23 research outputs found
Impact of Antimicrobials use in chickens on emergence of drug-resistant Campylobacter organisms in humans
The objective of this review is to present the impact of uncontrolled use of antimicrobialagents in chicken husbandry on emergence of drug-resistant Campylobacterin humans. The absence of an Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System(ARMS) in most developing countries of the world, amidst tradeââŹâ˘s globalization ofanimals and animal products, helped in the recent decade in spreading of drugresistantorganisms across the worldââŹâ˘s food chains.The emergence of drug resistance in Campylobacter organisms was associated withtheir transmission from animals and their products to humans. This transmissionof drug-resistant Campylobacter resulted in serious failure of treatment regimensprescribed to infected humans
Modulation of carcinogen-metabolizing enzyme by madinah mint (Mentha spp) in rat liver
Background: The present study was undertaken to assess whether boiling water mint extract (BWME) modulates the cytochrome P450 mixed function oxidase system.Materials and methods: Male albino rats were randomly divided into two groups, comprising 12 animals each. The first group served as control, whereas the second was maintained on BWME (10 % w/v) as its sole drinking liquid for six weeks. Liver microsomal were separated and subjected for phase I and II enzymes (cytochrome P450 mixed function oxidase) analysisResults: The results obtained showed that, BWME caused a significant elevation in the activity of epoxide hydrolase (p<0.001) when compared with the control. However, glutathione S-transferase and glucuronosyl transferase activities were significantly decreased (p<0.001 and p<0.01) respectively compared with control. The mutagenic activity of N-nitrosopiperidine was lower in the minttreated hepatic microsomal compared with the controls.Conclusion: It can be concluded that BWME has the potential to suppress the activity of cytochrome enzymes involved in the bioactivation of chemical carcinogen; hence may display chemo preventive activity.Keywords: Carcinogen-PAH-Cytochrome P45
Signaling pathways regulated by Brassicaceae extract inhibit the formation of advanced glycated end products in rat brain
Background: The goal of this study was identification signaling molecules mediated the formation of AGEs in brain of rats injected with CdCl2 and the role of camel whey proteins and Brassicaceae extract on formation of AGEs in brain.Methods: Ninety male rats were randomly grouped into five groups; Normal control (GpI) and the other rats (groups II-V) were received a single dose of cadmium chloride i.p (5 Îźg/kg/b.w) for induction of neurodegeneration. Rats in groups III-V were treated daily with whey protein (1g/kg b.w) or Brassicaceae extract (1mg/kg b.w) or combined respectively for 12 weeks.Results: It was found that whey protein combined with Brassicaceae extract prevented the formation of AGEs and enhance the antioxidant activity compared with untreated group (p <0.001). Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-Îą) and interleukine (IL-6) levels were significantly decreased (p<0.01) in rats treated with whey protein and Brassicaceae extract formation compared with untreated. The combined treatment showed a better impact than individual ones (p<0.001). The level of cAMP but not cGMP were lowered in combined treatment than individual (p<0.01).Conclusion: it can be postulated that Whey protein + Brassicaceae extract formation could have potential benefits in the prevention of the onset and progression of neuropathy in patients.Keywords: Whey protein- Brassicaceae extract -neurodegeneration -rat
MODULATION OF CARCINOGEN-METABOLIZING ENZYME BY MADINAH MINT (Mentha spp) IN RAT LIVER
Background: The present study was undertaken to assess whether boiling water mint extract (BWME) modulates the cytochrome
P450 mixed function oxidase system.
Materials and methods: Male albino rats were randomly divided into two groups, comprising 12 animals each. The first group
served as control, whereas the second was maintained on BWME (10 % w/v) as its sole drinking liquid for six weeks. Liver
microsomal were separated and subjected for phase I and II enzymes (cytochrome P450 mixed function oxidase) analysis
Results The results obtained showed that, BWME caused a significant elevation in the activity of epoxide hydrolase (
BALANITES AEGYPTIACA PROTECTION AGAINST PROLIFERATION OF DIFFERENT CANCER CELL LINE
Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vivo anti-tumor activity of Balanites aegyptiaca fruits extracts in addition
to its role in cell cycle and apoptosis.
