Cultural Traditions in Silapathikaram

Culture has many meanings but it refers best about the land and the spirit of the people. Culture is the refined human emotions. The customs that prevailed among the people from time to time are transformed into cultural traditions. Kundalakesi as a kundalam worn in the ears, Valayapathi as a bangle worn on the hands, Sivakasintamani as a ruby beam shining on the chest showering mercy, Manimekagalai as a pearl-studded megalai, Silapathikaram as a beautiful anklet in the feet,  all these are weared by the Tamil woman as ornaments and they enjoys it. Poet Suthananda Bharatiyar mentions that she wears Sulamani as a crown of jewels on her head and carries the scepter of Thirukkural and rules without any slippage of justice. In this article, we will see about the Silambam (anklet) on the lotus feet of such a special Tamil woman

Deity Worship in Kottai Bommakka by Kumarakesan

Community refers to a specific group of people and a larger group of people living in a homogeneous geographical area. We can call the Tamil speaking people as Tamil society. Through Sangam literary songs, we can know that worship has been practiced in Tamil society since ancient times. A collection of short stories called Kottai Bommakka written by the novelist Kumarakesan is about the worship of small idols and especially about the sacrifice and offerings to God. This article particularly deals about the offerings given to God

A Study on Nilavembu Chooranam (Powder of Andrographis-paniculata) and A Study on Sangu Parpam in the management of Nina Kurarkhmmal

In this dissertation Nilavembu chooranam (NVC) was taken to evaluate its efficiency on neerpeenisam. Botanical aspect of the drug Nilavembu (A.paniculata) was studied regarding its identification description by pharmacojnostic study. In Gunapadam aspect Nilavembu chooranam indicated for treating peenisam which is comes under kapha disease so the idea to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of this drug in Neer penisam patients carried out at Aringnaranna Hospital P.G. Gunapadam Dept. Chennai – 106. Biochemical analysis revealed that the NVC Contains Phosphate, Calcium, Sulphate, Chloride,Iron. The pharmacological analysis showed that the drug has got anti- inflammatory action in albino rats, anti histaminic action in guie pig. Micro biological studies revealed that the drug posses anti microbial activity against Straps-mutans. clinical study 30 patients were selected and treated the drug was administered in the form of chooranam at the dose 1 gm twice a day with hot water after relevant diet restriction and medical advice were given to all the patients. The clinical study showed that the drug NVC is statistically significant in Neer peenisam [allergic rhinitis] and also the symptoms of Sneezing, Nasal discharge, Itching and Nasal obstruction. CONCLUSION: The incinerated Sangu parpam SGP Considered to be KARPPU [Acrid] Taste. Which is Normalizing the Kaba thodam in Ninakurarkammal. Even honey the adjuvant for the drug has expectorant and antiseptic action SGP Exhibition anti–inflammatory and analgesic activities in appropriate experimental models. The delayed anti–inflammatory activity of SGP in carrageenan induced edema may be due to the delayed absorption of activity constituent of the drug from GI tract or a mechanism by which SGP inhibits the synthesis or release of inflammatory prostaglandins from the site of chemical injury (carrageenan) SGP exhibited analgesic activity in the radiant heat method in rats. There is a good correlation of results obtained from the experimental study vi-a-vis the clinical study reported in the thesis. The total leukocyte count and ESR are indicates level of infection associated with infection dropped to normal. Proving that Sangu parpam had influenced the disease state So it is concluded that for the disease Ninnakurakammal the treatment with Sangu Parpam is good in the view of efficacy and safe. It was found that Snagu Parpam is an effective remedy in the management of Ninakurarkamal discus is easily available and economical. It was well tolerated, safe and free from any adverse effect

THE EFFICACY OF SIDDHA MEDICINE BRAMI NEI WITH VARMA THERAPY IN MANTHA SANNI (AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER) IN CHILDREN – A CASE REPORT

