A systematic review of arts therapies interventions for work related stress in health care professionals

The care, compassion and empathy that healthcare professionals exhibit towards their clients/patients can prove physically, psychically, mentally, and economically costly. Exposure to a client/patient�s trauma or distress can negatively impact on the healthcare professional�s mental and physical health and wellbeing, and can adversely affect their quality of life. This systematic review focussed on the role of the arts therapies to reduce burnout, compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and vicarious traumatisation. A total of 19 relevant studies were identified, of which eight were qualitative, eight were quantitative and three were mixed methods. Investigation showed that burnout, compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and vicarious traumatisation are prevalent in the field of healthcare work, and that South African healthcare workers are particularly susceptible to the development thereof. Studies reported mixed results of arts therapy interventions. Seventy-two percent of studies reported results supporting the use of the arts therapies as interventions for these conditions in the healthcare profession. Recommendations are made for longer term studies, and for follow-up information to be included in research.Mini Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2018.MusicMMu

Psoriatic skin inflammation induces a pre-diabetic phenotype via the endocrine actions of skin secretome

Objective: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is thought to affect ∼2% of the global population. Psoriasis has been associated with ∼30% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), with numerous studies reporting that psoriasis is an independent risk-factor for T2D, separate from underlying obesity. Separately, studies of skin-specific transgenic mice have reported altered whole-body glucose homeostasis in these models. These studies imply a direct role for skin inflammation and dysfunction in mediating the onset of T2D in psoriasis patients, potentially via the endocrine effects of the skin secretome on key metabolic tissues. We used a combination of in vivo and ex vivo mouse models and ex vivo human imiquimod (IMQ) models to investigate the effects of psoriasis-mediated changes in the skin secretome on whole-body metabolic function. Methods: To induce psoriatic skin inflammation, mice were topically administered 75 mg of 5% IMQ cream (or Vaseline control) to a shaved dorsal region for 4 consecutive days. On day 5, mice were fasted for glucose and insulin tolerance testing, or sacrificed in the fed state with blood and tissues collected for analysis. To determine effects of the skin secretome, mouse skin was collected at day 5 from IMQ mice and cultured for 24 h. Conditioned media (CM) was collected and used 1:1 with fresh media to treat mouse explant subcutaneous adipose tissue (sAT) and isolated pancreatic islets. For human CM experiments, human skin was exposed to 5% IMQ cream for 20 min, ex vivo, to induce a psoriatic phenotype, then cultured for 24 h. CM was collected, combined 1:1 with fresh media and used to treat human sAT ex vivo. Markers of tissue inflammation and metabolic function were determined by qPCR. Beta cell function in isolated islets was measured by dynamic insulin secretion. Beta-cell proliferation was determined by measurement of Ki67 immunofluorescence histochemistry and BrDU uptake, whilst islet apoptosis was assessed by caspase 3/7 activity. All data is expressed as mean ± SEM. Results: Topical treatment with IMQ induced a psoriatic-like phenotype in mouse skin, evidenced by thickening, erythema and inflammation of the skin. Topical IMQ treatment induced inflammation and signs of metabolic dysfunction in sub-cutaneous and epidydimal adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle and gut tissue. However, consistent with islet compensation and a pre-diabetic phenotype, IMQ mice displayed improved glucose tolerance, increased insulin and c-peptide response to glucose, and increased beta cell proliferation. Treatment of sAT with psoriatic mouse or human skin-CM replicated the in vivo phenotype, leading to increased inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in mouse and human sAT. Treatment of pancreatic islets with psoriatic mouse skin-CM induced increases in beta-proliferation and apoptosis, thus partially replicating the in vivo phenotype. Conclusions: Psoriasis-like skin inflammation induces a pre-diabetic phenotype, characterised by tissue inflammation and markers of metabolic dysfunction, together with islet compensation in mice. The in vivo phenotype is partially replicated by exposure of sAT and pancreatic islets to psoriatic-skin conditioned media. These results support the hypothesis that psoriatic skin inflammation, potentially via the endocrine actions of the skin secretome, may constitute a novel pathophysiological pathway mediating the development of T2D

