8,077 research outputs found
Assessment of the splitting-tensile strength of ZP-306 steel fiber reinforced concrete
El concreto reforzado con fibras de acero (CRFA) es un material con gran potencial de uso en viviendas de concreto
de baja altura, ya que la capacidad de resistencia de los muros está controlada por la resistencia a tensión diagonal. El
artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio experimental para caracterizar la resistencia a tensión por compresión
diametral del CRFA que es elaborado con fibra ZP-306 y con concretos locales. El programa experimental incluyó
el ensayo de 52 especímenes en forma de cilindros. En el estudio se discuten los modelos de predicción disponibles
y se realiza un análisis estadístico para comparar los resultados calculados con los datos medidos. Con base en las
tendencias de los resultados experimentales, se proponen ecuaciones para estimar los parámetros que describen la
envolvente del comportamiento esfuerzo-deformación del CRFA sometido a esfuerzos de compresión diametral.
Las ecuaciones se han desarrollado en un formato versátil para ser incluidas en un reglamento de diseño. Abstract
Steel fibers reinforced concrete (SFRC) is a material with great potential to be used in low-rise concrete housing
because the strength capacity of the walls is controlled by diagonal tension strength. The paper shows the results
of an experimental study intended to characterize splitting-tensile strength of SFRC made of both ZP-306 fiber
and local concrete. The experimental program included the tests of 52 cylindrical-shaped specimens. The study
discusses the available predictive models and shows a statistical analysis to compare the predicted results with
measured data. Based on trends of the experimental results, equations to estimate the parameters describing the
backbone of the stress-strain behavior of SFRC under splitting-tensile strength are proposed. The equations have
been developed in a versatile format to be included in a design code
On the characteristics of natural hydraulic dampers: An image-based approach to study the fluid flow behaviour inside the human meniscal tissue
The meniscal tissue is a layered material with varying properties influenced
by collagen content and arrangement. Understanding the relationship between
structure and properties is crucial for disease management, treatment
development, and biomaterial design. The internal layer of the meniscus is
softer and more deformable than the outer layers, thanks to interconnected
collagen channels that guide fluid flow. To investigate these relationships, we
propose a novel approach that combines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with
Image Analysis (CFD-IA). We analyze fluid flow in the internal architecture of
the human meniscus across a range of inlet velocities (0.1mm/s to 1.6m/s) using
high-resolution 3D micro-computed tomography scans. Statistical correlations
are observed between architectural parameters (tortuosity, connectivity,
porosity, pore size) and fluid flow parameters (Re number distribution,
permeability). Some channels exhibit Re values of 1400 at an inlet velocity of
1.6m/s, and a transition from Darcy's regime to a non-Darcian regime occurs
around an inlet velocity of 0.02m/s. Location-dependent permeability ranges
from 20-32 Darcy. Regression modelling reveals a strong correlation between
fluid velocity and tortuosity at high inlet velocities, as well as with channel
diameter at low inlet velocities. At higher inlet velocities, flow paths
deviate more from the preferential direction, resulting in a decrease in the
concentration parameter by an average of 0.4. This research provides valuable
insights into the fluid flow behaviour within the meniscus and its structural
influences.Comment: 20 Pages, 5 Figure
World Fairs. Special Issue of Anthropological Journal of European Cultures
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Abrupt Convergence and Escape Behavior for Birth and Death Chains
We link two phenomena concerning the asymptotical behavior of stochastic
processes: (i) abrupt convergence or cut-off phenomenon, and (ii) the escape
behavior usually associated to exit from metastability. The former is
characterized by convergence at asymptotically deterministic times, while the
convergence times for the latter are exponentially distributed. We compare and
study both phenomena for discrete-time birth-and-death chains on Z with drift
towards zero. In particular, this includes energy-driven evolutions with energy
functions in the form of a single well. Under suitable drift hypotheses, we
show that there is both an abrupt convergence towards zero and escape behavior
in the other direction. Furthermore, as the evolutions are reversible, the law
of the final escape trajectory coincides with the time reverse of the law of
