Inflation persistence in Central and Eastern European countries

This article studies inflation persistence with time-varying coefficient autoregressions for twelve central European countries, in comparison with the United States and the euro area. Inflation persistence tends to be higher in times of high inflation. Since the oil price shocks, inflation persistence has declined both in the US and the euro-area. In most central and eastern European countries, for which our study covers 1993-2012, inflation persistence has also declined, with the main exceptions of the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Slovenia, where persistence seems to be rather stable. These findings have implications for the conduct of monetary policy and for a possible membership in the euro area. We also conclude that the OLS estimate of an autoregression is likely upward biased relative to the time-average of time-varying parameters, when the parameters change

Complex study of H-induced structural rearrangements in FeZr glasses

Microstructural changes and relaxation processes were examined in Fe-Zr based rapidly solidified samples. These phenomena occur far below crystallization temperature in the course of heat treatment, or even at room temperature, induced by absorbed hydrogen

Fénysűrűség mérése digitális fényképezőgéppel

A közlekedési balesetekhez kiérkező helyszínelő csoport digitális fényképezőgépekkel készít helyszíni felvételeket. A fényképezőgépekkel készített felvételek viszont alkalmatlanok igazságügyi szakértői vizsgálatokra, hiszen ezeket a készülékeket nem ilyen feladatok ellátására tervezték. Egy szakértő felelősségteljes véleményt csak megfelelő fénysűrűség adatok birtokában adhat A fénysűrűségnek, mint fizikai mennyiségnek, tehát az egyik jelentős felhasználási területe az igazságügyi szakértői vizsgálat

GPU-Accelerated Simulation of a Rotary Valve by the Discrete Element Method

The rotary valve is the most frequently used piece of equipment that is suitable for the controlled feeding or discharging of products in powdered or granular form. It is usually connected to silos, hoppers, pneumatic conveying systems, bag filters or cyclones. In this paper, a simulation study is presented on the discharge of solid particles from a silo through a rotary valve. The discrete element method (DEM), which accounts for collisions between particles and particle-wall collisions, was used to model and simulate the motion of individual particles. The diameter of the simulated silo was 0.2 m and a total of 245,000 particles were calculated. In the simulations, the effect of the geometric and operational parameters of the rotary valve on the mass outflow rate was investigated. The diameter of the rotary valve varied between 0.06 and 0.12 m and the rotational speed of the rotor was changed between 0.5 and 5 1 . The simulations showed that the mass outflow rate of the particles from the rotary valve changes periodically due to its rotary cell structure. Within the lower range of rotational speeds of the rotor, the mass outflow rate of particles changes linearly in correlation with the rotational speed. The identification of this linear section is important in terms of control as this would facilitate the implementation of control devices by applying well-established linear control algorithms. Adjacent to the linear section, the dependence of the average mass outflow rate on the rotational speed was found to be nonlinear. Within the upper range of examined rotational speeds for each diameter of the rotary valve, the mass outflow rate reaches a maximum then decreases. The simulations were performed using GPU hardware. The application of parallel programming was an essential aspect of the simulations and significantly decreased the calculation time of simulations. In the treatment of particle-wall contacts, a novel flat triangular-based geometric representation technique was used which allows the particle-wall contacts to be calculated more effectively and their treatment implemented more easily into the parallel programming code. Using the calculated particle positions, the particles were visualized to view the effect of the interactions between the particles and rotor blades on particle motion. The simulation results showed that the discrete element method is capable of determining the detailed flow patterns of particles through the rotary valve at various rotational speeds

A statistical approach for estimating mean maximum urban temperature excess.

