Extraction of bioactive compounds from a juçara byproduct.

31st EFFoST. 13 a 16 novembro. Sitges, Spain

THERMODYNAMIC AND THERMOPHYSICAL ASSESSMENT OF HYDROCARBONS APPLICATION IN HOUSEHOULD REFRIGERATOR

The research efforts and development in the refrigeration and air conditioning sector applied to the use of natural refrigeration fluids is not associated only with the need to preserve the environment alone, but has great importance with regard to the latent need for energy efficient equipment. With this perspective, the present study deals with the thermodynamic evaluation of the use of hydrocarbons refrigerants in household refrigeration systems that utilize HFC134a as a working fluid. A theoretical-computational analysis was developed for R134a, propane (R290) and the selected mixtures (R290/R600a 60%/40%, R290/R600a/R134a 40%/30%/30% and R600a/R290 50%/50%) in the standard refrigeration cycle ASHRAE, using the thermodynamic and thermophysical properties provided by the REFPROP 6.0 software. The results of computational simulations between the fluids were compared to find the evidence of the best alternative to HFC134a. In this sense, it was observed that the hydrocarbons reduced the levels of pressure on the condenser and evaporator, along with smaller compression tasks necessary in the system, owing to the thermo-physical properties privileged in these fluids. The use of these fluids is also proportionate to lower temperatures of compressor discharge, increasing the life of this highly valuable component of the system

Doença celíaca: sintomas, diagnóstico e tratamento nutricional.

A doença celíaca é uma intolerância sensível ao glúten a qual depende de um processo imunológico. Ela pode aparecer durante na infância ou a vida adulta, quando uma intolerância permanente ao glúten é desenvolvida. O índice de mortalidade no mundo em virtude dessa doença é aproximadamente duas vezes maior que o da mortalidade por outras causas, com um aumento que acontece predominantemente no primeiro ano depois do diagnóstico da enfermidade. A morte ocorre principalmente devido à presença de malignidades com linfoma intestinal. Pacientes com doença celíaca apresentam sintomas como diarréia, anorexia, desnutrição, distensão abdominal e perda de peso. A doença pode estar associada a inúmeras outras, tais como dermatite herpetiformis, osteoporose, epilepsia e diabetes mellitus tipo 1. No Brasil, a incidência é de um caso para cada 681 pessoas em todo o país. O diagnóstico é baseado nas características clínicas, testes sorológicos de anticorpos específicos e biópsia intestinal. O tratamento dos pacientes celíacos consiste na exclusão do glúten da dieta deles por toda a vida, corrigindo os diferentes graus de desnutrição, anorexia, desidratação, intolerâncias alimentares, carências de vitaminas e minerais. Considerando que o principal fator etiológico da doença celíaca é de natureza dietética, a adoção de práticas alimentares voltadas para a exclusão do glúten da dieta constitui medida profilática bastante eficaz. Assim, cabe particularmente ao profissional nutricionista elaborar e orientar a terapia dietética do paciente celíaco e corrigir deficit nutricionais, excluindo o glúten e derivados da sua dieta

Non-chemical alternative in rice storage: the use of refrigeration for insect control and quality maintenance of paddy rice

Trials were conducted to evaluate the potential effects of refrigeration in controlling insect infestations of Sitophilus zeamais and S. oryzae on stored rice. In the rice storage and processing industry use of aeration systems during winter and refrigeration units under summer conditions can provide a good solution to reduce paddy temperature for control of insects and maintenance of paddy quality; though it is restricted by costs of machinery and electric power. Trials were conducted in a rice mill in Portugal close to the Mondego Valley. A granary containing 140 t of paddy (variety Ripallo) was cooled using refrigerated aeration because during the trials ambient temperatures were too high for successful insect control by ambient air aeration. Sitophilus zeamais and S. oryzae adults reared on brown rice at 28°C and 68±3% r.h. were used as bioassays. Paddy stored in the granary was cooled to below 18ºC from 27 June 2008 to 19 September 2008. The mean ambient temperature during the total period of the trial varied from 12ºC to 27ºC. The moisture content of the paddy in the granary ranged from 12.1% to 13.9% during the same period of time. The total F1 of adult emergence population of S. zeamais and S. oryzae was counted after the experiments. The F1 adult from parent adults of S. zeamais was reduced up to 77%; the F1 adult from eggs of S. zeamais and S. oryzae were also reduced up to 71% and 45%, respectively, when compared with corresponding untreated controls. Refrigeration of the paddy allowed storage for almost three months at about 18ºC and caused delay in rice weevils development. As a consequence, this negated the necessity for fumigation. Although the energy consumed during refrigeration doubled the cost when compared with cooling using an ambient-air, aeration system during the cold season, refrigeration provided an environmentally sound and user-friendly treatment during warm months of the year. Keywords: Refrigeration, Sitophilus zeamais, Sitophilus oryzae, Paddy, Rice mill, Storag

Epidemiologia do vírus da língua azul em rebanhos bovinos.

A Língua Azul é uma doença re-emergente que causa aborto em vacas, queda do desempenho reprodutivo, perda de condição corporal e redução na produção e leite. A ocorrência dessa doença está relacionada à presença de vetores transmissores. No Brasil, apesar da existência de poucos estudos sobre a ocorrência dos vetores dessa doença, levantamentos sorológicos indicam a circulação do vírus da Língua Azul em rebanhos bovinos, inclusive no Pantanal.bitstream/CPAP/55963/1/DOC85.pdfFormato Eletrônic

Pedoforms mapping at the Águas Emendadas ecological station, Distrito Federal, Brazil.

The great urban and rural development of the Distrito Federal (Federal Administrative District) in Brazil over the last 50 years has led to disordered land use and land occupation. To assess the current environmental scenario, detailed surveys of the available natural resources, especially soils, are required. The objective of this work was to evaluate the soils-landscape relations in a representative area of the region, the Águas Emendadas Ecological Station, and map its soil forms (pedoforms) using geotechnologies. The geographical distribution of the soils in the regional landscape was modelled according to the geological, geomorphological and pedological relations observed in the field. Based on this model, the available geological and eomorphological maps of the Distrito Federal, along with the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and slope classification map produced in this work, were used to map the pedoforms. For the scale used in this work, the resulting pedoforms map was considered adequate and can subsidize detailed soil studies and environmental planning