Mass Media, Communication and Globalization with the Perspective of 21st Century

This paper aims to explain the role of three factors i.e. mass media, communication and globalization in the twenty first century where the concept of mass society has become possible. The question is that how these three are interlinked and how they affect each other in present era.  The integration of communication technologies have wired the globe in this way that the individual lives in an omnipresent condition. The information age is dominating every sphere of life as homogenization of heterogeneous societies of the world is evolving over time and international boundaries are removed by the electronic highways. Developed countries with modern technological instruments and resources are applying their methods to modernize the rest of the world that are depended on developed countries. The competition has been started between different societies of the world due to these three factors which needs to be overlooked that has created the unrest in the world through information revolution. Keywords: Mass media, communication, globalization, twenty-first century, information age, homogenization

Effects of Workplace Violence Regarding Nurses Job Satisfaction, Turnover Intention and Quality Care in Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore Pakistan

Introduction: Many countries are encountered workplace violence almost in every field of employment which is a real matter of concern. The occurrence of violence at work place has become a serious threat to the safety and security of employees; exploit their dignity, further leads to lower wellbeing among them. It most of the times puts life in troubles and may lead to death like serious consequences among the health care workers. Work place violence is considered among the leading causes of deaths at the US among women who serve in hospitals or any other services.Method: A quantitative cross-sectional study design was used to determine the effects of workplace violence regarding nurse’s job satisfaction, turnover intention and quality care in tertiary care hospital. 160 nurses were selected as sample. Data was collected through the standardized well adopted questionnaires.Results: The results reveals that the workplace violence was from last twelve months, patients towards nurses is high 68.8%. The statistical difference between “job satisfaction” and “work place violence is significant P=.000.  Further there is significant correlation between workplace violence and job satisfaction and P=.000. The relationship between workplace violence (WPV), Job satisfaction, turnover intention (TI), and quality of care (QOC) revealed that there is significant relationship p < 0.05. Conclusions: Nurses in Pakistan are at high risk of workplace violence, especially verbal attack. In addition, they have a low level of job satisfaction and a high level of turnover intention. Job satisfaction plays the mediator role between workplace and turnover intention and quality of care among nurses. In order to clarify the mechanisms of turnover intention resulting from work place violence, further study should be conducted in-depth, such as how coping strategies used by emergency nurses who experienced workplace violence can affect their turnover intention. Keywords: Work Place Violence, Job Satisfaction, Turnover Intention, Quality of Care. DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/102-05 Publication date:September 30th 202

A Sociological Study about the Adoption of Contraception Methods and Their Effects on the Married Females’ Health in Rural Areas of Tehsil Dera Ghazi Khan-Pakistan

Population is growing rapidly & adoption of FP has been neglected by Govt. of Pakistan due to lack of services, awareness and education, traditional believes, employment & misconception. Mostly people think that the use of contraception methods is against the nature and Islam and is also harmful for health. So present study was designed in rural areas of Tehsil Dera Ghazi Khan in 2013 to investigate the knowledge level, adoption of contraception as well as to perceived positive and negative effects of contraception methods on the health of married females in rural community. 160 rural married females were interviewed to find out their demographic features; utilization of contraception and its side effects on their health in tehsil Dera Ghazi Khan. The data was analyzed by using Uni-variate (frequency distribution and percentage) and Bi-variate analysis (Chi square and Gamma Statistics) was carried out. Predominating age categories were <15 and 16-20 years, 45.6% were illiterate, and 55.6% had good mutual understandings. More than one fifth (26.2%) had 1-2 pregnancies, 59.4% had sometimes heard about contraceptive methods while 84.4% had favorable attitude towards adoption of contraception methods. Whereas 58.1% had sometimes used contraceptive methods, 31.9% got information about contraceptive methods from relatives. In adoption of different contraception methods during the life span, respondents reported both types i.e. modern injections (60.6%), spermicides (50.6%), and in traditional methods i.e. withdrawal (6.2%); adoption of herbs (5.7%) and 44.4% had faced positive effects while 19.4% faced negative effects whereas 36.2% of the respondents had both type of effects (positive/ negative) on their health after the adoption of FP methods during reproductive span. Bi-variate analysis showed positive relationship between desired of family size and utilization of contraception, Freedom of decision making vs utilization of contraception methods and mutual understanding of spouse vs adoption of contraception method. There was a need to bring positive change in societal attitude for the utilization of family planning. Keywords: FP Methods, Contraception adoption, effects, Religious opinion, Decision making, Rural Females, Socio-economic statu

Reducing Portfolio Quadratic Programming Problem into Regression Problem: Stepwise Algorithm

Mathematical programming can be classified into linear and non linear programming. This study involved a literature knowledge of formal theory essential for understanding of optimization and investigation of algorithms used for solution of special case of non linear programming, namely quadratic programming. The solution of quadratic objective function has been found using numerical and statistical approaches. Numerical technique is based on Cholesky decomposition algorithm and statistical approach is based on Least squares technique. The selected model chosen for the purpose of solving quadratic programming problem is related to portfolio selection in presence of transaction costs. The objective is to minimize the sum of squares of error by estimating parameters. It was not the purpose of study to discuss all algorithms but an algorithm namely stepwise algorithm has been discussed in detail. Using stepwise technique, we have reduced quadratic programming problem into regression problem and found the values of estimated parameters. This approach has efficiently solved the quadratic programming problem and gave the optimum values of unknown parameters.&nbsp