Munkánkban a városi hősziget (UHI) maximális napi kifejlődését vizsgáltuk Szegeden, a beépítettségi paraméterek függvényében. A hőmérsékleti adatok valamint a beépítettségi arány, a vízfelszín-arány, az égbolt láthatósági index és az épületmagasság, valamint ezek területi kiterjesztései közötti kapcsolatot statisztikus modellezéssel határoztuk meg. A kapott modell-egyenleteket mindkét félévre (fűtési és nem-fűtési) többváltozós lineáris regresszió segítségével állapítottuk meg. Az eredményekből világosan látszik, hogy szignifikáns kapcsolat mutatható ki a maximális UHI területi eloszlása és a beépítettségi paraméterek között, ami azt jelenti, hogy e tényezők fontos szerepet jatszanak a városi hőmérsékleti többlet területi eloszlásának kialakításában. A városi paraméterek közül az égbolt láthatósági index és az épületmagasság a leginkább meghatározó tényező, ami összhangban van a városi felszín energia-egyenlegével. | Investigations concentrated on the urban heat island (UHI) in its strongest development during the diurnal cycle in Szeged, Hungary. Task includes development of statistical models in the heating and non-heating seasons using urban surface parameters (built-up and water surface ratios, sky view factor, building height) and their areal extensions. Model equations were determined by means of stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. As the results show, there is a clear connection between the spatial distribution of the UHI and the examined parameters, so these parameters play an important role in the evolution of the UHI intensity field. Among them the sky view factor and the building height are the most determining factors, which are in line with the urban surface energy balance

Gasoline like fuel from plastic waste pyrolysis and hydrotreatment

Recycling of plastic waste is desirable to lower environmental pollution and fulfil the requirements of circular economy. Energetic utilization is another possibility, however, municipal solid waste containing plastics is usually combusted to generate heat and electricity. An attractive way of dealing with plastic waste is pyrolysis, which has the potential of producing liquid hydrocarbons suitable as a transportation fuel. The pyrolysis results of three plastics produced in the largest amount globally, namely polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene as well as their mixtures are presented. The experiments were performed in a laboratory scale batch reactor. The pyrolysis oils were further processed by distillation to provide gasoline and diesel like (distillation cuts at 210 and 350 °C) hydrocarbons. The gasoline fractions were analysed by GC-MS and the composition was compared with the EU gasoline standard. It was found that the oils from PE, PP and PS contain compounds present in standard gasoline. Mixing PS with PE and PP before the pyrolysis, or the oils afterward produces much closer results to standard requirements as PS pyrolysis generates mostly aromatic content. As standard maximizes the olefin content of gasoline to 18 Vol%, hydrogenation was also performed using Pd based catalyst. The hydrogenation process significantly reduced the number of double bonds resulting in low olefin content. Results show that the pyrolysis of plastic waste mixtures containing PE, PP and PS is a viable method to produce pyrolysis oil suitable for gasoline-like fuel extraction and further hydrogenation of the product can provide gasoline fuels with low olefin content

Finite dimensional irreducible representations and the uniqueness of the Lebesgue decomposition of positive functionals

We prove for an arbitrary complex $^*$-algebra $A$ that every topologically irreducible $^*$-representation of $A$ on a Hilbert space is finite dimensional precisely when the Lebesgue decomposition of representable positive functionals over $A$ is unique. In particular, the uniqueness of the Lebesgue decomposition of positive functionals over the $L^1$-algebras of locally compact groups provides a new characterization of Moore groups.Comment: To appear in: Journal of Operator Theor

Gasoline like fuel from plastic waste pyrolysis and hydrotreatment

Recycling of plastic waste is desirable to lower environmental pollution and fulfil the requirements of circular economy. Energetic utilization is another possibility, however, municipal solid waste containing plastics is usually combusted to generate heat and electricity. An attractive way of dealing with plastic waste is pyrolysis, which has the potential of producing liquid hydrocarbons suitable as a transportation fuel. The pyrolysis results of three plastics produced in the largest amount globally, namely polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene as well as their mixtures are presented. The experiments were performed in a laboratory scale batch reactor. The pyrolysis oils were further processed by distillation to provide gasoline and diesel like (distillation cuts at 210 and 350 °C) hydrocarbons. The gasoline fractions were analysed by GC-MS and the composition was compared with the EU gasoline standard. It was found that the oils from PE, PP and PS contain compounds present in standard gasoline. Mixing PS with PE and PP before the pyrolysis, or the oils afterward produces much closer results to standard requirements as PS pyrolysis generates mostly aromatic content. As standard maximizes the olefin content of gasoline to 18 Vol%, hydrogenation was also performed using Pd based catalyst. The hydrogenation process significantly reduced the number of double bonds resulting in low olefin content. Results show that the pyrolysis of plastic waste mixtures containing PE, PP and PS is a viable method to produce pyrolysis oil suitable for gasoline-like fuel extraction and further hydrogenation of the product can provide gasoline fuels with low olefin content