Transformational leadership approach for encouraging historically marginalized communities to access admission to Naturopathic Medicine

Many healthcare training institutions lack cultural diversity, including naturopathic medicine. One potential reason is a lack of historically marginalized individuals applying to these medical schools. Attracting communities of colour to healthcare professions, like naturopathic medicine is important for improving healthcare access and delivery across all individuals within North America. This OIP explores the lack of diversity in applicants to the naturopathic medical program at a large multi-centre institution. The role that education and mentorship of faculty members can play to improve implicit biases and eventually encourage historically marginalized individuals to apply to the program is explored. Moreover, the OIP presents a plan using informal leadership with a transformational approach to motivate change including the practices of exemplary leadership. Also, the plan is outlined and communicated using the CPM, which includes a process for the practice of transformational leadership. Tracking success and challenges within the OIP are detailed in the monitoring and evaluation framework, which includes a self-assessment of biases and SWOT analysis. This process would eventually lead to a shift within the faculty’s culture, the effects of which could be widespread

Legal Aspects of the Care of Older People in Hong Kong and Nurse's Role in it

Legal system provide different means of protection to older people in Hong Kong in terms of life ending decision making, elder abuse, financial and housing affairs. Nurses often plays an important role in it such as begin an advocator and providing professional views and knowledge for helping the older people to plan their life

The Most Effective Treatment or Intervention for Treating Chinese Elderly Depression: a Literature Review

Background: There is an increase in the percentage of Chinese elderly population with depression globally which may be contributed by financial stain, poor living conditions, and poor social support with friends and relatives, absence of carer and precipitating poor health condition and different therapy had been used for them.Objectives: This literature review was conducted to evaluate different treatment and interventions that had been used on Chinese elderly population with depression.Methodology: A systematic searching process from January, 2013 to June, 2013. Key word used is elder, geriatric, senile, old age, aged 60 or above, depress, depression, depressive symptoms and Chinese.Results: 84 studies were retrieved and it shows that Tai Chi is most effective in treating depression symptoms, Qigong is most effective in treating the associated factors of depressive symptoms and lastly Qigong is also the most effective therapy in treating the general well-being of the outcomes of depression

Non-invasive ventilation during paediatric retrieval: a systematised review

Background: In hospital critical-care and emergency settings, non-Invasive ventilation (NIV) is increasingly used in neonatal and paediatric patients as an alternative to invasive positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). Critically ill children and babies may need transfer to higher levels of care, but the emergency transport setting is lagging behind the hospital sector in terms of availability of NIV. Aim and objectives: The goal of this study was to assess the evidence on the safety and effectiveness of NIV in children during transportation. Safety outcome measures were intubation or escalation of ventilation mode (during and soon after transport) and adverse event (AE) occurrence during transport. Effectiveness outcome measures related to improvement in clinical parameters during transfer. Methods: A systematised review of the literature was conducted, based on searches of MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE (via Scopus), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), African Index Medicus, Web of Science Citation Index and the World Health Organisation Trials Registry (ICTRP). Two reviewers independently reviewed all identified studies for eligibility, with an initial screening round followed by a full-text review of potentially relevant articles. The quality of studies meeting inclusion criteria was evaluated using an adapted quality assessment tool developed for this study. Results: A total of 1287 records were identified; of these, 12 studies met inclusion criteria. Following quality assessment, eight studies were included and four studies were excluded. There were no randomised controlled trials, quasi-randomised controlled trials or non-randomised studies of intervention, to answer the research question. The included studies were all observational in design: seven studies (n= 708) evaluated in-transport use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and one study (n=150) reported on use of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in children during transport. During transport on NIV, 3/858 (0.4%) patients required either intubation (1/708; 0.1%; CPAP studies) or escalation of mode of ventilation (2/150; 1%; HFNC study). In the 24 hours following transfer, 63/650 (13%) of children transferred on NIV, were intubated. The odds of intubation within 24 hours were significantly higher for CPAP transfer 60/500 (12%) compared with HFNC 3/150(2%): OR (95% CI) 6.68 (2.40 - 18.63), p=0.00003. Adverse events, where reported, were found to occur in 2-4% of NIV transports, with use of BVM in 8/334 (2%), desaturation episodes in 9/290 (3%), apnoea in 11/290(4%) and administration of CPR in 0/290 (0%) cases being described. There was insufficient reporting of change in vital signs or clinical condition during transport for meaningful analysis. Conclusion: This study is the first systematised review indicating that NIV use in children during transport is likely to be safe. From the low-reliability evidence available, it was calculated that NIV use in children during transport would result in a 0.4% rate of intubation or escalation during transport and an in-transport adverse event rate of 2-4%. There was insufficient evidence to comment on clinical effectiveness of NIV during transfer. Following NIV transfer, 13% of patients were intubated within 24 hours, with significantly higher odds of intubation in children transported on CPAP compared with HFNC. Recommendations: Further research is needed in order to make firm recommendations regarding the safety and effectiveness of NIV during transport of children. A recommended minimum data set, for the standardised reporting of observational studies of paediatric NIV use during transport, is suggested. It is recommended that transport databases and registries are expanded to include NIV details as well as information regarding the presence or absence of pre-specified adverse events during transport

Incorporating entrepreneurship skills into chemistry and related curriculums

With the ever increasing pace of change in the Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, universities need to be more aware of the skill set that employers are seeking in graduates. These skills often include risk taking, creative thinking and entrepreneurship; skills that are not naturally associated with chemistry-related curriculums. This research focusses on the authors’ experiences of applying for strategic grants which underpin the dissemination of such skills, and explores how these were used as the basis for creating specific learning content for final year students. Students’ experiences after completing assignments were gathered through an online survey and subsequent analysis identified areas for improvement in chemistry curriculums

Direct Electrochemical Synthesis of Nickel (II) Thiolates and their Coordination Complexes.

Metallo organic compounds can be synthesized electrochemically by anodic generation of metal cations by using sacrificial metal anode. Bis-thiolates complexes of Nickel, Ni(SR)2 have been prepared in an H-type cell by electrochemical oxidation of thiols RSH (ethanethiol, 2-propanethiol, 1-butanethiol, 1-pentanethiol and thiophenol) with sacrificial Nickel (Ni) anode and inert Platinum (Pt) cathode in non-aqueous solution of acetonitrile containing tetrabutylammonium chloride  (as supporting electrolyte). On refluxing   with ligand (L)  2,2'-bipyridyl, these thiolates do not form coordination compounds. However, their adducts Ni(SR)2.L have been synthesized electrochemically by adding the ligand to above thiols in solution phase. All these synthesized complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectral data and other physical measurements. All these compounds are in the solid state with excellent yield and associated with high electrochemical efficiency