A Folklore Litigation in the Novel Agnaadi by Poomani

Nadar is a term used to describe the primitive manner of life of the human race. People's daily routines and customs are considered to be customs. An ethnic civilization is thought to have developed when customs alter over time and transform into cultural symbols. Every race still retains elements of its traditional dialects even after civilization has advanced. Poomani is regarded as one of the regional authors. He allows the writing to take on its own qualities by combining the aroma of the soil with the free-flowing energies of life. Through the short story ‘Aruppu’, he was introduced to the world of Tamil short stories. Poomani has the ability to write about rural life and aspects of ethnic culture. He wrote a book titled "Agnaadi" in 2012 after researching the history of the residents of Kalingal hamlet in Kovilpatti district. The book won the Sahitya Akademi Award in the year 2014 for its inventive ethnographic history and narrative.  The word Agngnaadi means' mother'. It is a term used by certain ethnic groups. In that way, Poomani’s Agnaadi which has recorded rural life has also recorded folk liturgies. This article examines the novel Agnaadi as a case of folklore litigation

Saiva devotees and Pancha Bhoota Temples Worship

Devotional literature helped to spread the vegan and Vaishnava religions during the period when Palki was growing in Tamil literature. Devotional literature considered the Pancha Bhootas to be a form of deity. It is said that the Lord is the Panchaputra. In the Twelve Trimesters the messages that the Lord has the attributes of the five elements of land, water, air, fire, and sky are subtly highlighted. The Saiva devotees went to the Pancha Bhootas site and worshiped the Lord. These temples were the backdrop for the construction of the temples. The gist of this article is that it highlights the cults of the Saiva devotees in a way that illustrates the glories and specialties of each temple

Self-vacancies in Gallium Arsenide: an ab initio calculation

We report here a reexamination of the static properties of vacancies in GaAs by means of first-principles density-functional calculations using localized basis sets. Our calculated formation energies yields results that are in good agreement with recent experimental and {\it ab-initio} calculation and provide a complete description of the relaxation geometry and energetic for various charge state of vacancies from both sublattices. Gallium vacancies are stable in the 0, -, -2, -3 charge state, but V_Ga^-3 remains the dominant charge state for intrinsic and n-type GaAs, confirming results from positron annihilation. Interestingly, Arsenic vacancies show two successive negative-U transitions making only +1, -1 and -3 charge states stable, while the intermediate defects are metastable. The second transition (-/-3) brings a resonant bond relaxation for V_As^-3 similar to the one identified for silicon and GaAs divacancies.Comment: 14 page

Postbuckling Behaviour of Anisotropic Laminated Composite Plates due to Shear Loading

This study investigates postbuckling behaviour of laminated composite plates using a nine-noded shear flexible quadrilateral plate element. The formulation includes nonlinear strain-displacement relation based on von Karman's assumption. The nonlinear governing equations are solved through iteration. A detailed parametric study is carried out to bring out the influence of ply-angle, aspect ratio and material properties on the postbuckling strength of laminates due to in-plane shear loads

Large chorangiomas: a seven years study in a tertiary care obstetrics and gynaecology hospital

Background: Chorangioma is a benign vascular placental tumour. It is composed of fetal capillary proliferation within the chorionic villi supported by a variable stroma. Smaller lesions are incidental, are often missed and carry no clinical significance. Larger lesions are associated with feto-maternal complications and are infrequently sent for histopathological examination.Methods: The study was conducted at the department of pathology, at a tertiary care obstetrics and gynaecology hospital. The study was a retrospective study which covered 7 years. Paraffin embedded blocks of placental specimens containing mass were taken up for the study. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H and E). The results are compared and correlated with clinicopathologic factors. The statistical data are analysed manually.Results: A total of seven cases were included in the study, 4 cases were primi gravida, 1 case each in second, third and fourth gravida. Pregnancy outcome was intrauterine death in 1 case, dead born in 1 case, alive healthy children in 5 cases, birth weight was normal in 4 children, low birth weight in 2 children and 1 was extremely low birth weight. Of the total of 7 placental specimens 3 showed extraplacental mass and rest 4 showed intraplacental mass. All cases showed solitary lesions and measured > 5cm (large). Histopathological examination of all 7 specimens showed features of chorangioma.Conclusions: Careful inspection of the placenta is necessary following all deliveries. Any suspicious lesions should be documented and evaluated by histopathological examination there by predicting feto maternal complications and help the clinicians in better management of the mother and child accordingly. Meagre documentation of such cases prompted us to present this series of 7 cases of large chorangiomas with a mixed fetal outcome

A Comparative Evaluation of Serum Leptin Level Before and After Phase I Periodontal Therapy in Chronic Periodontitis

BACKGROUND: Leptin is an adipose tissue derived pleiotrophic hormone that plays an important role in the inflammatory diseases of the human being including the inflammatory periodontal disease. The role of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in altering the leptin concentrations in serum of CP patients is yet to be ascertained. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of the present study is to assess and evaluate the concentration of leptin in serum before and after phase I periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis patients. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Level of serum leptin was determined in healthy subjects (control group, n=25) and patients with chronic periodontitis (study group, n=25) and compared with clinical parameters like gingival bleeding index, plaque index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level before and after phase-I therapy. RESULTS: Clinical parameters and leptin level were increased in the serum of patients with chronic periodontitis before phase I therapy compared to healthy subjects. Statistically significant (p=0.00) reduction in clinical parameters and serum leptin level were seen after Phase-I therapy. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that periodontal inflammation may up-regulate serum leptin level and increase clinical parameter values in patients with chronic periodontitis and phase I therapy was able to restore the serum leptin levels and clinical parameters