Morphology and histology of the uropygial gland in Antarctic birds: relationship with their contact with the aquatic environment?

Fil: Chiale, María Cecilia. División Zoología Vertebrados. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Fernández, Patricia E.. Cátedra de Patología Genera. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Gimeno, Eduardo J.. Cátedra de Patología General. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Barbeito, Claudio G.. Cátedra de Histología y Embriología. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Montalti, Diego. División Zoología Vertebrados. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentin

Apoptosis and cell proliferation in porcine placental vascularization

The placenta is a highly vascularized organ, indispensable tothe transfer of nutrients to the growing fetuses. During gestation, there exists an expansion of the placental vascular network through active angiogenesis. The aim of this research was to study cell proliferation and apoptosis through high resolution light microscopy (HRLM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) ultrastructure, immunohistochemistry for Ki67and caspase-3, determination of placental vascular area,and TUNEL assay. Crossbred sows placental tissues from approximately 30 ± 2(n =5), 40 ± 2(n =5), 60 ± 2 (n =5), 80 ± 2(n =5), 90 ± 2(n =5) and 114 ± 2(n =5) days of gestation were used. The evaluation of cell proliferation showed the highest%Ki67 values on days 30 ± 2 and 80 ± 2 of pregnancy. Caspase-3 expressed the highest value on day 30 ± 2, while the highest apoptotic indexes were found on days30 ± 2 and 90 ± 2. The placental vascular area was higher on day 80 ± 2 of pregnancy. According to our results, an active vascular cell remodeling by a caspase-3 dependent apoptosis seems to be present in early pregnancy. The increase in the vascular area on day 80 ± 2 would be the result of the intense vascular cell proliferation detected with Ki67. Further studies are needed to understand the complex processes of angiogenesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis that interact in the placenta during porcine gestation.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Characterization of interstitial cells of Cajal in bowel of cattle (Bos taurus)

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) have been described in the gastrointestinal tract of different mammals including humans, horses, pigs, rats, dogs, mice and guinea-pigs. In the present study, ICC were identified in the jejunum of Bos taurus using polyclonal anti-c-Kit antibodies in immunohistochemical assays. Vimentin and desmin intermediate filaments were also determined using monoclonal antibodies. ICC were found in the tunica muscularis either in a palisade distribution pattern between the outer longitudinal and the inner circular layers (ICC-MP) or freely distributed in clusters in the longitudinal layer (ICC-LM). Morphometric studies determined that ICC have a fusiform shape presenting cytoplasmic prolongations. ICC were positive to c-Kit and vimentin antigens but negative to desmin. We have observed and described for the first time the presence of ICC in a ruminant. As observed in the aforementioned mammals, bovine ICC were associated with the myenteric plexus. Nevertheless, the presence of widespread ICC in the longitudinal muscular layer of the jejunum differs from previously described studies of other mammals.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

The fetomaternal interface in the placenta of three species of armadillos (Eutheria, Xenarthra, Dasypodidae)

Background: Placental characters vary among Xenarthra, one of four supraordinal clades of Eutheria. Armadillos are known for villous, haemochorial placentas similar to humans. Only the nine-banded armadillo has been well studied so far. Methods: Placentas of three species of armadillos were investigated by means of histology, immunohistochemistry including proliferation marker, and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Results: The gross anatomy differed: Euphractus sexcinctus and Chaetophractus villosus had extended, zonary placentas, whereas Chaetophractus vellerosus had a disk. All taxa had complex villous areas within the maternal blood sinuses of the endometrium. Immunohistochemistry indicated the validity of former interpretations that the endothelium of the sinuses was largely intact. Tips of the villi and the columns entering the maternal tissue possessed trophoblast cell clusters with proliferation activity. Elsewhere, the feto-maternal barrier was syncytial haemochorial with fetal vessels near the surface. Conclusions: Differences among armadillos occurred in regard to the extension of the placenta, whereas the fine structure was similar. Parallels to the human suggest that armadillos are likely to be useful animal models for human placentation.CNPqFAPES

ESTUDIO LECTINHISTOQUÍMICO DEL ÚTERO DE ALPACAS (Vicugna pacos) BAJO TRATAMIENTO SUPEROVULATORIO.

