An Impact Analysis of the Forest Occupancy Management Project: Doña Remedios Trinidad, Bulacan

This article is a product of a nine-month training and application program implemented by the micro component of the Economic and Social Impact Analysis/Women in Development (ESIA/WID) and the Food Systems Program of the East-West Center Resource Systems Institute (RSI). It focuses on two primary areas of concern: the cooperator’s income structure before and after joining the program and the actual resource conservation/depletion as a direct offshoot of the program. It also includes analysis of indirect impacts of the Bureau of Forest Development in the area.forestry sector, impact analysis

An Impact Analysis of the Forest Occupancy Management Project: Doña Remedios Trinidad, Bulacan

This article is a product of a nine-month training and application program implemented by the micro component of the Economic and Social Impact Analysis/Women in Development (ESIA/WID) and the Food Systems Program of the East-West Center Resource Systems Institute (RSI). It focuses on two primary areas of concern: the cooperator’s income structure before and after joining the program and the actual resource conservation/depletion as a direct offshoot of the program. It also includes analysis of indirect impacts of the Bureau of Forest Development in the area.forestry sector, impact analysis

Disparate responses of above- and belowground properties to soil disturbance by an invasive mammal

Introduced mammalian herbivores can negatively affect ecosystem structure and function if they introduce a novel disturbance to an ecosystem. For example, belowground foraging herbivores that bioturbate the soil, may alter process rates and community composition in ecosystems that lack native belowground mammalian foragers. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) disturb the soil system and plant community via their rooting behavior in their native range. Given their size and the numbers in their populations, this disturbance can be significant in forested ecosystems. Recently, wild boar were introduced to Patagonian forests lacking native mammalian herbivores that forage belowground. To explore how introduced wild boar might alter forested ecosystems, we conducted a large-scale wild boar exclusion experiment in three different forest types (Austroducedrus chilensis forest, Nothofagus dombeyi forest, and shrublands). Wild boar presence altered plant composition and structure, reducing plant biomass 3.8-fold and decreasing both grass and herb cover relative to areas where wild boar were excluded. Decomposition rates and soil compaction also declined by 5% in areas where boar had access; however, rooting had no effect on soil nutrient stocks and cycling. Interestingly, there were no differences in wild boar impacts on different forest types. We found that after 3-years of exclusion, belowground foraging by wild boar had a larger impact on plant community structure and biomass than it did on soil nutrient processes.Fil: Barrios Garcia Moar, Maria Noelia. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Delegación Regional Patagonia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Classen, Aimee T.. University of Tennessee; Estados UnidosFil: Simberloff, Daniel. University of Tennessee; Estados Unido

The transition to irreversibility in sheared suspensions: An analysis based on a mesoscopic entropy production

We study the shear-induced diffusion effect and the transition to irreversibility in suspensions under oscillatory shear flow by performing an analysis of the entropy production associated to the motion of the particles. We show that the Onsager coupling between different contributions to the entropy production is responsible for the scaling of the mean square displacement on particle diameter and applied strain. We also show that the shear-induced effective diffusion coefficient depends on the volume fraction and use Lattice-Boltzmann simulations to characterize the effect through the power spectrum of particle positions for different Reynolds numbers and volume fractions. Our study gives a thermodynamic explanation of the the transition to irreversibility through a pertinent analysis of the second law of thermodynamics.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures, paper submitted tp phys rev

El cambio global y los animales de experimentación

La creación en 1994 del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente dio un importante impulso a la política y la gestión ambientales en Cuba. Trascendental cambio institucional, impuso a su vez la necesidad de revisar los marcos estratégicos y regulatorios del país, en materia de medio ambiente. Se realizó una evaluación de las relaciones entre el sector dedicado a la investigación, el conocimiento científico, la inno­vación tecnológica, así como la protección y uso sostenible de los recursos naturales. La industria de la producción de los Animales de Laboratorio, ha tenido su impacto directo en la naturaleza, dígase así a través de los agentes patógenos los cuales se consideran componentes esenciales de los eco­sistemas naturales y juegan un importante rol en la evolución y ecología de las comunidades huésped. Sin embargo, el crecimiento de las poblaciones humanas y la expansión de sus actividades han afectado los patrones de contacto y transmisión entre poblaciones humanas y animales, resultando en la emergencia de numerosas enfermedades que afectan la salud humana, las economías rurales y la conservación de la fau­na silvestre.Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Squeezed Ground States in a Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate

We generate spin squeezed ground states in an atomic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate tuned nearthe quantum critical point between the polar and ferromagnetic quantum phases of the interactingspin ensemble. In contrast to typical non-equilibrium methods for preparing atomic squeezed statesby quenching through a quantum phase transition, squeezed ground states are time-stationary andremain squeezed for the lifetime of the condensate. A squeezed ground state with a metrologicalimprovement up to 6-8 dB and a constant squeezing angle maintained over 2 s is demonstrated.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figure