Materials and Methods: Antitumor activities of ethylacetae extract (EAE), ethanol extract (EE) and chloroform extract (CE) were tested
against different cell line Hep-2, MCF-7, HL-60 and HCV29T. Calculation of the IC50 values for these extracts confirmed that the most
potent plant extract was EAE (40 ug/ml) followed by EE (55ug/ml), CE (61ug/ml).
Results: The ethanolic and chloroform extracts showed lower difference in their potency, while the EAE was found to be more active
indicating for nonpolar active principles responsible for the anti-proliferative activity. The ethanolic extract was three times higher active
than the chloroform extract. The results obtained showed that EAE exert a significant anti-proliferative, enhancement of apoptosis and
modulation of cell cycle phases compared with vincristine.
Conclusion: The presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and Phenolics increase its efficiency as anti-proliferative action. EAE has promising
anti-cancer activity with higher activity than EE or CE extract
SIGNALING PATHWAYS REGULATED BY BRASSICACEAE EXTRACT INHIBIT THE FORMATION OF ADVANCED GLYCATED END PRODUCTS IN RAT BRAIN
Background: The goal of this study was identification signaling molecules mediated the formation of AGEs in brain of
rats injected with CdCl2 and the role of camel whey proteins and Brassicaceae extract on formation of AGEs in brain.
Methods: Ninety male rats were randomly grouped into five groups; Normal control (GpI) and the other rats (groups
II-V) were received a single dose of cadmium chloride i.p (5 Îźg/kg/b.w) for induction of neurodegeneration. Rats in
groups III-V were treated daily with whey protein (1g/kg b.w) or Brassicaceae extract (1mg/kg b.w) or combined
respectively for 12 weeks.
Results: It was found that whey protein combined with Brassicaceae extract prevented the formation of AGEs and
enhance the antioxidant activity compared with untreated group (
Hemorrhagic fever in Saudi Arabia: challenge to public health, effective management and future considerations
Background: Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF) refers to a group of febrile
illnesses caused by different viruses that result in high mortality in
animals and humans. Many risk factors like increased human-animal
interactions, climate change, increased mobility of people and limited
diagnostic facility have contributed to the rapid spread of VHF.
Materials: The history of VHFs in the Saudi Arabian Peninsula has been
documented since the 19th century, in which many outbreaks have been
reported from the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia. Despite presence
of regional network of experts and technical organizations, which
expedite support and respond during outbreaks, there are some more
challenges that need to be addressed immediately. Gaps in funding,
exhaustive and inclusive response plans and improved surveillance
systems are some areas of concern in the region which can be dealt
productively. This review primarily focusses on the hemorrhagic fevers
that are caused by three most common viruses namely, the Alkhurma
hemorrhagic fever virus, Rift valley fever virus, and Dengue fever
virus. Conclusion: In summary, effective vector control, health
education, possible use of vaccine and concerted synchronized efforts
between different government organizations and private research
institutions will help in planning effective outbreak-prevention and
response strategies in future
Management of Hyperglycaemia by Ethyl Acetate Extract of Balanites aegyptiaca (Desert Date)
Reactive oxygen species play a significant role in the pathogenesis of retinopathy in diabetes patients. The current study aimed to assess the effect of ethyl acetate extract (EAE) from Balanites aegyptiaca (10, 25 or 50 mg/kg b.w.) in experimental diabetic rats. To achieve this aim, five groups of male rats were included: control, diabetic, and diabetic rats treated with 10, 25, and 50 ¾g/kg b.w. of EAE for eight weeks. Our results suggests a protective role of EAE against oxidative stress induced by streptozocine. EAE treatment produced a reduction in blood glucose levels, HbA1c, malondialdehyde and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in diabetic retina (p < 0.001), as well as an enhancement in antioxidant capacity against streptozocine-induced oxidative stress. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-ι), interleukin (IL-1β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly reduced in diabetic rats treated with EAE, compared with untreated diabetic rats. Analysis of EAE by GC-MS indicated the presence of β-sistosterol. Overall, EAE modulates oxidative stress induced by streptozocine and enhances antioxidant activity, which may provide additional endothelial protection in retina of diabetic rats. These results hold great promise in the management of diabetic complications