An analysis of the impact of the policyholder protection rules (short term insurance), 2018 on consumer credit

Abstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.LL.M. (Commercial Law

7 Tokoh Kunci Nazi; penentu sejarah Jerman & penyebab perang Dunia II

vi.; 167 hal.; bibl.; 19 c

Profiel van afgestudeerde B.Cur studente van 1997

The purpose of this study is to describe the profile of the B.Cur. graduates who completed their studies in 1997 at the Rand Arikaans University. Theoretical points of departures were used, such as Muller’s career management description (Muller, 1998: 353-362) and Northeastern University’s five-step model career services (Northeastern University, sa:1)

The Medium-Term Forecast of the Development of Integration among Countries of the Middle East and North Africa

The aim of the article is to analyze the current stage in the development of integration among countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Systematizing and summarizing the works dedicated to the problems and prospects of their participation in regional integration groups (RIGs), there considered the possibilities of expanding trade and economic relations, which, together with the participation in the World Trade Organization, have provided an opportunity to forecast further development of foreign trade policies of these countries. As a result of the study, it is revealed that in general, MENA countries have similar development problems, which can be divided into two groups: general economic ones, which are associated with differences in the levels of economic development of Arab countries with different resource support, and institutional ones. It is proved that integration is not sufficiently well established and is still acting as a trend — MENA countries continue to implement various “catch-up” scenarios using traditional directions — access to markets and increased emphasis on trade. There analyzed key priorities of the development strategies of Saudi Arabia (Strategy 2025) and the UAE (Economic Vision of Abu Dhabi 2030), aimed at the modernization of the economies, their complete transition to renewable energies through introducing recent innovations, creation of a competitive private sector, increase of the significance of non-oil sectors of the economy that have competitive advantages. It is determined that the common feature for these strategies is that the main source of the modernization is public finance in the form of holding companies and public-private partnerships using BOT (build-operate-transfer) schemes with the participation of state capital in various sectors and the capabilities of “collaborative institutions”. And in the long run, regional integration will retain its priority over global liberalization. Further research will be related to the attempts of Arab scholars aimed at uniting Islam, the state, and the market economy of the Western type as the main condition for the further development of MENA countries

'n Ondersoek na die belangrikheid en noodsaaklikheid van die finansiële funksie in eiendomsontwikkeling

M.Com. (Business Management)The purpose of this study is to: Identify the participants and their functions, in property development. Illustrate the importance of the financial function in the property development process. Examine the financial expertise participants in property development. of the Find out what further financial required by participants in development process. knowledge is the property The methodology which was followed consists of a literature study of the property development process, the participants in the process and their functions, as well as their training in the financial aspects of property development. An empirical study was subsequently used to determine which financial aspects participants in the property development process use in practise and in which aspects they require further training. The following findings were identified: From the literature study: The financial function occupies an important position in property development. The viability of a project must comply with investment criteria before commencement of a project. Members of property development teams have little or no training in financial aspects of property development. Members of project development teams require a basic knowledge of viability studies, sources of finance and financial decision making. From the empirical study: As a result of their training and experience, only quantity surveyors that work inclose relation with developers, developers, and to a lesser degree project managers, have financial knowledge in respect of property development. Architects and engineers have no financial background in respect of property development. All members of project development teams use the financial aspects of property development to a greater or lesser degree in the execution of their tasks. All members of project development teams require further training concerning financial aspects in property development, especially architects and engineers, who are involved with these aspects, to a lesser degree. Financial knowledge regarding property development is important for all members of project development teams. It is essential that each member of a property development team should have a broad knowledge of all disciplines. Financial knowledge is especially important for someone who wants to act as a developer

Framework for the cost of policy implementation of the South African nuclear expansion program