The aim of this study was to determine the glycosylation pattern in the uterine endometrium of alpacas with and without superovulation treatment. Uterine tissues were obtained from five non-treated alpacas with ovarian follicles less than 4 mm and five superovulated alpacas where FSH, GnRH and hCG was used. Samples from theuterus and uterine horns were analyzed by histochemistry (PAS and alcian blue) and lectinhistochemistry techniques. Fourteen lectins were used and PNA, RCA-1, ConA, DBA, WGA, Swga, GS, LCA, SJA and PHA-L showed different glycosilation patterns in the endometrium between both groups, indicating that the hormonal treatment could affect the expression of glycoconjugates that have affinity for these lectins. Lectins PNA, SJA, SBA, ConA, LCA and PSA showed different glycosilation patterns between the two uterine horns, indicating that the glycoconjugates that have affinity for these lectins can be implicated in the uterine environment during the implantation, which in most cases in the alpaca take place on the left horn. In conclusion, the glycosylation pattern in the alpaca can change due to superovulation hormone therapy.El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el patrón de glicosilación del endometrio uterino en alpacas con y sin tratamiento de superovulación. Se utilizaron cinco alpacas no superovuladas con folículos ováricos menores de 4 mm y cinco alpacas que fueron sometidas a un tratamiento de superovulación en base a FSH, GnRH y hCG. Se tomaron muestras del cuerpo del útero y de ambos cuernos uterinos y se trabajaron con las técnicas histoquímicas PAS y Azul Alcián y con la técnica de lectinhistoquímica. Para esta última se utilizaron 14 lectinas, de las cuales PNA, RCA-I, ConA, DBA, WGA,sWGA, GS, LCA, SJA y PHA-L presentaron un patrón de glicosilación diferente entre ambos grupos, sugiriendo que el tratamiento hormonal influenció en la expresión de los glicoconjugados que se unen a estas lectinas. Asimismo, las lectinas PNA, SJA, SBA,ConA, LCA y PSA presentaron diferencias entre el cuerno derecho y el cuerno izquierdo, lo que sugiere que los glicoconjugados de unión a estas lectinas podrían participar en generar un ambiente propicio para la implantación, que por lo general se da en el cuerno izquierdo en la alpaca. Se concluye que la alpaca tiene un patrón de glicosilación que puede variar con tratamientos hormonales de superovulación

Lectinhistochemistry study of the uterus ofalpacas (Vicugna pacos) under superovulation treatment

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el patrón de glicosilación del endometrio uterino en alpacas con y sin tratamiento de superovulación. Se utilizaron cinco alpacas no superovuladas con folículos ováricos menores de 4 mm y cinco alpacas que fueron sometidas a un tratamiento de superovulación en base a FSH, GnRH y hCG. Se tomaron muestras del cuerpo del útero y de ambos cuernos uterinos y se trabajaron con las técnicas histoquímicas PAS y Azul Alcián y con la técnica de lectinhistoquímica. Para esta última se utilizaron 14 lectinas, de las cuales PNA, RCA-I, ConA, DBA, WGA, sWGA, GS, LCA, SJA y PHA-L presentaron un patrón de glicosilación diferente entre ambos grupos, sugiriendo que el tratamiento hormonal influenció en la expresión de los glicoconjugados que se unen a estas lectinas. Asimismo, las lectinas PNA, SJA, SBA, ConA, LCA y PSA presentaron diferencias entre el cuerno derecho y el cuerno izquierdo, lo que sugiere que los glicoconjugados de unión a estas lectinas podrían participar en generar un ambiente propicio para la implantación, que por lo general se da en el cuerno izquierdo en la alpaca. Se concluye que la alpaca tiene un patrón de glicosilación que puede variar con tratamientos hormonales de superovulación.The aim of this study was to determine the glycosylation pattern in the uterine endometrium of alpacas with and without superovulation treatment. Uterine tissues were obtained from five non-treated alpacas with ovarian follicles less than 4 mm and five superovulated alpacas where FSH, GnRH and hCG was used. Samples from the uterus and uterine horns were analyzed by histochemistry (PAS and alcian blue) and lectinhistochemistry techniques. Fourteen lectins were used and PNA, RCA-1, ConA, DBA, WGA, Swga, GS, LCA, SJA and PHA-L showed different glycosilation patterns in the endometrium between both groups, indicating that the hormonal treatment could affect the expression of glycoconjugates that have affinity for these lectins. Lectins PNA, SJA, SBA, ConA, LCA and PSA showed different glycosilation patterns between the two uterine horns, indicating that the glycoconjugates that have affinity for these lectins can be implicated in the uterine environment during the implantation, which in most cases in the alpaca take place on the left horn. In conclusion, the glycosylation pattern in the alpaca can change due to superovulation hormone therapy.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Lectinhistochemistry study of the uterus ofalpacas (Vicugna pacos) under superovulation treatment

