Ongoing and Upcoming Cold-Water Coral Multi Stressor Experiments

Comunicación escrita (póster) a Congresos• Cold-water corals (CWC) form complex 3-D structures that are biodiversity hotspots. However, the knowledge about their ecophysiological response to global change stressors (i.e. warming, acidification, decrease of dissolved oxygen concentration) is still very limited, as well as their possible interactions with local stressors such as the impacts from mining and fishing activities. • Three long-term, multi stressor experiments will explore the combined impact of several environmental and local stressors based on the IPCC projections on different CWC species across the North Atlantic. • Further experiments will include the addition of particles from mining or sediment from trawling activities to all treatments after long-term experiments finish to study the potential physical damage and ecotoxicological effects. • The results from these studies will increase our knowledge on the potential consequences of global change and local stressors and their possible interactions on CWC species and ecosystems that they form. • The results will contribute to support science-based marine spatial planning for the North Atlantic.European Union Commission Horizon 2020 Programa (grant agreement 818123), FEDER ((ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000140), Ayuntamiento de A Coruña (Spain) and Deep-Sea Biology Societ

Evolutionary Routes in Metastatic Uveal Melanomas Depend on MBD4 Alterations

Experimentele farmacotherapi

Melanoma staging: Evidence-based changes in the American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth edition cancer staging manual

Answer questions and earn CME/CNE. To update the melanoma staging system of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) a large database was assembled comprising >46,000 patients from 10 centers worldwide with stages I, II, and III melanoma diagnosed since 1998. Based on analyses of this new database, the existing seventh edition AJCC stage IV database, and contemporary clinical trial data, the AJCC Melanoma Expert Panel introduced several important changes to the Tumor, Nodes, Metastasis (TNM) classification and stage grouping criteria. Key changes in the eighth edition AJCC Cancer Staging Manual include: 1) tumor thickness measurements to be recorded to the nearest 0.1 mm, not 0.01 mm; 2) definitions of T1a and T1b are revised (T1a, <0.8 mm without ulceration; T1b, 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration or <0.8 mm with ulceration), with mitotic rate no longer a T category criterion; 3) pathological (but not clinical) stage IA is revised to include T1b N0 M0 (formerly pathologic stage IB); 4) the N category descriptors “microscopic” and “macroscopic” for regional node metastasis are redefined as “clinically occult” and “clinically apparent”; 5) prognostic stage III groupings are based on N category criteria and T category criteria (ie, primary tumor thickness and ulceration) and increased from 3 to 4 subgroups (stages IIIA-IIID); 6) definitions of N subcategories are revised, with the presence of microsatellites, satellites, or in-transit metastases now categorized as N1c, N2c, or N3c based on the number of tumor-involved regional lymph nodes, if any; 7) descriptors are added to each M1 subcategory designation for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level (LDH elevation no longer upstages to M1c); and 8) a new M1d designation is added for central nervous system metastases. This evidence-based revision of the AJCC melanoma staging system will guide patient treatment, provide better prognostic estimates, and refine stratification of patients entering clinical trials. CA Cancer J Clin 2017;67:472-492. © 2017 American Cancer Society. © 2017 American Cancer Societ