Mantha Sanni (Autism) is a Mukkuttra disease that is imbalance of all the three main fundamental principles of Vatham, Pitham and Kabam. Mantha Sanni is a neuro developmental disorder typically appearing in the first one and half years of life and characterised by impaired social and communication skills.. In the all over the world, the surveillance study identified 1 in 68 children suffering with ASD. In India, the prevalence ratio is 1:46. It is about 4.5 times more common among boys (1:48) than among girls (1:189). The higher prevalence rate was observed in the rural area. Socioeconomic status may be one of the fundamental indicators for ASD in India. Autism spectrum disorder is the world most common disorder in Children. In this study, I have to present 3 case reports of ASD children based on the assessment scale. The main course of treatment are Brami Nei as internal and Varmam as External therapy in the recommended dose as per Siddha pharmacopeia for 3 months. After 3 months, ASD children improve the cognitive skills and eye to eye contact Hyperactivity reduced well. Most of the formulation acting on psyche is ghee based. It is well established that the drugs to have its action on brain should have the capacity to cross the blood brain barrier and for the purpose ghee based Brahmi Nei is recommended for ASD in children. Manipulative therapy like Varma is to enhance the mind calming activity with sound sleep, good eye to eye contact and to reduce anxiety, hyperactivity. All the ingredients in both Internal medicines are herbal. So my attorney has to conclude the Siddha management therapy might be good and safest. It will be definitely efficacy in treating ASD children. Hence, Brami Nei as internal Varmam as External therapy may have a role to curing the ASD children

A SCIENTIFIC REVIEW OF MOOLAM (ANO RECTAL DISEASES)-YUGIS VERSION

Worldwide, the overall prevalence of an ano rectal disease in the general population is estimated to be 4.4%. The faulty dietary pattern and life style , hereditary factors are important etiological factors of this disease. As per saint Yugi  Moolam is classified as 21 types based on clinical symptoms and size, shape, colour of the pile mass which includes some of the ano-rectal diseases. The diet and deeds which influences the vital humors Vatham  (Intestinal peristaltic movement ) and Pitham (metabolism and absorption) of food stuffs are said to be major causative factors of this disease. As per Yugis version the following ano rectal diseases under Moola noi have been categorized as, Neer moolam (Inflammatory bowel disease), Aazhi moolam (strangulated haemorrhoids), Sittru moolam (adenomatous colorectal polyps), Varal moolam (colorectal non- neoplastic polyps), Seezh moolam (kaposis sarcoma), Silaethuma moolam (anal warts condyloma), Thondha moolam (rectal cancer), Vinai moolam (irritable bowel syndrome), Powthira moolam (anal fistula), Kutha moolam (rectal prolapse), Ratha moolam (internal haemorrhoids 1st degree -bleeding piles), Mega moolam (gonococcal proctitis), Vaatha moolam (interno-external hemorrhoids), Pitha moolam (prolapsed haemorrhoids), Surukku moolam (anal stenosis), Mulai moolam (sentinel pile), Savvu moolam (perianal tuberclosis). This paper focuses the scientific basis of etiology and classification of Moolam by saint Yugi

IN VITRO CYTOTOXICITY AND GLUCOSE UPTAKE ACTIVITY OF SIDDHA FORMULATION NAAVAL KOTTAI MATHIRAI IN L-6 CELL LINES

The Siddha system of medicine is a traditional Indian system which evolved with the development of mankind and is more of an evolution rather than invention. Siddha system describes the health of an individual as an ideal perfect state of the physical, physiological, social, and spiritual components of a human being. Diabetes is a chronic disorder linked with the metabolism of carbohydrate, protein and fat due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin secretion with or without varying degree of insulin resistance. There is sufficient number of drugs in different systems of medicine for the management of diabetes but the incidence of type-II diabetes is too high. In Siddha system many more traditional formulations are available. Most of these medicines are clinically used by Siddha physicians but have not been evaluated scientifically. Naaval kottai Mathira is a anti-diabetic Siddha herbal formulation which is prepared from the seeds of Syzygium cumini and leaves of Aristolochia bracteolata and it has been used for the management of Diabetes mellitus (Madhumegam). The aim of the present study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity and glucose uptake activity of herbal preparation NKM using L-6 cell lines. The results showed that the test drug did not confer any cytotoxicity and the drug NKM showed better glucose uptake potential. The result of glucose uptake percentage for standard drug Rosiglitazone is 113.26±7.72 and 32.67±4.25 for Naaval Kottai Mathirai. The findings of this investigation concluded that the study drug NKM has anti-diabetic activity in glucose uptake assay

