10,868 research outputs found
Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking and Decoherence in Chaotic Dirac Billiards
In this work, we perform a statistical study on Dirac Billiards in the
extreme quantum limit (a single open channel on the leads). Our numerical
analysis uses a large ensemble of random matrices and demonstrates the
preponderant role of dephasing mechanisms in such chaotic billiards. Physical
implementations of these billiards range from quantum dots of graphene to
topological insulators structures. We show, in particular, that the role of
finite crossover fields between the universal symmetries quickly leaves the
conductance to the asymptotic limit of unitary ensembles. Furthermore, we show
that the dephasing mechanisms strikingly lead Dirac billiards from the extreme
quantum regime to the semiclassical Gaussian regime
The two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem: models and math-based heuristics
Multiechelon distribution systems are quite common in supply-chain and logistics. They are used by public administrations in their transportation and traffic planning strategies, as well as by companies, to model own distribution systems. In the literature, most of the studies address issues relating to the movement of flows throughout the system from their origins to their final destinations. Another recent trend is to focus on the management of the vehicle fleets required to provide transportation among different echelons. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it introduces the family of two-echelon vehicle routing problems (VRPs), a term that broadly covers such settings, where the delivery from one or more depots to customers is managed by routing and consolidating freight through intermediate depots. Second, it considers in detail the basic version of two-echelon VRPs, the two-echelon capacitated VRP, which is an extension of the classical VRP in which the delivery is compulsorily delivered through intermediate depots, named satellites. A mathematical model for two-echelon capacitated VRP, some valid inequalities, and two math-heuristics based on the model are presented. Computational results of up to 50 customers and four satellites show the effectiveness of the methods developed
SOPHIE velocimetry of Kepler transit candidates. XV. KOI-614b, KOI-206b, and KOI-680b: a massive warm Jupiter orbiting a G0 metallic dwarf and two highly inflated planets with a distant companion around evolved F-type stars
We report the validation and characterization of three new transiting
exoplanets using SOPHIE radial velocities: KOI-614b, KOI-206b, and KOI-680b.
KOI-614b has a mass of and a radius of
, and it orbits a G0, metallic
([Fe/H]=) dwarf in 12.9 days. Its mass and radius are familiar and
compatible with standard planetary evolution models, so it is one of the few
known transiting planets in this mass range to have an orbital period over ten
days. With an equilibrium temperature of K, this places
KOI-614b at the transition between what is usually referred to as "hot" and
"warm" Jupiters. KOI-206b has a mass of and a
radius of , and it orbits a slightly evolved F7-type
star in a 5.3-day orbit. It is a massive inflated hot Jupiter that is
particularly challenging for planetary models because it requires unusually
large amounts of additional dissipated energy in the planet. On the other hand,
KOI-680b has a much lower mass of and requires less
extra-dissipation to explain its uncommonly large radius of . It is one of the biggest transiting planets characterized so far,
and it orbits a subgiant F9-star well on its way to the red giant stage, with
an orbital period of 8.6 days. With host stars of masses of
and , respectively, KOI-206b,
and KOI-680b are interesting objects for theories of formation and survival of
short-period planets around stars more massive than the Sun. For those two
targets, we also find signs of a possible distant additional companion in the
system
Group Theory analysis of phonons in two-dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have emerged as a new two
dimensional materials field since the monolayer and few-layer limits show
different properties when compared to each other and to their respective bulk
materials. For example, in some cases when the bulk material is exfoliated down
to a monolayer, an indirect-to-direct band gap in the visible range is
observed. The number of layers ( even or odd) drives changes in space
group symmetry that are reflected in the optical properties. The understanding
of the space group symmetry as a function of the number of layers is therefore
important for the correct interpretation of the experimental data. Here we
present a thorough group theory study of the symmetry aspects relevant to
optical and spectroscopic analysis, for the most common polytypes of TMDCs,
i.e. , and , as a function of the number of layers. Real space
symmetries, the group of the wave vectors, the relevance of inversion symmetry,
irreducible representations of the vibrational modes, optical selection rules
and Raman tensors are discussed.Comment: 32 pages, 4 figure
SOPHIE velocimetry of Kepler transit candidates IX. KOI-415 b: a long-period, eccentric transiting brown dwarf to an evolved Sun
We report the discovery of a long-period brown-dwarf transiting companion of
the solar-type star KOI-415. The transits were detected by the Kepler space
telescope. We conducted Doppler measurements using the SOPHIE spectrograph at
the Observatoire de Haute-Provence. The photometric and spectroscopic signals
allow us to characterize a 62.14+-2.69 Mjup, brown-dwarf companion of an
evolved 0.94+-0.06 Msun star in a highly eccentric orbit of P =
166.78805+-0.00022 days and e = 0.698+-0.002. The radius of KOI-415 b is 0.79
(-0.07,+0.12) Rjup, a value that is compatible with theoretical predictions for
a 10 Gyr, low-metallicity and non-irradiated object.Comment: accepted in A&A Letter
Characterization of the four new transiting planets KOI-188b, KOI-195b, KOI-192b, and KOI-830b
The characterization of four new transiting extrasolar planets is presented
here. KOI-188b and KOI-195b are bloated hot Saturns, with orbital periods of
3.8 and 3.2 days, and masses of 0.25 and 0.34 M_Jup. They are located in the
low-mass range of known transiting, giant planets. KOI-192b has a similar mass
(0.29 M_Jup) but a longer orbital period of 10.3 days. This places it in a
domain where only a few planets are known. KOI-830b, finally, with a mass of
1.27 M_Jup and a period of 3.5 days, is a typical hot Jupiter. The four planets
have radii of 0.98, 1.09, 1.2, and 1.08 R_Jup, respectively. We detected no
significant eccentricity in any of the systems, while the accuracy of our data
does not rule out possible moderate eccentricities. The four objects were first
identified by the Kepler Team as promising candidates from the photometry of
the Kepler satellite. We establish here their planetary nature thanks to the
radial velocity follow-up we secured with the HARPS-N spectrograph at the
Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. The combined analyses of the datasets allow us to
fully characterize the four planetary systems. These new objects increase the
number of well-characterized exoplanets for statistics, and provide new targets
for individual follow-up studies. The pre-screening we performed with the
SOPHIE spectrograph at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence as part of that study
also allowed us to conclude that a fifth candidate, KOI-219.01, is not a planet
but is instead a false positive.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables, final version accepted for publication
in A&
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