less hydrophobic. Considering the polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers as the condensation of an n-alc. and a certain no. of propylene glycol groups it was possible to classify these amphiphiles according to their efficiency to decrease the CMC of SDS: C4PO3 > C6PO0 > C4PO2 > C3PO3 > C4PO1 > C3PO2 > C5PO0 > C3PO1 > C4PO0 > C3PO0. This trend is different from the series of hydrophobicity of these compds., inferred recently from water/CnPOm binary phase diagrams: C6PO0 > C5PO0 > C4PO4 > C4PO3 > C4PO1 > C4PO0 > C3PO3 > C3PO2 > C3PO1 > C3PO0. The hydrophobicity of these compds. increases much more with the addn. of 1 C in the alkyl chain than with the addn. of one propylene glycol group. The co-surfactant behavior of some of these mols. is also discussed and compared in terms of the topol. of their ternary phase diagrams SDS/water/co-surfactant. Some striking differences in the co-surfactant behavior of the studied amphiphiles are found between their CMC decrease property and the topol. of their corresponding ternary systems

Immunothérapie des cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules métastatiques, de la première ligne à la résistance et sa prise en charge

International audienceL’immunothérapie seule ou en association avec la chimiothérapie fait désormais partie intégrante du traitement du CPNPC métastatique. Ce traitement transforme la prise en charge de ces cancers, avec 20 à 30% des patients atteignant une longue survie. Cependant, la progression de la maladie sous traitement est toujours la règle pour la majorité des patients, ce qui soulève des problèmes à la fois dans la compréhension de ses mécanismes et dans la prise en charge appropriée ultérieure. Cette étude examine les options thérapeutiques actuelles et propose des solutions pour contourner la résistance à l’immunothérapie. Les mécanismes de résistance à ces traitements sont également analysés

A divergent CheW confers plasticity to nucleoid-associated chemosensory arrays

International audienceChemosensory systems are highly organized signaling pathways that allow bacteria to adapt to environmental changes. The Frz chemosensory system from M. xanthus possesses two CheW-like proteins, FrzA (the core CheW) and FrzB. We found that FrzB does not interact with FrzE (the cognate CheA) as it lacks the amino acid region responsible for this interaction. FrzB, instead, acts upstream of FrzCD in the regulation of M. xanthus chemotaxis behaviors and activates the Frz pathway by allowing the formation and distribution of multiple chemosensory clusters on the nucleoid. These results, together, show that the lack of the CheA-interacting region in FrzB confers new functions to this small protein

Resected -mutated non-small-cell lung cancers: incidence and outcomes in a European population (GFPC Exerpos Study)

Background: Few epidemiological data are available on surgically treated Caucasian patients with non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) harboring epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mutations. The main objective of this study was to describe, in the real-world setting, these patients’ incidence, clinical, and tumoral characteristics. Methods: The participating centers included all consecutive localized non-squamous NSCLC patients undergoing surgery between January 2018 and December 2019 in France. EGFR status was determined retrospectively when not available before surgery. Results: The study includes 1391 no squamous NSCLC patients from 16 centers; EGFR status was determined before surgery in 692 (49.7%) of the cases and conducted as part of the study for 699 (50.3%); 171 (12.3%) were EGFR mutated; median age: 70 (range: 36–88) years; female: 59.6%; never smokers: 75.7%; non-squamous histology 97.7%, programmed death ligand-1 expression 0%/1–49%/⩾50 in 60.5%/25.7%/13.8%, respectively. Surgery was predominantly lobectomy (81%) or segmentectomy (14.9%), with systematic lymph node dissection in 95.9%. Resection completeness was R0 for 97%. Post-surgery staging was as follows: IA: 52%, IB: 16%, IIA: 4%, IIB: 10%, IIIA: 16%, and IIIB: 0.05%; EGFR mutation exon was Del19/exon 21 ( L858R )/20/18 in 37.4%/36.8%/14%, and 6.4% of cases, respectively; 31 (18%) patients received adjuvant treatment (chemotherapy: 93%, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor: 0%, radiotherapy: 20%). After a median follow-up of 31 (95% confidence interval: 29.6–33.1) months, 45 (26%) patients relapsed: 11/45 (24%) locally and 34 (76%) with metastatic progression. Median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival were not reached and 3-year DFS was 60%. Conclusion: This real-world analysis provides the incidence and outcomes of resected EGFR -mutated NSCLCs in a European patient cohort

sj-docx-1-tam-10.1177_17588359241236451 – Supplemental material for Resected EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancers: incidence and outcomes in a European population (GFPC Exerpos Study)

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tam-10.1177_17588359241236451 for Resected EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancers: incidence and outcomes in a European population (GFPC Exerpos Study) by Jean-Bernard Auliac, Pascal-Alexandre Thomas, Olivier Bylicki, Florian Guisier, Hubert Curcio, AlainVegnenègre, Aurelie Swalduz, Marie Wislez, Jacques Le Treut, Chantal Decroisette, Victor Basse, Lionel Falchero, Gonzague De Chabot, Diane Moreau, Eric Huchot, Audrey Lupo Mansuet, Helene Blons, Christos Chouaïd and Laurent Greillier in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology</p

Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2, risk factors of mortality and the course of illness in the French national cohort of dialysis patients

International audienceThe aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 disease in the French national population of dialysis patients, their course of illness and to identify the risk factors associated with mortality. Our study included all patients on dialysis recorded in the French REIN Registry in April 2020. Clinical characteristics at last follow-up and the evolution of COVID-19 illness severity over time were recorded for diagnosed cases (either suspicious clinical symptoms, characteristic signs on the chest scan or a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 1,621 infected patients were reported on the REIN registry from March 16th, 2020 to May 4th, 2020. Of these, 344 died. The prevalence of COVID-19 patients varied from less than 1% to 10% between regions. The probability of being a case was higher in males, patients with diabetes, those in need of assistance for transfer or treated at a self-care unit. Dialysis at home was associated with a lower probability of being infected as was being a smoker, a former smoker, having an active malignancy, or peripheral vascular disease. Mortality in diagnosed cases (21%) was associated with the same causes as in the general population. Higher age, hypoalbuminemia and the presence of an ischemic heart disease were statistically independently associated with a higher risk of death. Being treated at a selfcare unit was associated with a lower risk. Thus, our study showed a relatively low frequency of COVID-19 among dialysis patients contrary to what might have been assumed