Identificação Partidária E Voto. As Diferenças Entre Petistas E Peessedebistas

In this article, we analyze the impact of party identification on voting behavior in Brazil. We use data from the ESEB conducted in 2014, with a nationally representative sample of voters. In relation to other works on the impact of identification on the vote, we innovate in two areas. First, we do not limit our analysis to the vote for president; rather, we analyze vote for all offices in dispute in 2014. Second, we show that party identification does not work in the same way for all voters who identify with the same party. We have shown that supporters of the PT with higher levels of education are more coherent in their vote for President, while supporters of the PSDB with lower levels of education show more partisan loyalty in their vote. In the same way, while petistas are loyal to their party when it comes to voting for the President, peessedebistas vote with their party when it comes to choosing Governors and Senators. Finally, our analysis has identified a complex pattern of relationships between education-used here as a proxy for voters' cognitive resources-party identification, and vote choice. This last contribution promotes a discussion about the meaning of party identification in Brazil, one that goes well beyond the usual issues of its presence or absence among the electorate and its relevance to our understanding of vote choice, which have dominated the literature dealing with this topic in Brazil.22356960

Pelvic trauma : WSES classification and guidelines

Complex pelvic injuries are among the most dangerous and deadly trauma related lesions. Different classification systems exist, some are based on the mechanism of injury, some on anatomic patterns and some are focusing on the resulting instability requiring operative fixation. The optimal treatment strategy, however, should keep into consideration the hemodynamic status, the anatomic impairment of pelvic ring function and the associated injuries. The management of pelvic trauma patients aims definitively to restore the homeostasis and the normal physiopathology associated to the mechanical stability of the pelvic ring. Thus the management of pelvic trauma must be multidisciplinary and should be ultimately based on the physiology of the patient and the anatomy of the injury. This paper presents the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) classification of pelvic trauma and the management Guidelines.Peer reviewe