BOLLOCKS!! Designing pervasive games that play with the social rules of built environments

We propose that pervasive games designed with mechanics that are specifically in opposition with, or disruptive of, social rules of the environment in which they are played, have unique potential to provide interesting, provocative experiences for players. We explore this concept through the design and evaluation of an experimental game prototype, Shhh!, inspired by the juvenile game Bollocks, and implemented on Android mobile devices, which challenges players to make loud noises in libraries. Six participants played the game before engaging in semi-structured interviews, explored through inductive thematic analysis. Results suggest that the game provoked in players a heightened awareness of social rules, as well as a complex social dilemma of whether or not to act. We conclude by presenting a model for designing games that play with the social, as well as physical, rules of the environments in which they are set

Possible violation of the spin-statistics relation for neutrinos: cosmological and astrophysical consequences

We assume that the Pauli exclusion principle is violated for neutrinos, and consequently, neutrinos obey the Bose-Einstein statistics. Cosmological and astrophysical consequences of this assumption are considered. Neutrinos may form cosmological Bose condensate which accounts for all (or a part of) the dark matter in the universe. ``Wrong'' statistics of neutrinos could modify big bang nucleosynthesis, leading to the effective number of neutrino species smaller than three. Dynamics of the supernova collapse would be influenced and spectra of the supernova neutrinos may change. The presence of neutrino condensate would enhance contributions of the Z-bursts to the flux of the UHE cosmic rays and lead to substantial refraction effects for neutrinos from remote sources. The Pauli principle violation for neutrinos can be tested in the two-neutrino double beta decay.Comment: 13 pages; a reference on BBN bound is added, more accurate result of the work in progress on BBN is presented; a minor typo in eq. (4) is correcte

Heavy Quark Photoproduction in Ultra-peripheral Heavy Ion Collisions

Heavy quarks are copiously produced in ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions. In the strong electromagnetic fields, c c-bar and b b-bar are produced by photonuclear and two-photon interactions; hadroproduction can occur in grazing interactions. We present the total cross sections, quark transverse momentum and rapidity distributions, as well as the Q Q-bar invariant mass spectra from the three production channels. We consider AA and pA collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and Large Hadron Collider. We discuss techniques for separating the three processes and describe how the AA to pA production ratios might be measured accurately enough to study nuclear shadowing.Comment: Minor changes to satisfy referees and typo fixes; 52 pages including 17 figure

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A terminal assessment of stages theory : introducing a dynamic states approach to entrepreneurship

Stages of Growth models were the most frequent theoretical approach to understanding entrepreneurial business growth from 1962 to 2006; they built on the growth imperative and developmental models of that time. An analysis of the universe of such models (N=104) published in the management literature shows no consensus on basic constructs of the approach, nor is there any empirical confirmations of stages theory. However, by changing two propositions of the stages models, a new dynamic states approach is derived. The dynamic states approach has far greater explanatory power than its precursor, and is compatible with leading edge research in entrepreneurship

Onset of Perturbative Color Opacity at Small x and Upsilon Coherent Photoproduction off heavy nuclei at LHC

We study photon-induced coherent production of Upsilon in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions at LHC and demonstrate that the counting rates will be sufficient to measure nuclear shadowing of generalized gluon distributions. This will establish the transition from the regime of color transparency to the regime of perturbative color opacity in an unambiguous way. We argue that such measurements will provide the possibility to investigate the interaction of ultra-small color dipoles with nuclei in QCD at large energies, which are beyond the reach of the electron-nucleon (nucleus) colliders, and will unambiguously discriminate between the leading twist and higher twist scenarios of gluon nuclear shadowing.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

νi13/2 structures in 155Sm and 159Gd: Supporting evidence of a Z=60 deformed subshell gap

Maximal ground-state deformation should occur when both proton and neutron Fermi surfaces are located at midshell. However, subshell gaps that stabilize large deformation can exist at proton or neutron values other than midshell. One such gap may occur at Z=60 in the rare-earth region, as the energy of the first 2+ states in even-even nuclei are often lowest in an isotonic chain for neodymium (Z=60) rather than the midshell isotopes of dysprosium (Z=66). Further evidence of this deformed gap has now been observed by investigating the signature splitting systematics of the νi13/2 bands found in the odd-N, rare-earth nuclei. These were aided by the present observation of the νi13/2 band in Gd159 and the confirmation of the same structure in Sm155 via the transfer of a neutron from a Gd160 beam to a Sm154 target