cut-off paths. Thus, for evolutions defined by one-dimensional energy wells
with sufficiently steep walls, cut-off and escape behavior are related by time
inversion.Comment: 2 figure
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The chimpanzee GH locus: composition, organization, and evolution
In most mammals the growth hormone (GH) locus comprises a single gene expressed primarily in the anterior pituitary gland. However, in higher primates multiple duplications of the GH gene gave rise to a complex locus containing several genes. In man this locus comprises 5 genes including GH-N (expressed in pituitary) and four genes expressed in the placenta, but in other species the number and organization of these genes varies. The situation in chimpanzee has been unclear, with suggestions of up to seven GH-like genes. We have re-examined the GH locus in chimpanzee and have deduced the complete sequence. The locus includes five genes apparently organized in a similar fashion to those in human, with two of these genes encoding GH-like proteins, and three encoding chorionic somatomammotropins/placental lactogens (CSHs/PLs). There are notable differences between the human and chimpanzee loci with regard to the expressed proteins, gene regulation and gene conversion events. In particular, one human gene (hCSH-L) has changed substantially since the chimpanzee/human split, potentially becoming a pseudogene, while the corresponding chimpanzee gene (CSH-A1) has been conserved, giving a product almost identical to the adjacent CSH-A2. Chimpanzee appears to produce two CSHs, with potentially differing biological properties, whereas human produces a single CSH. The pattern of gene conversion in human has been quite different from that in chimpanzee. The region around the GH-N gene in chimpanzee is remarkable polymorphic, unlike the corresponding region in human. The results shed new light on the complex evolution of the GH-locus in higher primates
Overview of progress in European medium sized tokamaks towards an integrated plasma-edge/wall solution
Integrating the plasma core performance with an edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) that leads
to tolerable heat and particle loads on the wall is a major challenge. The new European
medium size tokamak task force (EU-MST) coordinates research on ASDEX Upgrade
(AUG), MAST and TCV. This multi-machine approach within EU-MST, covering a wide
parameter range, is instrumental to progress in the field, as ITER and DEMO core/pedestal
and SOL parameters are not achievable simultaneously in present day devices. A two prong
approach is adopted. On the one hand, scenarios with tolerable transient heat and particle
loads, including active edge localised mode (ELM) control are developed. On the other hand,
divertor solutions including advanced magnetic configurations are studied. Considerable
progress has been made on both approaches, in particular in the fields of: ELM control with
resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP), small ELM regimes, detachment onset and control,
as well as filamentary scrape-off-layer transport. For example full ELM suppression has now
been achieved on AUG at low collisionality with n = 2 RMP maintaining good confinement
HH(98,y2) 0.95. Advances have been made with respect to detachment onset and control.
Studies in advanced divertor configurations (Snowflake, Super-X and X-point target divertor)
shed new light on SOL physics. Cross field filamentary transport has been characterised in a
wide parameter regime on AUG, MAST and TCV progressing the theoretical and experimental
understanding crucial for predicting first wall loads in ITER and DEMO. Conditions in the
SOL also play a crucial role for ELM stability and access to small ELM regimes.European Commission (EUROfusion 633053
First-principles calculation of the thermal properties of silver
The thermal properties of silver are calculated within the quasi-harmonic
approximation, by using phonon dispersions from density-functional perturbation
theory, and the pseudopotential plane-wave method. The resulting free energy
provides predictions for the temperature dependence of various quantities such
as the equilibrium lattice parameter, the bulk modulus, and the heat capacity.
Our results for the thermal properties are in good agreement with available
experimental data in a wide range of temperatures. As a by-product, we
calculate phonon frequency and Grueneisen parameter dispersion curves which are
also in good agreement with experiment.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B April 30, 1998). Other
related publications can be found at
http://www.rz-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.htm
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