22,334 research outputs found
Balloon borne humidity and aerosol sensors
Infrared detectors for balloon sensing of aerosols and atmospheric moistur
Covariant Calculation of General Relativistic Effects in an Orbiting Gyroscope Experiment
We carry out a covariant calculation of the measurable relativistic effects
in an orbiting gyroscope experiment. The experiment, currently known as Gravity
Probe B, compares the spin directions of an array of spinning gyroscopes with
the optical axis of a telescope, all housed in a spacecraft that rolls about
the optical axis. The spacecraft is steered so that the telescope always points
toward a known guide star. We calculate the variation in the spin directions
relative to readout loops rigidly fixed in the spacecraft, and express the
variations in terms of quantities that can be measured, to sufficient accuracy,
using an Earth-centered coordinate system. The measurable effects include the
aberration of starlight, the geodetic precession caused by space curvature, the
frame-dragging effect caused by the rotation of the Earth and the deflection of
light by the Sun.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, to be submitted to Phys. Rev.
Time-reversal symmetry breaking in noncentrosymmetric superconductor Re6Hf:further evidence for unconventional behaviour in the alpha-Mn family of materials
The discovery of new families of unconventional superconductors is important
both experimentally and theoretically, especially if it challenges current
models and thinking. By using muon spin relaxation in zero-field, time-reversal
symmetry breaking has been observed in Re6Hf. Moreover, the temperature
dependence of the superfluid density exhibits s-wave superconductivity with an
enhanced electron-phonon coupling. This, coupled with the results from
isostructural Re6Zr, shows that the Re6X family are indeed a new and important
group of unconventional superconductors.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures Accepted Physical Review B, Rapid Communicatio
Transitions among crystal, glass, and liquid in a binary mixture with changing particle size ratio and temperature
Using molecular dynamics simulation we examine changeovers among crystal,
glass, and liquid at high density in a two dimensional binary mixture. We
change the ratio between the diameters of the two components and the
temperature. The transitions from crystal to glass or liquid occur with
proliferation of defects. We visualize the defects in terms of a disorder
variable "D_j(t)" representing a deviation from the hexagonal order for
particle j. The defect structures are heterogeneous and are particularly
extended in polycrystal states. They look similar at the crystal-glass
crossover and at the melting. Taking the average of "D_j(t)" over the
particles, we define a disorder parameter "D(t)", which conveniently measures
the degree of overall disorder. Its relaxation after quenching becomes slow at
low temperature in the presence of size dispersity. Its steady state average is
small in crystal and large in glass and liquid.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figure
Probing the superconducting ground state of the rare-earth ternary boride superconductors RuB ( = Lu,Y) using muon-spin rotation and relaxation
The superconductivity in the rare-earth transition metal ternary borides
RuB (where = Lu and Y) has been investigated using muon-spin
rotation and relaxation. Measurements made in zero-field suggest that
time-reversal symmetry is preserved upon entering the superconducting state in
both materials; a small difference in depolarization is observed above and
below the superconducting transition in both compounds, however this has been
attributed to quasistatic magnetic fluctuations. Transverse-field measurements
of the flux-line lattice indicate that the superconductivity in both materials
is fully gapped, with a conventional s-wave pairing symmetry and BCS-like
magnitudes for the zero-temperature gap energies. The electronic properties of
the charge carriers in the superconducting state have been calculated, with
effective masses and in the Lu
and Y compounds, respectively, with superconducting carrier densities
() m and ()
m. The materials have been classified according to the
Uemura scheme for superconductivity, with values for
of and , implying that
the superconductivity may not be entirely conventional in nature.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure
³¹P Saturation Transfer and Phosphocreatine Imaging in the Monkey Brain
³¹P magnetic resonance imaging with chemical-shift discrimination by selective excitation has been employed to determine the phosphocreatine (PCr) distribution in the brains of three juvenile macaque monkeys. PCr images were also obtained while saturating the resonance of the {gamma}-phosphate of ATP, which allowed the investigation of the chemical exchange between PCr and the {gamma}-phosphate of ATP catalyzed by creatine kinase. Superposition of the PCr images over the proton image of the same monkey brain revealed topological variations in the distribution of PCr and creatine kinase activity. PCr images were also obtained with and without visual stimulation. In two out of four experiments, an apparently localized decrease in PCr concentration was noted in visual cortex upon visual stimulation. This result is interpreted in terms of a possible role for the local ADP concentration in stimulating the accompanying metabolic response
New broad 8Be nuclear resonances
Energies, total and partial widths, and reduced width amplitudes of 8Be
resonances up to an excitation energy of 26 MeV are extracted from a coupled
channel analysis of experimental data. The presence of an extremely broad J^pi
= 2^+ ``intruder'' resonance is confirmed, while a new 1^+ and very broad 4^+
resonance are discovered. A previously known 22 MeV 2^+ resonance is likely
resolved into two resonances. The experimental J^pi T = 3^(+)? resonance at 22
MeV is determined to be 3^-0, and the experimental 1^-? (at 19 MeV) and 4^-?
resonances to be isospin 0.Comment: 16 pages, LaTe
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