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el patrón de glicosilación del endometrio uterino en alpacas con y sin tratamiento de superovulación. Se utilizaron cinco alpacas no superovuladas con folículos ováricos menores de 4 mm y cinco alpacas que fueron sometidas a un tratamiento de superovulación en base a FSH, GnRH y hCG. Se tomaron muestras del cuerpo del útero y de ambos cuernos uterinos y se trabajaron con las técnicas histoquímicas PAS y Azul Alcián y con la técnica de lectinhistoquímica. Para esta última se utilizaron 14 lectinas, de las cuales PNA, RCA-I, ConA, DBA, WGA, sWGA, GS, LCA, SJA y PHA-L presentaron un patrón de glicosilación diferente entre ambos grupos, sugiriendo que el tratamiento hormonal influenció en la expresión de los glicoconjugados que se unen a estas lectinas. Asimismo, las lectinas PNA, SJA, SBA, ConA, LCA y PSA presentaron diferencias entre el cuerno derecho y el cuerno izquierdo, lo que sugiere que los glicoconjugados de unión a estas lectinas podrían participar en generar un ambiente propicio para la implantación, que por lo general se da en el cuerno izquierdo en la alpaca. Se concluye que la alpaca tiene un patrón de glicosilación que puede variar con tratamientos hormonales de superovulación.The aim of this study was to determine the glycosylation pattern in the uterine endometrium of alpacas with and without superovulation treatment. Uterine tissues were obtained from five non-treated alpacas with ovarian follicles less than 4 mm and five superovulated alpacas where FSH, GnRH and hCG was used. Samples from the uterus and uterine horns were analyzed by histochemistry (PAS and alcian blue) and lectinhistochemistry techniques. Fourteen lectins were used and PNA, RCA-1, ConA, DBA, WGA, Swga, GS, LCA, SJA and PHA-L showed different glycosilation patterns in the endometrium between both groups, indicating that the hormonal treatment could affect the expression of glycoconjugates that have affinity for these lectins. Lectins PNA, SJA, SBA, ConA, LCA and PSA showed different glycosilation patterns between the two uterine horns, indicating that the glycoconjugates that have affinity for these lectins can be implicated in the uterine environment during the implantation, which in most cases in the alpaca take place on the left horn. In conclusion, the glycosylation pattern in the alpaca can change due to superovulation hormone therapy.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Lectinhistochemistry study of the uterus ofalpacas (Vicugna pacos) under superovulation treatment

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el patrón de glicosilación del endometrio uterino en alpacas con y sin tratamiento de superovulación. Se utilizaron cinco alpacas no superovuladas con folículos ováricos menores de 4 mm y cinco alpacas que fueron sometidas a un tratamiento de superovulación en base a FSH, GnRH y hCG. Se tomaron muestras del cuerpo del útero y de ambos cuernos uterinos y se trabajaron con las técnicas histoquímicas PAS y Azul Alcián y con la técnica de lectinhistoquímica. Para esta última se utilizaron 14 lectinas, de las cuales PNA, RCA-I, ConA, DBA, WGA, sWGA, GS, LCA, SJA y PHA-L presentaron un patrón de glicosilación diferente entre ambos grupos, sugiriendo que el tratamiento hormonal influenció en la expresión de los glicoconjugados que se unen a estas lectinas. Asimismo, las lectinas PNA, SJA, SBA, ConA, LCA y PSA presentaron diferencias entre el cuerno derecho y el cuerno izquierdo, lo que sugiere que los glicoconjugados de unión a estas lectinas podrían participar en generar un ambiente propicio para la implantación, que por lo general se da en el cuerno izquierdo en la alpaca. Se concluye que la alpaca tiene un patrón de glicosilación que puede variar con tratamientos hormonales de superovulación.The aim of this study was to determine the glycosylation pattern in the uterine endometrium of alpacas with and without superovulation treatment. Uterine tissues were obtained from five non-treated alpacas with ovarian follicles less than 4 mm and five superovulated alpacas where FSH, GnRH and hCG was used. Samples from the uterus and uterine horns were analyzed by histochemistry (PAS and alcian blue) and lectinhistochemistry techniques. Fourteen lectins were used and PNA, RCA-1, ConA, DBA, WGA, Swga, GS, LCA, SJA and PHA-L showed different glycosilation patterns in the endometrium between both groups, indicating that the hormonal treatment could affect the expression of glycoconjugates that have affinity for these lectins. Lectins PNA, SJA, SBA, ConA, LCA and PSA showed different glycosilation patterns between the two uterine horns, indicating that the glycoconjugates that have affinity for these lectins can be implicated in the uterine environment during the implantation, which in most cases in the alpaca take place on the left horn. In conclusion, the glycosylation pattern in the alpaca can change due to superovulation hormone therapy.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Identification of Paneth cells in the small intestine of alpacas in the first 21 days of age

