Phytochemical composition, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory potential of bioactive fractions from extracts of three medicinal plants traditionally used to treat liver diseases in Burkina Faso

Our aim in this study concerning the ethyl acetate and dichloromethane fractions was to provide a scientific basis for the treatment of hepatitis B in Burkina Faso of these three ethnomedicinal plants. As a result, we evaluated polyphenol content, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory evaluated by lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory and Xanthine Oxidase (XO) activities of aqueous acetone bioactive fractions from three species of Malvaceae (Sida cordifolia, Sida rhombifolia, S. urens). Folin-ciocalteu; AlCl3 methods and tannic acid respectively were used for polyphenol content research. The antioxidant activity of the samples was evaluate using three separate methods, inhibition of free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydramzyl (DPPH), ABTS radical cation decolorization assay, Iron (III) to iron (II) reduction activity (FRAP). For anti-inflammatoty activity, lypoxygenase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities were used. Finally, in this study, the ethyl acetate fraction has shown the best results comparatively to the dichloromethane fraction. Keywords: Polyphenol, Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, Medicinal plants, hepatitis B

Phytochemical composition, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory potential of bioactive fractions from extracts of three medicinal plants traditionally used to treat liver diseases in Burkina Faso

Our aim in this study concerning the ethyl acetate and dichloromethane fractions was to provide a scientific basis for the treatment of hepatitis B in Burkina Faso of these three ethnomedicinal plants. As a result, we evaluated polyphenol content, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory evaluated by lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory and Xanthine Oxidase (XO) activities of aqueous acetone bioactive fractions from three species of Malvaceae (Sida cordifolia, Sida rhombifolia, S. urens). Folin-ciocalteu; AlCl3 methods and tannic acid respectively were used for polyphenol content research. The antioxidant activity of the samples was evaluate using three separate methods, inhibition of free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydramzyl (DPPH), ABTS radical cation decolorization assay, Iron (III) to iron (II) reduction activity (FRAP). For anti-inflammatoty activity, lypoxygenase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities were used. Finally, in this study, the ethyl acetate fraction has shown the best results comparatively to the dichloromethane fraction. Keywords: Polyphenol, Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, Medicinal plants, hepatitis B

The MOSDEF Survey: Kinematic and Structural Evolution of Star-Forming Galaxies at 1.4≤z≤3.81.4\leq z\leq 3.8

We present ionized gas kinematics for 681 galaxies at $z\sim 1.4-3.8$ from the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey, measured using models which account for random galaxy-slit misalignments together with structural parameters derived from CANDELS Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging. Kinematics and sizes are used to derive dynamical masses. Baryonic masses are estimated from stellar masses and inferred gas masses from dust-corrected star formation rates (SFRs) and the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation. We measure resolved rotation for 105 galaxies. For the remaining 576 galaxies we use models based on HST imaging structural parameters together with integrated velocity dispersions and baryonic masses to statistically constrain the median ratio of intrinsic ordered to disordered motion, $V/\sigma_{V,0}$. We find that $V/\sigma_{V,0}$ increases with increasing stellar mass and decreasing specific SFR (sSFR). These trends may reflect marginal disk stability, where systems with higher gas fractions have thicker disks. For galaxies with detected rotation we assess trends between their kinematics and mass, sSFR, and baryon surface density ($\Sigma_{\mathrm{bar},e}$). Intrinsic dispersion correlates most with $\Sigma_{\mathrm{bar},e}$ and velocity correlates most with mass. By comparing dynamical and baryonic masses, we find that galaxies at $z\sim 1.4-3.8$ are baryon dominated within their effective radii ($R_E$), with Mdyn/Mbaryon increasing over time. The inferred baryon fractions within $R_E$, $f_{\mathrm{bar}}$, decrease over time, even at fixed mass, size, or surface density. At fixed redshift, $f_{\mathrm{bar}}$ does not appear to vary with stellar mass but increases with decreasing $R_E$ and increasing $\Sigma_{\mathrm{bar},e}$. For galaxies at $z\geq2$, the median inferred baryon fractions generally exceed 100%. We discuss possible explanations and future avenues to resolve this tension.Comment: Accepted to ApJ. Added Figure 9, corrected sample size (main results unchanged). 28 pages, 13 figure

Grazing intensity as a strategy to mitigate methane in native grassland.

Ruminants, thank to symbiotic microorganisms, are particularly efficient in transforming vegetal fiber to protein destined to human feeding.Coordenador: Roberto Giolo de Almeida. II SIGEE

Inequality, Fiscal Capacity and the Political Regime: Lessons from the Post-Communist Transition

Using panel data for twenty-seven post-communist economies between 1987-2003, we examine the nexus of relationships between inequality, fiscal capacity (defined as the ability to raise taxes efficiently) and the political regime. Investigating the impact of political reform we find that full political freedom is associated with lower levels of income inequality. Under more oligarchic (authoritarian) regimes, the level of inequality is conditioned by the state’s fiscal capacity. Specifically, oligarchic regimes with more developed fiscal systems are able to defend the prevailing vested interests at a lower cost in terms of social injustice. This empirical finding is consistent with the model developed by Acemoglu (2006). We also find that transition countries undertaking early macroeconomic stabilisation now enjoy lower levels of inequality; we confirm that education fosters equality and the suggestion of Commander et al (1999) that larger countries are prone to higher levels of inequality.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57211/1/wp831 .pd

The effects of immigration on wages: An application of the structural skill-cell approach

This paper investigates how recent immigration inflows from 2002 to 2008 have affected wages in Switzerland. This period is of particular interest as it marks the time during which the bilateral agreement with the EU on the free cross-border movement of workers has been effective. Since different types of workers are likely to be unevenly affected by recent immigration inflows, we follow the ”structural skill-cell approach” as for example employed by Borjas (2003) and Ottaviano and Peri (2008). This paper provides two main contributions. First, we estimate empirically the elasticities of substitution between different types of workers in Switzerland. Our results suggest that natives and immigrants are imperfect substitutes. Regarding different skill levels, the estimates indicate that workers are imperfect substitutes across broad education groups and across different experience groups. Second, the estimated elasticities of substitution are used to simulate the impact on domestic wages using the actual immigration inflows from 2002 to 2008. For the long run, the simulations produce some notable distributional consequences across different types of workers: While previous immigrants incur wage losses (−1.6%), native workers are not negatively affected on average (+0.4%). In the short run, immigration has a negative macroeconomic effect on the average wage, which, however, gradually dies out in the process of capital adjustment

Universal features in the growth dynamics of complex organizations

We analyze the fluctuations in the gross domestic product (GDP) of 152 countries for the period 1950--1992. We find that (i) the distribution of annual growth rates for countries of a given GDP decays with ``fatter'' tails than for a Gaussian, and (ii) the width of the distribution scales as a power law of GDP with a scaling exponent $\beta \approx 0.15$. Both findings are in surprising agreement with results on firm growth. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the evolution of organizations with complex structure is governed by similar growth mechanisms.Comment: 4 pages, 7 ps figures, using Latex2e with epsf rotate and multicol style files. Submitted to PR