86 research outputs found
The Conceptual Framework of Intermediary Censorship in Social Media in Thailand
Following the enactment of computer crime law in Thailand in 2007, OSPs and online intermediaries in the co ntext of social media are compelled to control illegal content including content that are deemed lèse maj esté . This situation leads to induced self - censorship of intermediaries, often resulting in overblocking or excessive removal of content to avoid violating the law. Such filtering flaw both infringes users? freedom of expression and impedes the business of OSPs in Thailand. The conceptual framework of intermediary censorship is developed to invest igate intermediary censors hip on the most popular online discussion forum in Thailand on what are censored and why they are censored. The influences and impact s of intermediary censorship are also revealed in the case stud
Free fatty acids from the crude hexane extract of the aerial parts of Heliotropium indicum Linn. Growing in Phitsanulok, Thailand
Sixteen free fatty acids from the crude hexane extract of the aerial parts of Heliotropium indicum Linn. growing in Phitsanulok, Thailand, have been identified after conversion to their methyl esters with boron trifluoride-methanol followed by quantification by GC-FID and identification by GC-MS analysis. They accounted for 95% of the chromatographable components, with 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, (39.7%), 9-octadecenoic acid (32.4%), hexadecanoic acid (14.2%) and octadecanoic acid (5.1%), as the major constituents. A small amount of 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone and 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol as well as a homologous series of n-alkanes present at trace level and ranging from C25 to C31 was also found (see Table 1). The crude hexane extract has been shown to have modest antituberculosis activity (MIC of 100 mg/mL) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra
Advancements in N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) catalysis for benzoin reactions: A comprehensive review from past to present
N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) catalyze benzoin condensation, which is a unique carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction. It entails a coupling reaction between two aldehydes catalyzed by NHCs that produce a-hydroxycarbonyl compounds (acyloins). NHCs have emerged as a potent class of organocatalysts, catalyzing numerous benzoin and benzoin-type reactions. This review provides an overview of the historical development of NHCs and their application in benzoin reactions. Additionally, recent advancements in NHC catalysis, including the use of chiral NHCs, are discussed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state of NHC catalysis for benzoin reactions and its potential for future developments in synthetic chemistry
Synthesis of (+/-)epipentenomycin I and III
A synthesis of (±) epipentenomycin I and III is reported from a regioselective epoxidation of racemic 3-hydroxy- and 3-acetoxy-2-methylene-4-cyclopentenone, respectively, with dimethyldioxirane followed by hydrolytic ring-opening of the resulting epoxide
N-(Ferrocenylmethyl)dodecan-1-amine
The title compound, [Fe(C5H5)(C18H32N)], was synthesized by the amination of ferrocenecarbaldehyde. In the complex, the two cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings are almost parallel with a dihedral angle of 1.36 (8)°, and are separated by a centroid–centroid distance of 3.299 (2) Å. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are linked into a one-dimensional supramolecular structure via weak C—H⋯π interactions between the Cp ring H atom and the Cp ring
Occupational Therapists\u27 Experience of Using Home Adaptation and Assistive Products as Interventions for Older Individuals and Persons with Disabilities in Thailand
As Thailand becomes an aged society it is important to promote advancements in geriatric medicine to provide the best care for older individuals. The right assistive facilities and household mobility equipment are essential for everyday activities. The use of home adaptations and assistive products can maximize the quality of life for older individuals and make life more convenient for those with disabilities. This study aimed to investigate the experience of occupational therapists, using home adaptations and assistive products. An individual interview was conducted with eight occupational therapists who worked at regional hospitals and centers of excellence throughout Thailand using a qualitative study. The results were interpreted through thematic analysis. Five main themes emerged: (1) empowering independent living at home, (2) accident prevention and safety, (3) family financial constraints and barriers, (4) availability and accessibility of products, and (5) matching products with clients’ capabilities and needs. Based on an occupational therapy approach, this study examines Thailand\u27s needs for home adaptations and assistive products, as well as barriers to accessing those products and services. Through a contribution to knowledge and information based on occupational therapists\u27 experience, the laws and regulations regarding home adaptations and assistive products for people with disabilities can be improved. Additionally, the interdisciplinary team and authorities involved in this issue should also collaborate to formulate guidelines for home adaptations and assistive products for older individuals and persons with disabilities in the future
Timing jitter removers of photon detectors
Among various performances of photon detectors, the timing jitter is
difficult to improve because of its trade-offs with other important
performances such as detection efficiency. Such trade-offs have been an issue
in applications, especially for high-purity non-Gaussian-state generation
necessary in optical quantum computation. Here, we introduce a method using an
external fast optical switch -- Timing Jitter Remover (TJR) -- whose time
window limits the photon-detectable time of photon detectors and improve the
timing jitter without sacrificing other performances. By using a TJR, we
experimentally improve the timing jitter of a photon-number-resolving detector
based on a transition edge sensor, from 50 ns to 10 ns. Using this improved
detector, we generate one of important non-Gaussian states, a Schr\"{o}dinger
cat state with Wigner negativity of -0.01, which cannot be observed without
TJRs. TJRs would be the key technology for the realization of ultra-fast,
fault-tolerant, universal optical quantum computer.Comment: 26 pages, 6 figure
Comprehensive treatise of Hevansia and three new genera Jenniferia, Parahevansia and Polystromomyces on spiders in Cordycipitaceae from Thailand
Collections of pathogenic fungi found on spiders from Thailand were selected for a detailed taxonomic study. Morphological comparison and phylogenetic analyses of the combined ITS, LSU, tef1, rpb1 and rpb2 sequence data indicated that these specimens formed new independent lineages within the Cordycipitaceae, containing two new genera occurring on spiders, i.e. Jenniferia gen. nov. and Polystromomyces gen. nov. Two new species in Jenniferia, J. griseocinerea sp. nov. and J. thomisidarum sp. nov., are described. Two strains, NHJ 03510 and BCC 2191, initially named as Akanthomyces cinereus (Hevansia cinerea), were shown to be part of Jenniferia. By including sequences of putative Hevansia species from GenBank, we also revealed Parahevansia as a new genus with the ex-type strain NHJ 666.01 of Pa. koratensis, accommodating specimens previously named as Akanthomyces koratensis (Hevansia koratensis). One species of Polystromomyces, Po. araneae sp. nov., is described. We established an asexual-sexual morph connection for Hevansia novoguineensis (Cordycipitaceae) with ex-type CBS 610.80 and proposed a new species, H. minuta sp. nov. Based on characteristics of the sexual morph, Hevansia and Polystromomyces share phenotypic traits by producing stipitate ascoma with fertile terminal heads; however, they differ in the shape and colour of the stipes. Meanwhile, Jenniferia produces non-stipitate ascoma with aggregated superficial perithecia forming a cushion. A new morphology of ascospores in Jenniferia is described, illustrated and compared with other species in Cordycipitaceae
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