Identificación de las competencias profesionales del ingeniero eléctrico de la Corporación Universitaria de la Costa CUC, año 2011

Especialización en Estudios PedagógicosEn el presente proyecto IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LAS COMPETENCIAS PROFESIONALES DEL INGENIERO ELÉCTRICO DE LA CORPORACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA DE LA COSTA CUC, AÑO 2011, se da respuesta a la necesidad que presenta el programa en la realización de una caracterización de las competencias necesarias para el Ingeniero Eléctrico para llevar a cabo el proceso de actualización curricular siguiendo los lineamientos de la Corporación Universitaria de la Costa. Considerando que, en la formación de los ingenieros eléctricos de la CUC, es importante tener en cuenta los cambios que se generan en el sector empresarial, se necesitaba conocer las competencias profesionales requeridas por el entorno empresarial para llevar a cabo una actualización en el mapa de competencia del programa. Para la elaboración del mapa de competencias se recogieron las opiniones de los estudiantes, empresarios y docentes del programa, identificado las debilidades y necesidades respecto a pensum analizado encontrándose aportes importantes que llevaron a seguir el proceso. También se realizó la comparación del plan de estudio que en el momento de la investigación estaba activo en el programa con los planes de estudio de universidades nacionales e internacionales para realizar la presentación del mapa de competencias, encontrándose las fortalezas ante otras instituciones. Una vez se contó con todos los elementos, se llevó a cabo el diseño del mapa de competencias del programa de Ingeniería Eléctrica y finalmente se realiza una propuesta de las asignaturas que responden al mapa elaborado y pueden formar parte de la actualización curricular del programaIn this Project IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROFESIONAL OUTCOMES OF ELECRICAL ENGINEERING OF THE CORPORACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA DE LA COSTA CUC, YEAR 2011 is given an answer to the presented needs of the program in the development of a characterization of the outcomes that are required for the electrical Engineering to carry out the process of updating the curriculum of the program, Following the guidelines of the institution. Considering that in the educational process of an electrical Engineering of the CUC, it is important to take into account the changes that are generated in the business. It was necessary to know the professional outcomes that are required in the industrial and business area to make the development of the actualization of the outcomes map of the program. For the building-up of the outcome map where collected the opinions and considerations of students, entrepreneurs and professors of the program. There were identified the weakness and needs of the current curriculum, there were found important contribution that carry out the process that was followed. Also was realized the comparison of the current curriculum that has been applied in the program with the curriculum of national and international universities to get in focus the development of the outcome map and of this form identify clearly the strengths in contrast with other institutions. Once were collected all the elements, there was developed the design of the outcomes map of the Electrical Engineering program and finally was done the purpose of the subjects that respond to the drawn map and that can be part of the updating curriculum of the program

Thermal comfort evaluation in an educational building with air conditioning located in the warm tropical climate of Colombia

The objective of this work is to evaluate the perception of thermal comfort that students have in building 10 of the Universidad de la Costa located in the city of Barranquilla. For the investigation the methods for the thermal comfort evaluation are analyzed, selecting the Steady-State methodology of Fanger according to the ASHRAE 55 Standard. With the application of the surveys, the thermal sensation that the students had in the building was evaluated, which was preferably fresh and thermal acceptability where 87% responded satisfactorily to indoor climate conditions in classrooms. It was also obtained that the perception of inner thermal comfort is between 21.1 ° C and 23 ° C of temperature. With the results obtained, recommendations are issued to ensure that students feel thermal comfort and the proper regulation of air conditioning systems

Experimental thermal performance and modelling of a waste heat recovery unit in an energy cogeneration system

In this paper, the performance of a gas/oil heat recovery unit is assessed experimentally and by the development of an Aspen model and artificial neural networks. The heat recovery unit is a cross-flow heat exchanger used to recover the residual heat of the exhaust gases coming from a microturbine to drive an absorption chiller. The test facility consists mainly of a microturbine, a heat recovery unit, and an air-cooled absorption chiller. The experiments were conducted at partial power loads and different thermal oil mass flows. Regarding the models, the Aspen model depends on inlet conditions, the mechanical description of the heat recovery unit, and the fluids thermophysical properties, whereas the ANN model consists of 3 trained artificial neurons, 4 inputs (inlet flows and temperatures), and 2 outputs (thermal load and overall heat transfer coefficient). The experimental tests show that the recovery unit recovers from 18.8 kW to 8.1 kW when the microturbine power output is varied from 23 kWe to 4 kWe. Results also show that the overall heat transfer coefficient ranges between 243 W.m−2.K−1 and 89 W.m−2.K−1, while they evidence that the overall heat transfer resistance is controlled by the exhaust gases heat transfer resistance. Furthermore, simulation results show that the Aspen model predicts the heat recovery unit thermal load and overall heat transfer coefficient with average relative differences of 0.93% and 11.27%, respectively, to the experiments. The ANN model evidences average relative differences of 0.51% and 3.48% for the thermal load and overall heat transfer coefficient, respectively

