The impact of the Parliament on country branding and national identity

The 21st century is an era of globalization, of changes and transformations of cultures and national identity patterns representing different values and value systems. As a result of these transformations, new concepts, national symbols, and even ceremonies and ceremonial orders may be born, and the process of enculturation requires an increasingly emphatic and well-thought-out strategy from the leaders of nation-states. The national theme has become a determining force in Hungary in recent decades. The Hungarian Parliament has always played a significant role in the historical and cultural past and memory of Hungarian society. The Parliament is one of the most famous buildings for both tourists and Hungarians. In October 2011, the Parliament passed a law declaring Kossuth Square a national memorial. On the occasion of the ten-year anniversary, it is possible to examine what it has achieved in the Hungarian national enculturation as well as in the judgment of the Hungarians, in the self-representation of the country

Characteristics of national enculturation and awareness of national symbols among young people in Hungary

The civic values of a 21st century man, the acquisition of the traditions and symbols of his own national culture are changing. The sustainability of the process of national enculturation and the significant impact exerted by the media pose serious challenges for the leaders of states, the creators of school systems and methodologies, as well as the representatives of arts. One of the most effective and dominant actors in enculturation can be the state, which maintains the institutions shaping their methodology, gives direction for and often specifies the content through funding, and provides public law definitions of the symbols that can be decisive for citizens in this process of enculturation. The younger generation’s openness for cultural traditions and their historical memory are of particular interest here. The concept of enculturation was introduced by M. J. Herskovits (1962). Enculturation is a most comprehensive learning process. This means the acquisition of basic skills which are indispensable for all human beings. These skills are gained through the help provided by the institutions and forms of activity established by the society and through education. To continue this idea, these skills are indispensable in the Hungarian society, where they are gained through the help of the institutions and forms of activity established by the society, such as language, religion, technology, art, and sport, and through education. Education is the most important means of reproducing the culture of a society in the individual and passing it on to each generation. My study was designed to briefly represent the results of a micro-survey, which paved the way for a collection of nation-wide data. I collected the presented research data during a small sample survey to prepare a questionnaire (pending) to gain a deeper understanding of the national memory of university students. The form of the study is a research paper. It reflects a state at a given point of the research, commenting on the relevant findings of literature, and raising new dilemmas in a changing youth scenario, which I would like to analyse in their deeper patterns later

SOCE Is Important for Maintaining Sarcoplasmic Calcium Content and Release in Skeletal Muscle Fibers

Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a Ca2+-entry process activated by the depletion of intracellular stores and has an important role in many cell types. In skeletal muscle, however, its role during physiological muscle activation has been controversial. To address this question, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium release in a mouse strain with a naturally occurring mutation in the myostatin gene (Compact (Cmpt)) leading to a hypermuscular yet reduced muscle-force phenotype was compared to that in wild-type mice. To elicit Ca2+ release from the SR of flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) fibers, either a ryanodine receptor agonist (4-chloro-meta-cresol) or depolarizing pulses were used. In muscles from Cmpt mice, endogenous protein levels of STIM1 and Orai1 were reduced, and consequently, SOCE after 4-chloro-meta-cresol-induced store depletion was suppressed. Although the voltage dependence of SR calcium release was not statistically different between wild-type and Cmpt fibers, the amount of releasable calcium was significantly reduced in the latter, indicating a smaller SR content. To assess the immediate role of SOCE in replenishing the SR calcium store, the evolution of intracellular calcium concentration during a train of long-lasting depolarizations to a maximally activating voltage was monitored. Cmpt mice exhibited a faster decline in calcium release, suggesting a compromised ability to refill the SR. A simple model that incorporates a reduced SOCE as an important partner in regulating immediate calcium influx through the surface membrane readily accounts for the steady-state reduction in SR calcium content and its more pronounced decline after calcium release