The study of Venus continues

The landing of the Soviet interplanetary station Venera-13 in March, 1982, is described. One of the tasks of the station was to study the composition and structure of cloud layers on Venus. It was established that the cloud layer consists largely of sulfuric acid. Data obtained from other Venera stations are also presented. It is concluded that fundamental similarities can be found in the geological development of the Earth and Venus

Hydrodynamic role of fish squamosal integument as an analog of the surfaces directly formed by the turbulent flow. Report 2: Hydrodynamic function of squamosal integument

The stream flowing round the slowly swimming squama free fish can be laminized with the aid of the external slime coat alone. The slime of the fish with well developed squamae can laminize the stream together with the squamatic integument. Adjustments preventing a loss of the slime during laminization are better developed in the fastest squama free fishes

Development of company’s management framework on the basis of value chain

Purpose: To achieve the highest performance, manufacturers tend to transform their management frameworks and develop growth strategies. Utilizing the value chain concept authors analyzed the elements of value chain in the context of fast moving consumer goods'(FMCG) environment. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study involves outputs of two expert surveys generating the Osterwalder's pattern as well as modelling the omnichannel environment and three basic standpoints - FMCG frameworks. Key success factors and their strength were evaluated. Findings: The results of the study form the methodological basis for improving the efficiency of management of trade companies. The findings indicate a certain similarity of the structure of the standard FMCG implementation systems selected by experts from distributor warehouses with the participation of structured retail and the implementation of standard FMCG through unstructured retail. At the same time, the business model used in the implementation of emotional FMCG with minimal participation of structured retail differs from the two similar options mentioned above in almost all parameters, excluding key activities. Practical implications: Recommendations on the structure of management systems (including the specifics of business models) could be used by manufacturers in the formation of value chains involving the three emerging branches of retail trade in consumer goods. Originality/Value: The structure of value chains based of key success factors on three emerging markets, as well as the features of values chains' management systems were first described.peer-reviewe

Low relaxation rate in a low-Z alloy of iron

The longest relaxation time and sharpest frequency content in ferromagnetic precession is determined by the intrinsic (Gilbert) relaxation rate \emph{$G$}. For many years, pure iron (Fe) has had the lowest known value of $G=\textrm{57 Mhz}$ for all pure ferromagnetic metals or binary alloys. We show that an epitaxial iron alloy with vanadium (V) possesses values of $G$ which are significantly reduced, to 35$\pm$5 Mhz at 27% V. The result can be understood as the role of spin-orbit coupling in generating relaxation, reduced through the atomic number $Z$.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

Италия-2018: Торжество популизма и перспективы выхода из политического кризиса

Introduction. The article is devoted to the origins, grounds and possible consequences of the political crisis in modern Italy. The paper shows that the Italian crisis has acquired a scale that challenges the interests of political establishment of the country and the very principles of the EU existence. Methods and materials. The authors seek a combination of General theoretical and special methods, focusing on the historical, socio-cultural and political analysis. They are based on the analysis of periodicals, as well as using articles and materials of researchers on the problems of political development in Italy. Analysis. The source of the crisis is the protest of citizens against the state authority and strategies of the political class of Italy, which is accompanied by the requirement of institutional reforms and socio-economic policy for benefit of the majority, in order to establish new political rules and form a truly legitimate political mechanism. These demands came from various social groups and led to a number of political and legal transformations, culminating in the “populist government”, which came to power as a result of the parliamentary elections of 2018. The “Populist government” intended to revise many previous approaches in domestic and foreign policy. It is the Alliance of the right-wing and left-wing populists that was entrusted by Italian society with necessary reforms. Results. According to the authors, it is political populism as a possible platform for social and political transformations, along with a number of possible risks, that contains a positive potential associated with the possibility of overcoming ideological divisions, corporate selfishness of Italian politicians and parties, as well as alienation in the relations of the power and society. This approach to resolving issues by the “populist government” will contribute to the gradual resolution of the problems that have caused the long-term political crisis in Italy