MicroRNA-16 inhibits the migration and invasion of glioma cell by targeting Bcl-2 gene

Purpose: To investigate the effect of microRNA-16 (miR-16) on glioma cell migration and invasiveness, and the mechanism involved.Methods: MicroRNA-16 mimic or inhibitor was transfected into human glioma (SHG44) cells. Cell migration, invasiveness and morphology were determined using scratch test, Transwell invasion assay, and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Expressions of bcl-2, MMP-9 and MMP-2, and NF-κB1 proteins were measured using Western blotting.Results: Overexpression of MicroRNA-16 significantly down-regulated MMP-9 protein in SHG44 cells (p < 0.05), but MMP-2 protein expressions in the 2 groups were comparable (p > 0.05). Protein expressions of MMP-9 and NF-κB1 were significantly down-regulated in human glioma positive cells, relative to negative control.Conclusion: MiR-16 overexpression suppresses the migration and invasiveness of SHG44 cells via the regulation of NF-κB1/MMP-9 signaling pathway, and it directly targets bcl-2 gene by inhibiting its protein expression. This finding affords a new target for developing new anti-glioma drugs. Keywords: Bcl-2, Expression, Glioma, MicroRNA-16, NF-κB1signaling pathwa

Effects of sitagliptin on blood glucose, lipids, pancreatic β cell secretory function and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Purpose: To study the influence of sitagliptin on blood glucose, lipid and pancreatic β cell function in type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Methods: Two groups of T2DM patients (100/group) received either metformin only (control group), or metformin plus sitaglipin (study group) for 3 months. Blood lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose (FBG), indices of pancreatic function and insulin resistance were assayed using standard biochemical methods.Results: The metformin-sitaglipin combination resulted in significant decreases in FBG, 2-h PBG, HbAlc total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), when compared with the metformin-only treatment (p < 0.05). Although there were significant decreases in pancreatic secretion of insulin, fasting insulin, and 2 h postprandial insulin in the two groups, these parameters were significantly lower in the metformin-only treated patients than in those with combination treatment (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Sitagliptin normalizes fasting blood glucose, lipid profiles and insulin secretion in type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Sitagliptin, Blood glucose, Pancreatic islet function, Insuli

Implicit Diffusion Models for Continuous Super-Resolution

Image super-resolution (SR) has attracted increasing attention due to its wide applications. However, current SR methods generally suffer from over-smoothing and artifacts, and most work only with fixed magnifications. This paper introduces an Implicit Diffusion Model (IDM) for high-fidelity continuous image super-resolution. IDM integrates an implicit neural representation and a denoising diffusion model in a unified end-to-end framework, where the implicit neural representation is adopted in the decoding process to learn continuous-resolution representation. Furthermore, we design a scale-controllable conditioning mechanism that consists of a low-resolution (LR) conditioning network and a scaling factor. The scaling factor regulates the resolution and accordingly modulates the proportion of the LR information and generated features in the final output, which enables the model to accommodate the continuous-resolution requirement. Extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of our IDM and demonstrate its superior performance over prior arts.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, published to CVPR202

Catalytic Mechanism Comparison Between 1,2-Dichloroethane-Acetylene Exchange Reaction and Acetylene Hydrochlorination Reaction for Vinyl Chloride Production: DFT Calculations and Experiments

The catalytic mechanism and activation energies of metal chlorides RuCl3, AuCl3, and BaCl2 for 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE)-acetylene exchange reaction were studied with a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experiments. Two reported reaction pathways were discussed and acetylene-DCE complex pathway was supported through adsorption energy analysis. The formation of the second vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) was proven to be the rate-determining step, according to energy profile analysis. Activity sequence of BaCl2 > RuCl3 > AuCl3 was predicted and experimentally verified. Furthermore, reversed activity sequences of this reaction and commercialized acetylene hydrochlorination reaction were explained: the adsorption abilities of reactants are important for the former reaction, but chlorine transfer is important for the latter

Additional file 2: of Stachydrine protects eNOS uncoupling and ameliorates endothelial dysfunction induced by homocysteine

Figure S2. STA improved Ang II or PA-impaired vascular relaxation. (TIFF 258 kb

Additional file 1: of Stachydrine protects eNOS uncoupling and ameliorates endothelial dysfunction induced by homocysteine

Figure S1. STA slightly improved the vasorelaxation in rat TA, MA, and RA. (TIFF 289 kb

Yes-Associated Protein Contributes to the Development of Human Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Activation of RAS.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common skin malignant tumors with an increasing incidence. Studies have shown that Yes-associated protein (YAP) participates in the development of a variety of tumors as an oncogene, but to our knowledge its role in cSCC has not been reported. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to show that YAP expression was elevated in cSCC samples of different stages versus in normal skin and that it was well correlated with the progression of the disease. Down-regulation of YAP in cSCC cell lines A431 and SCL-1 inhibited cell proliferation by inducing growth arrest during the G1/S phase transition, promoted apoptosis, and reduced invasion and migration abilities in vitro. Conversely, overexpression of YAP promoted cell proliferation and protected cells against basal and chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. These oncogenic effects of YAP were associated with activation of the RAS protein and its downstream AKT and ERK. Using a mouse xenograft model, we further showed that YAP depletion inhibited cSCC tumor growth in vivo. Our results suggested that YAP is involved in the carcinogenesis and development of cSCC and that it may serve as a biomarker or therapeutic target of this disease

Mass Transfer Study of Dehydration by Triethylene Glycol in Rotating Packed Bed for Natural Gas Processing

To ensure steady operation of gas transmission lines and meet the utilization specification of downstream processes, gas dehydration is employed in offshore natural gas production, where urgent demands for space and size exist. In this work, a rotating packed bed (RPB) was used to intensify the triethylene glycol (TEG) dehydration process and the effects of operating variables on the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (<i>K</i>_<i>y</i><i>a</i>) and height of mass transfer unit (HTU) were investigated. The value of HTU in a RPB was measured to be 4.3–7.9 mm, which was at least an order of magnitude lower than that in conventional columns, indicating the significant reduction in the size of the dehydration apparatus. The predicted <i>K</i>_<i>y</i><i>a</i> matches well with the experimental data, and the mean relative error (MRE) is only 6.68%