Thesis (M.Ing. (Nuclear Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.Determining the cost of implementing a nuclear energy policy is very important due to the high costs associated with nuclear programs. Such programs may be unattainable to certain countries due to the many requirements that ensure a safe and secure nuclear sector. The IAEA has a large number of publications that indicate the requirements for implementing nuclear energy sectors. By using these publications, a framework was developed costing each of the main sectors of a nuclear energy program. These sectors correspond to the sectors that the South African government proposed for its nuclear energy policy. The main sectors are: * Basic infrastructure development * Nuclear power plant (NPP) sector * Nuclear fuel cycle (NFC) sector * Industrial involvement An outline of the framework is attached as Appendix A. A more elaborative development of the framework is given in Chapter 2. The Government proposes the development of 20 GWe (Eskom Holdings Limited, 2010:3) of nuclear power over the next 20 to 25 years along with the development of the entire nuclear fuel cycle and an industrial base that will ensure that South Africa is independent of other countries and has the capability to develop nuclear power plants and associated technology. By applying the framework it was possible to estimate the costs of the different sectors. It was found by the author that the basic infrastructure and power plant sector will cost approximately R 889 billion (2008 Rand value), excluding financing costs. The fuel cycle sector is very sensitive to global resistance and will require considerable planning to ensure that international bodies and countries are satisfied with the local intention of pursuing fuel cycle implementation. To ensure that costs are minimized the implementation of the different fuel cycle steps is crucial and will depend on the rollout plan of the power plants and the local demand for fuel and the influence of security of fuel supply. To implement the entire front end and reprocessing step it was estimated that the cost will amount to approximately R 52,3 billion. The cost of implementing the industrial sector development was not determined, due to the many factors involved. The different requirements in the sector may be supplied by similar industries currently active in South Africa. Most of the current industries will require further accreditation and may have to increase capacity if South Africa is to become a global supplier of nuclear technology. Sources indicated that the different sectors will require trained personnel numbers in the region of 77 000 (direct jobs). The amount of indirect jobs that will be created will be in the regions of 300 000. Government therefore has a huge responsibility to ensure that training and education programs are developed that can supply the demand of trained personnel. The different industries involved should also ensure that the relevant personnel are trained in advance, to obtain the required accreditation and experience. The final outcome of the revised Integrated Resource Plan (IRP2) was not yet available when this dissertation was completed. The outcomes of the future nuclear programs may therefore be different from the extent of developments and investments estimated by this study. The cost of reactors and basic infrastructure will have to be scaled to the revised objectives while the costs of the fuel cycle may change considerably due to a possible decrease in local demand. These changes will affect the economy of scale on many of the sectors of development. The framework is generic and may be applied to different nuclear development programs and countries.Master

7 Tokoh Kunci Nazi : Penentu Sejarah Jerman & Penyebab Perang Dunia II.

170 hlm.: - ;21 c

A review of the interrelationship between vestibular dysfunction, motor and learning diabilities and the rehabilitation thereof

The aim of this literature review was to determine whether there is a relationship between the vestibular functioning and neuro-motor development of children, if deficiencies in vestibular function can be rehabilitated by means of a motor rehabilitation programmes and what the nature of such activities and programmes will be. It was also aimed to determine what tests are used to evaluate vestibular function and to identify those that will have use in practical settings. After examining 130 articles, they were reduced to 41 from which the relevant information was retrieved. A direct relationship was indicated between balance problems and vestibular functioning, while poor motor coordination, postural deficiency, learning problems and dyslexia were also associated with dysfunction of the vestibular system. Different tests evaluating vestibular loss were identified of which some can be used successfully by practitionars. Various programmes and activities were identified to successfully rehabilitate vestibular function. For better understanding of the contribution of the vestibular system to motor development of children, further research on the relationship of the different semi circular canals with different motor functions, the effect of rehabilitation focused on the functioning of a specific canal, and the effect of different rehabilitation programmes on different vestibular deficiencies are suggested. Keywords: Vestibular dysfunction; Motor development; Learning disabilities; Posture; Rehabilitation and exercises. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation Vol. 29 (1) 2007: pp. 129-14