Las células de Paneth cumplen un importante rol en los mecanismos de defensa y protección del tracto gastrointestinal en varias especies animales a través de sus secreciones como lisozima, fosfolipasa A2 secretoria y defensinas. El estudio tuvo por objetivo identificar las células de Paneth en el intestino delgado de crías de alpacas. Se utilizaron 18 animales de descarte entre 1 y 21 días de edad. Se tomaron muestras de duodeno, yeyuno e íleon, que fueron fijadas en formol al 10%. Se prepararon cortes histológicos con hematoxilina-eosina (H-E) y tricrómico de Masson. Mediante inmunohistoquímica con un anticuerpo policlonal antilisozima se identificó la presencia de gránulos de lisozima. Con las coloraciones no se pudo identificar en forma precisa las células típicas de Paneth, mientras que mediante inmunohistoquímica se observó células con presencia de gránulos de lisozima en la base de las criptas de Lieberkühn de duodeno, yeyuno e íleon desde el primer día de edad; siendo mayor el número en yeyuno e íleon entre los 15 y 21 días de edad. Las células presentaron un área de 129.19 a 147.67 μm2, ejes mayores entre 17.96 y 19.92 μm y ejes menores entre 8.68 y 9.79 μm. Se concluye que las células encontradas corresponden a células de Paneth.Paneth cells have an important function in the defense and protection mechanisms of the gastrointestinal tract in several animal species through secretions, e.g. as lysozime, secretory phospholipase A2 and defensins. The aim of this study was to identify the Paneth cells in the small intestine of baby alpacas. Eighteen culled animals between 1 and 21 days of age were used. Duodenum, jejunum and ileum samples were taken. Samples were fixed in 10% formalin, processed and stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H-E) and Masson trichromic. An anti-lizozime polyclonal antibody was used for immunohistochemistry. Typical Paneth cells were not identified with H-E and Masson trichromic stains, whereas lysozime granules were identified in the base of the crypts of Lieberkühn of duodenum, jejunum and ileum by immunohistochemistry since the first day of age. The number in jejunum and ileum was greater between 15 and 21 days of age. The cell area was between 129.19 and 147.67 μm2, major axes between 17.96 and 19.92 μm and minor axes between 8.68 and 9.79 μm. It is concluded that the observed cells corresponded to Paneth cells.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Identification of Paneth cells in the small intestine of alpacas in the first 21 days of age

Las células de Paneth cumplen un importante rol en los mecanismos de defensa y protección del tracto gastrointestinal en varias especies animales a través de sus secreciones como lisozima, fosfolipasa A2 secretoria y defensinas. El estudio tuvo por objetivo identificar las células de Paneth en el intestino delgado de crías de alpacas. Se utilizaron 18 animales de descarte entre 1 y 21 días de edad. Se tomaron muestras de duodeno, yeyuno e íleon, que fueron fijadas en formol al 10%. Se prepararon cortes histológicos con hematoxilina-eosina (H-E) y tricrómico de Masson. Mediante inmunohistoquímica con un anticuerpo policlonal antilisozima se identificó la presencia de gránulos de lisozima. Con las coloraciones no se pudo identificar en forma precisa las células típicas de Paneth, mientras que mediante inmunohistoquímica se observó células con presencia de gránulos de lisozima en la base de las criptas de Lieberkühn de duodeno, yeyuno e íleon desde el primer día de edad; siendo mayor el número en yeyuno e íleon entre los 15 y 21 días de edad. Las células presentaron un área de 129.19 a 147.67 μm2, ejes mayores entre 17.96 y 19.92 μm y ejes menores entre 8.68 y 9.79 μm. Se concluye que las células encontradas corresponden a células de Paneth.Paneth cells have an important function in the defense and protection mechanisms of the gastrointestinal tract in several animal species through secretions, e.g. as lysozime, secretory phospholipase A2 and defensins. The aim of this study was to identify the Paneth cells in the small intestine of baby alpacas. Eighteen culled animals between 1 and 21 days of age were used. Duodenum, jejunum and ileum samples were taken. Samples were fixed in 10% formalin, processed and stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H-E) and Masson trichromic. An anti-lizozime polyclonal antibody was used for immunohistochemistry. Typical Paneth cells were not identified with H-E and Masson trichromic stains, whereas lysozime granules were identified in the base of the crypts of Lieberkühn of duodenum, jejunum and ileum by immunohistochemistry since the first day of age. The number in jejunum and ileum was greater between 15 and 21 days of age. The cell area was between 129.19 and 147.67 μm2, major axes between 17.96 and 19.92 μm and minor axes between 8.68 and 9.79 μm. It is concluded that the observed cells corresponded to Paneth cells.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria