20,997 research outputs found
Improving Performance of Iterative Methods by Lossy Checkponting
Iterative methods are commonly used approaches to solve large, sparse linear
systems, which are fundamental operations for many modern scientific
simulations. When the large-scale iterative methods are running with a large
number of ranks in parallel, they have to checkpoint the dynamic variables
periodically in case of unavoidable fail-stop errors, requiring fast I/O
systems and large storage space. To this end, significantly reducing the
checkpointing overhead is critical to improving the overall performance of
iterative methods. Our contribution is fourfold. (1) We propose a novel lossy
checkpointing scheme that can significantly improve the checkpointing
performance of iterative methods by leveraging lossy compressors. (2) We
formulate a lossy checkpointing performance model and derive theoretically an
upper bound for the extra number of iterations caused by the distortion of data
in lossy checkpoints, in order to guarantee the performance improvement under
the lossy checkpointing scheme. (3) We analyze the impact of lossy
checkpointing (i.e., extra number of iterations caused by lossy checkpointing
files) for multiple types of iterative methods. (4)We evaluate the lossy
checkpointing scheme with optimal checkpointing intervals on a high-performance
computing environment with 2,048 cores, using a well-known scientific
computation package PETSc and a state-of-the-art checkpoint/restart toolkit.
Experiments show that our optimized lossy checkpointing scheme can
significantly reduce the fault tolerance overhead for iterative methods by
23%~70% compared with traditional checkpointing and 20%~58% compared with
lossless-compressed checkpointing, in the presence of system failures.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, HPDC'1
A magnetic damper for first mode vibration reduction in multimass flexible rotors
Many rotating machines such as compressors, turbines and pumps have long thin shafts with resulting vibration problems, and would benefit from additional damping near the center of the shaft. Magnetic dampers have the potential to be employed in these machines because they can operate in the working fluid environment unlike conventional bearings. An experimental test rig is described which was set up with a long thin shaft and several masses to represent a flexible shaft machine. An active magnetic damper was placed in three locations: near the midspan, near one end disk, and close to the bearing. With typical control parameter settings, the midspan location reduced the first mode vibration 82 percent, the disk location reduced it 75 percent and the bearing location attained a 74 percent reduction. Magnetic damper stiffness and damping values used to obtain these reductions were only a few percent of the bearing stiffness and damping values. A theoretical model of both the rotor and the damper was developed and compared to the measured results. The agreement was good
Mesoscale assessments of cloud and rainfall over the British Isles
There are no author-identified significant results in this report
High-Temperature Cyclic Oxidation Data, Volume 1
This first in a series of cyclic oxidation handbooks contains specific-weight-change-versus-time data and X-ray diffraction results derived from high-temperature cyclic tests on high-temperature, high-strength nickel-base gamma/gamma' and cobalt-base turbine alloys. Each page of data summarizes a complete test on a given alloy sample
Lorentzian spin foam amplitudes: graphical calculus and asymptotics
The amplitude for the 4-simplex in a spin foam model for quantum gravity is
defined using a graphical calculus for the unitary representations of the
Lorentz group. The asymptotics of this amplitude are studied in the limit when
the representation parameters are large, for various cases of boundary data. It
is shown that for boundary data corresponding to a Lorentzian simplex, the
asymptotic formula has two terms, with phase plus or minus the Lorentzian
signature Regge action for the 4-simplex geometry, multiplied by an Immirzi
parameter. Other cases of boundary data are also considered, including a
surprising contribution from Euclidean signature metrics.Comment: 30 pages. v2: references now appear. v3: presentation greatly
improved (particularly diagrammatic calculus). Definition of "Regge state"
now the same as in previous work; signs change in final formula as a result.
v4: two references adde
Band Mapping in One-Step Photoemission Theory: Multi-Bloch-Wave Structure of Final States and Interference Effects
A novel Bloch-waves based one-step theory of photoemission is developed
within the augmented plane wave formalism. Implications of multi-Bloch-wave
structure of photoelectron final states for band mapping are established.
Interference between Bloch components of initial and final states leads to
prominent spectral features with characteristic frequency dispersion
experimentally observed in VSe_2 and TiTe_2. Interference effects together with
a non-free-electron nature of final states strongly limit the applicability of
the common direct transitions band mapping approach, making the tool of
one-step analysis indispensable.Comment: 4 jpg figure
Distinct Quantum States Can Be Compatible with a Single State of Reality
Perhaps the quantum state represents information about reality, and not
reality directly. Wave function collapse is then possibly no more mysterious
than a Bayesian update of a probability distribution given new data. We
consider models for quantum systems with measurement outcomes determined by an
underlying physical state of the system but where several quantum states are
consistent with a single underlying state---i.e., probability distributions for
distinct quantum states overlap. Significantly, we demonstrate by example that
additional assumptions are always necessary to rule out such a model.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
How to measure the spreading width for decay of superdeformed nuclei
A new expression for the branching ratio for the decay via the E1 process in
the normal-deformed band of superdeformed nuclei is given within a simple
two-level model. Using this expression, the spreading or tunneling width
Gamma^downarrow for superdeformed decay can be expressed entirely in terms of
experimentally known quantities. We show how to determine the tunneling matrix
element V from the measured value of Gamma^downarrow and a statistical model of
the energy levels. The accuracy of the two-level approximation is verified by
considering the effects of the other normal-deformed states.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
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