ANTI-HISTAMINIC ACTIVITY OF UTHAMANI CHOORANAM (PERGULARIA DAEMIA) AGAINST HISTAMINE INDUCED PAW OEDEMA IN RATS

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing, pruritic, inflammatory skin disease in children associated with personal or family history of other atopic disease like asthma, allergic rhinitis. Clinically characterized by itching, dryness, erythema, vesiculation, exudation and lichenification etc. The present treatment for AD in modern science is steroids or calcinueurin inhibitors. But repeated course of steroids can cause immuno suppression and growth retardation. The drugs in Siddha system of medicine is well known for their effectiveness and less toxicity. One such medicine is Uthamani Chooranam (UC) indicated for AD. The activity of UC was studied by using histamine induced paw oedema in rats by phenylbutazone. Exposure of rats hind paw to histamine resulted in marked increase of paw tissue weight and skin thickness. After oral administration of UC at various dose levels of 200mg/kg and 400mg/ kg reduce the paw volume when compared to control group. The present studies shown the Siddha drug UC is significantly reduce the paw oedema and this study supports the anti-histamine effect of UC

EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SEERAGA CHOORANAM IN- VITRO ASSAY (A SIDDHA POLYHERBAL PREPARATION)

Siddha Medicine (Tamil Citta- or Tami?-maruttuvam) is a system of traditional medicine originating in Tamil Nadu in South India. The drugs used by the Siddhars could be classified into three groups: Thaavaram, Thaathu and Jangamam seeraga chooranam is a drug under the category of Thaavaram. It is a poly herbal formulation which is mentioned in the text Pullipanivaithyam 500 which has been therapeutically used for Pithanoigal, Kirukirupu, Vaanthi, Mayakkam, Ajeeranam, Kaangai, Veppam.Siddha system emphasis mainly on healthy long life by preventing ageing and degenerative disease with medicines having antioxidant activity. Even though this drug has been used based on traditional knowledge no scientific work has been done to evaluate the antioxidant properties of Seeraga choornam based on various in vitro assays. The study result confirmed that the drug Seeraga choornam has promising therapeutic antioxidant activity when compared with the standard drug. This research work can help for medical practitioners to use this polyherbal compound for the treatment of cancer

A PILOT STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF SIDDHA MEDICINE SEENTHIL SARKARAI IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MOOTHIRAKIRICHARAM (URINARY TRACT INFECTION)

Objective: The present pilot study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of Seenthil sarkarai, a Classical Siddha medicine in Moothirakiricharam (Urinary Tract Infection) patients.Method: This study was approved by IEC and registered in Clinical Trial Registry of India and was conducted at the National Institute of Siddha, Tambaram, Chennai, India. The investigator recruited 20 patients of both male and female with an inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the patients were treated with Seenthil Sarkarai at the dose level of 2 grams two times a day with warm water for 21 days. Dietary regimen was advised for the patients. Study outcome was studied with negative Urine culture and also based on the improvement in the reduction of Burning micturition, Frequency of micturition, Dysuria with fever, Foul smelling urine.Results: The symptoms such as burning micturition, persistent urge to urinate, foul smelling urine, and presence of bacteriuria reduced markedly within 21 days of duration. Out of 20 patients, 12 patients were completely relieved from the compliance of UTI with negative Urine culture. The symptoms of UTI were markedly reduced in remaining 8 patients. There were no adverse effect reported during the study and no recurrence of UTI was noticed in 12 patients who were completely cured.Conclusion: Results suggest that the trial drug Seenthil Sarkarai is effective and safe for the management of Moothirakiricharam (UTI) and in alleviating recurrences

ANTI-HISTAMINE ACTIVITY OF AMIRTHA SANJEEVI KULIGAI (PILL)

Many children suffer from recurrent coughing, wheezing and chest tightness. In pre-school, one third of all children have these symptoms before the age of six, but only 40% of these wheezing pre-schoolers will continue to have asthma. In older school-aged children the majority of the children have asthma. Quality of life in childrens is affected by asthma. Sleep disruption and exercised induced airflow limitation have a negative impact on participation in sports and social activities, and may influence family life. In children and young adults asthma is usually accompanied by allergic (atopic) phenomena such as elevation of the total serum immunoglobulin E concentration. Nowadays the management of childhood asthma is commonly with synthetic corticosteroids, but it has some side effects like weight gain, tachycardia, depression, glaucoma etc. In traditional Siddha system of medicine several herbal and herbo mineral formulations are indicated for respiratory problems in paediatric age group. Amirtha Sanjeevi Kuligai is a poly herbal formulation indicated for this disease in Siddha literature. Histamine plays a major role in the pathogenesis of asthma. So, the Anti- histamine activity of Amirtha Sanjeevi Kuligai was carried out by determining the histamine activity of  injecting  histamine in wister albino rat by hind paw method. The change in the hind paw volume was measured using plethysmometer and expressed as mean paw volume. The study result concluded that the drug Amirtha sanjeevi kuligai has got significant Anti- histamine activity