Energy performance analysis between two air conditioning systems used in an educational Building in warm-climate

Energy saving measures, in the design air conditioning systems, are crucial in the development of energy schemes with rational energy consumption. Traditionally, integrated buildings systems have been assessed individually to optimize the energy performance, however they have different parameters that affect energy performance that demands the use of detailed analysis using dynamic simulation. This paper is focused on compare an air conditioning system to be implemented in educational buildings in warm-climate, considering energy schemes provide for a constant air volume (CAV) flow system with a water chiller, while the other integrates a variable refrigerant flow (VRF) system. Adding in each case dedicated outdoor air System (DOAS) units. Energy consumption achieved by each AC system is obtained considering the configuration achieving energy savings of 40% of the annual electricity demand for cooling. Finally, the use of DOAS represents an increase of 20% of total electricity consumption

Stress in butt welded joints of open profiles under torsion

In this paper is addressed how in the literature of Mechanic of Materials and Machine Elements Design only few authors address the subject of welded joints, among those can be mentioned Shigley Hall, Reshetov, and Faires [1, 3, 4-5]; although they provide expressions to calculate stress in complex geometric configurations of welded joints, they do not analyze calculation for butt welded joints subject to torsion, neither take into account characteristics of thin-walled side faces for the calculations. Only in the General Treaty of Schimpke Welding, Horn and Ruge [7] are mentioned these features without addressing the expressions for the calculation of stresses in cases of complex cases. Similar case is seen in articles and specialized literature wheredelves into research on the technological parameters in welding, materials and other subjects without addressing the improvement of calculation expressions to determine the stresses in such joints. In this paper new expressions are shown for the calculation of tangential stresses arising on the welds on butt joints of open profiles under free torsion, taking into account thin-wall side faces.En el trabajo se destaca como en la literatura de Mecánica de Materiales y Diseño de Elementos de Máquinas, solo algunos autores abordan el tema de las uniones soldadas, dentro de estos se pueden citar a Shigley, Hall, Reshetov y Faires [1, 3, 4-5]; estos autores, aunque brindan expresiones para el cálculo de las tensiones en uniones soldadas de configuración geométrica compleja, no analizan el cálculo de las mismas para el caso de estar sometidas a torsión, tampoco toman en cuenta para los cálculos las particularidades de los perfiles de paredes delgadas, esto solo es analizado en el Tratado general de soldadura de los autores Schimpke, Horn y Ruge [7], donde se mencionan estas particularidades sin abordar las expresiones para el cálculo de las tensiones en casos complejos. Un tanto similar ocurre en los artículos y literatura especializada, donde se profundiza en la investigación sobre los parámetros tecnológicos en la soldadura, materiales y otros temas sin abordar el perfeccionamiento de las expresiones de cálculo para determinar las tensiones en este tipo de uniones. En el presente trabajo se brindan nuevas expresiones para el cálculo de las tensiones tangenciales que surgen en los cordones de uniones a tope, en perfiles abiertos sometidos a torsión libre, tomando en cuenta para ello su consideración como perfiles de paredes delgadas

Global air conditioning performance indicator (ACPI) for buildings, in tropical climate

The selection of the most suitable HVAC technology for buildings, is a complex challenge. Many factors such as, the features of the building, climatic conditions, energy consumption, Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), thermal comfort, regulations, aspects, economic and environmental aspects, all of which are shown on a local and national scope. There is no standard methodology that guarantees a single criterion for the selection of HVAC systems. Therefore, in its solution, as in almost all decision-making problems in the field of engineering, two different aspects are considered, theoretical and practical (Moreno, 2002) [1], thus forming a typical multi-criteria decision problem. This study proposes an integral performance indicator for the selection of air conditioning systems (ACPI), based on the multicriteria method of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), in order to choose the best HVAC system variant, based on its classification by integrating energy, environmental, and economic criteria. For the definition of the criteria, studies on HVAC system selection were reviewed and classified, applying multi-criteria on methods. The criteria were weighted based on surveys issued by a team made up of Professors/Researchers, architects, engineers, installers and managers linked to the HVAC sector. The ACPI model obtained, shows that the highest weighting corresponds to building energy consumption index 26.6%, IAQ 20.6%, thermal comfort 18.6%, CO2 emissions 12.1%, and finally, investment costs, operation and maintenance costs 11.6% and 10.3% respectively. The proposed ACPI, together with its analysis methodology, will allow researchers, architects, engineers, and government administration, to consider a wide range of alternative HVAC systems applied in buildings. With this, it will be possible to select them based on a decision-making model with a reliable source of information