El cambio global y los animales de experimentación

La creación en 1994 del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente dio un importante impulso a la política y la gestión ambientales en Cuba. Trascendental cambio institucional, impuso a su vez la necesidad de revisar los marcos estratégicos y regulatorios del país, en materia de medio ambiente. Se realizó una evaluación de las relaciones entre el sector dedicado a la investigación, el conocimiento científico, la inno­vación tecnológica, así como la protección y uso sostenible de los recursos naturales. La industria de la producción de los Animales de Laboratorio, ha tenido su impacto directo en la naturaleza, dígase así a través de los agentes patógenos los cuales se consideran componentes esenciales de los eco­sistemas naturales y juegan un importante rol en la evolución y ecología de las comunidades huésped. Sin embargo, el crecimiento de las poblaciones humanas y la expansión de sus actividades han afectado los patrones de contacto y transmisión entre poblaciones humanas y animales, resultando en la emergencia de numerosas enfermedades que afectan la salud humana, las economías rurales y la conservación de la fau­na silvestre.Universidad Nacional de La Plat

El cambio global y los animales de experimentación

La creación en 1994 del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente dio un importante impulso a la política y la gestión ambientales en Cuba. Trascendental cambio institucional, impuso a su vez la necesidad de revisar los marcos estratégicos y regulatorios del país, en materia de medio ambiente. Se realizó una evaluación de las relaciones entre el sector dedicado a la investigación, el conocimiento científico, la inno­vación tecnológica, así como la protección y uso sostenible de los recursos naturales. La industria de la producción de los Animales de Laboratorio, ha tenido su impacto directo en la naturaleza, dígase así a través de los agentes patógenos los cuales se consideran componentes esenciales de los eco­sistemas naturales y juegan un importante rol en la evolución y ecología de las comunidades huésped. Sin embargo, el crecimiento de las poblaciones humanas y la expansión de sus actividades han afectado los patrones de contacto y transmisión entre poblaciones humanas y animales, resultando en la emergencia de numerosas enfermedades que afectan la salud humana, las economías rurales y la conservación de la fau­na silvestre.Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Abordagem Multidisciplinar Em Hormonioterapia Neoadjuvante No Câncer De Mama: Uma Revisão

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and the leading cause of cancerrelated death among women worldwide. Hormone receptor-positive (HR+) tumors represent the most common form of this disease, with more than 70% of breast cancers expressing these receptors. Response and benefit to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) varies according to HR expression, with lower responses in luminal tumors as compared with hormone receptor-negative (HR-) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) tumors. Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NET) is an option for selected patients with HR+ locally advanced breast cancer. Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy has a favorable toxicity profile, and is associated with benefits such as having low cost and being more easily available even for cancer care professionals outside major urban areas or tertiary centers. These factors are particularly relevant, as 70% of breast cancer deaths occur in women from lowincome and middle-income countries. Additionally, NET is being increasingly explored, not simply to allow for less extensive surgery, but also as a scientific tool, with the use of biomarkers to predict outcomes in adjuvant trials and for the individual patient. This review details the current and most relevant evidence about NET for breast cancer as well as the future directions of this field. © 2016 by Thieme-Revinter Publicações Ltda, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.381261562

Glycaemic Response to Quality Protein Maize Grits

Background. Carbohydrates have varied rates of digestion and absorption that induces different hormonal and metabolic responses in the body. Given the abundance of carbohydrate sources in the Philippines, the determination of the glycaemic index (GI) of local foods may prove beneficial in promoting health and decreasing the risk of diabetes in the country. Methods. The GI of Quality Protein Maize (QPM) grits, milled rice, and the mixture of these two food items were determined in ten female subjects. Using a randomized crossover design, the control bread and three test foods were given on separate occasions after an overnight fast. Blood samples were collected through finger prick at time intervals of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min and analyzed for glucose concentrations. Results. The computed incremental area under the glucose response curve (IAUC) varies significantly across test foods (P < .0379) with the pure QPM grits yielding the lowest IAUC relative to the control by 46.38. Resulting GI values of the test foods (bootstrapped) were 80.36 (SEM 14.24), 119.78 (SEM 18.81), and 93.17 (SEM 27.27) for pure QPM grits, milled rice, and rice-QPM grits mixture, respectively. Conclusion. Pure QPM corn grits has a lower glycaemic response compared to milled rice and the rice-corn grits mixture, which may be related in part to differences in their dietary fibre composition and physicochemical characteristics. Pure QPM corn grits may be a more health beneficial food for diabetic and hyperlipidemic individuals