Integrating the technology acceptance model for social media-based learning with authentic leadership development : symmetric and asymmetric modeling

IntroductionThe growing trend of social media use has influenced all segments of society, including education, during the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, authentic leadership is an emerging concept in positive psychology for dealing with emergencies in the digital era. The possibility of a relationship between the two was checked in preservice teachers studying in a teacher education department of a university in Pakistan. The conceptual framework of the study was built around teaching acceptance model (TAM) and Authentic leadership theory.MethodsThe survey method suited the aim of the research, and questionnaires aided us in gathering participant self-reporting responses. We conducted two surveys, and in between them, a course was taught online using social media as a teaching and learning platform. The survey results checked preservice teachers' positive intentions toward social media-based learning, and the post-course survey studied the development of Authentic leadership attributes among the preservice teachers. Technology acceptance was measured across three constructs: ease of use, usefulness, and positive intentions. The results also reported the development of three authentic leadership characteristics: ethics, self-regulation, and self-awareness.Results and discussionThis study is among the pioneering studies integrating TAM (i.e., the acceptance of social media-based learning) with leadership theory (i.e., authentic leadership). It also adds a methodological contribution by combining symmetrical (i.e., partial least squares structural equation modeling) and asymmetrical (i.e., fuzzy set qualitative comparative technique) for data analysis. The study's findings are valuable for teacher education institutions, as they help prepare future teachers to become authentic leaders capable of addressing future crises by leveraging education through social media-based teaching and learning platforms.Peer reviewe

The Assessment of Self Care Practices amongst Diabetic Patients of Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease and with rapidly increasing prevalence, it requires continuous diabetic care beyond just glycemic control. It needs continuous self-management and multi factorial risk reduction strategies. This study aims to assess the self-care practices of diabetic patients living in Rawalpindi and to determine the relationship of sociodemographic characteristics with their self-care practices. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in two private diabetic clinics of Rawalpindi from February to July 2022. A validated structured questionnaire using Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale was administered to assess self-care practices of the study participants. A total of 230 participants through convenience sampling aged 25 to 86 years were recruited in the survey. SPSS version 22 was used to carry out the statistical analysis. Results: The current study comprised of 107(46.5%) males and 123 (53.5%) females with mean age of 54.85 ±12.41 years.  Among them, 65.2% had adequate self-care practices. It was found that marital status (p=0.004), educational status (p=0.002), monthly income (p=0.001) and duration of diabetes (p=0.006) were significantly associated with self-care practices of the participants. Conclusion: More than half of the participants had adequate self-care practices. Sociodemographic variables like marital status, education, monthly household income and duration of diabetes were significantly associated with the self-care practices of diabetic patients. Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, Pakistan, Self-Care, Self- Management, Surve

ESTIMATION OF TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN: 1970-2005

Global development agendas are now being bonded with adaptation to climate change. Sustainable biodiversity and community adaptation to climate change are closely associated as depletion of natural resources adversely affects the living standard of people. Rapid climatic changes and intervention to regulate water resources in Indus delta of Pakistan have put the lives of millions of people residing near the Indus river belt at the stake of climate change. Therefore, this study was designed to inquire the socio-economic conditions of the people residing near the Indus river bank and the perceived impact of climate change on river belt agricultural resources specifically in district D. G. Khan. Based on primary data study employed univariate and bivariate analysis which suggested flood, wind storm and temperature as the significant climate change parameters affecting the land fertility, forest and fisheries. The Foster Greer and Thorbeck technique for calculating the poverty indicated that majority (82%) of population was below poverty line and most of them entirely depend on river belt agricultural resources which were found to be depleting due to rapid climate change

Synthesis of SPIONs-CNT Based Novel Nanocomposite for Effective Amperometric Sensing of First-Line Antituberculosis Drug Rifampicin

Synthesis of SPIONs-CNT Based Novel Nanocomposite for Effective Amperometric Sensing of First-Line Antituberculosis Drug Rifampici

Investigation of Active Spots on a TiC@MnSe Nanocomposite: An Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Electrocatalysts with outstanding electrochemical performance and ecofriendly nature are desired for water-splitting studies to develop substantial hydrogen energy resources. In this report, a titanium carbide (TiC), MnSe, and novel TiC@MnSe heterostructure nanocomposite has been prepared by a facile hydrothermal process and analyzed using physical and electrochemical tools for electrocatalytic water splitting via the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The heterostructure TiC@MnSe catalyst possesses a reduced overpotential of 299 mV at a universal standard current density of 10 mA/cm2, a small Tafel slope of 48.4 mV/dec, a large Cdl 54 mF, an enhanced electrochemical functional surface area of 1350 cm2, a low charge transfer resistance of 1.13 Ω, and robust stability after 70 h constant vigorous OER activity in an alkaline medium. The fabricated catalyst exhibits an encapsulated heterostructure morphology that supplies the active channels for the OER and remarkably boosts the electrochemical activity of the proposed catalyst for electrochemical water splitting (EWS). This work presents the superb electrochemical activity of the metal chalcogenide-based composite TiC@MnSe and addresses the fundamental reason for its robust performance. The research outcome pushes for large-scale electrochemical commercial applications, and the proposed TiC@MnSe can act as a cutting edge against costly noble metal-based electrocatalysts