Energy evaluation and energy savings analysis with the 2 selection of AC systems in an educational building

This paper presents an energy performance assessment on an educational building in Barranquilla, Colombia. The electricity consumption performance was assessed using the software DesignBuilder for two different Air Conditioning (AC) systems. The current electricity intensity is 215.3 kWh/m2 -year and centralized AC systems with individual fan coils and a water chiller share 66% of the total consumption and lighting at 16%. The simulation of the AC technology change to Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) resulted in an improvement of 38% in AC energy intensity with 88 kWh/m2 -year and significant savings in electricity consumption and life-cycle cost of AC systems in buildings.Este artículo presenta una evaluación del desempeño energético en un edificio educativo en Barranquilla, Colombia. El rendimiento del consumo de electricidad se evaluó mediante el software DesignBuilder para dos sistemas de aire acondicionado (AC) diferentes. La intensidad actual de la electricidad es 215,3 kWh / m2-año y sistemas de aire acondicionado centralizados con fan coils individuales y un enfriador de agua compartido 66% del consumo total e iluminación al 16%. La simulación de la tecnología AC cambia a El flujo de refrigerante variable (VRF) resultó en una mejora del 38% en la intensidad de energía de CA con 88 kWh / m2 al año y ahorros significativos en el consumo de electricidad y el costo del ciclo de vida de los sistemas de CA en edificios

Energy planning for fuel oil saving in an industrial laundry

In this paper was applied a method of energy planning, compatible with ISO 50001 standard, in an industrial laundry. In the analysis, three input variables were considered: level of production, technical condition of the system and operating regime. The past, present and future of fuel oil consumption in the steam generation and use was examined, establishing the causes of deterioration of consumption indicator. A study of load and capacity in the system identified potential savings through improved operating regime. A new regime for the operation of boilers was proposed and implemented, saving 16% of fuel. With the results of these measurements, the baseline was developed and goals are established.En el presente trabajo se diseña y aplica un procedimiento de planificación energética, compatible con la norma ISO 50001, a una lavandería industrial. Se analizan tres variables de entrada: nivel de producción, estado técnico del sistema y régimen de operación. Se examina el pasado, presente y futuro del consumo del fuel oíl en el sistema de generación y uso del vapor, estableciendo las causas del deterioro del indicador de consumo. A través de un estudio de carga y capacidad en el sistema se identificaron las potencialidades de ahorro mejorando el esquema de operación. Se propuso un nuevo esquema para la operación de las calderas el cual fue implementado lográndose un ahorro del 16% de combustible. Con los resultados de las mediciones se elabora la línea base y se establecen nuevas metas

Evaluación de la climatización en locales comerciales, integrando técnicas de termografía, simulación y modelado por elementos finitos

This study integrates different techniques to analyze some issues of the air conditioning system of a commercial establishment. A thermographic camera is used to assess the temperature profile in the area covered by the air conditioning system and also to detect the higher temperature spots. The air conditioning system of the facility is simulated using the software Trnsys to estimate the indoor temperature and the thermal load profile. Afterward, using computer-aided design, a model of the air circulation in the thermal zone is developed, which is simulated using the finite element method to obtain the temperature profile in the area. As a result, a new operational scheme of the air conditioning that improves the temperature profile is proposed

Experimental study and analysis of thermal comfort in a university campus building in tropical climate

This study presents the evaluation of the performance and acceptability of thermal comfort by students in the classrooms of a university building with minisplit-type air-conditioning systems, in a tropical climate. To carry out the study, temperature and humidity measurements were recorded, both outside and inside the selected classrooms, while the students were asked to complete thermal surveys on site. The survey model is based on the template proposed by Fanger and it was applied to a total number of 584 students. In each classroom, the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and the Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) were estimated according to Fanger’s methodology, as well as the Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV) and the Actual Percentage Dissatisfied (APD), which were obtained from the measurements and the surveys. The results of this study showed that the PMV values, although they may vary with the insulation of the clothing, do not affect the TSV. Furthermore, comparing PMV vs. TSV scores, a 2 ◦C to 3 ◦C difference in operating temperature was found, whereby the thermal sensitivity for TSV was colder, so it could be assumed that the PMV model overestimates the thermal sensitivity of students in low-temperature conditions. In addition, an acceptability by 90% with thermal preferences between 23 ◦C and 24 ◦C were also found. These results indicate that it is possible to increase the temperature set point in minisplit-type air-conditioning system from 4 ◦C to 7 ◦C with respect to the currently set temperatures, without affecting the acceptability of the thermal environment to the students in the building