The Effect of a Psycho-Training Program Designed to Increase Optimism on Secondary School Students

The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of a psycho-training program designed to increase optimism levels of the secondary school students. Pre-test post-test control group design was used in the study. “Life Orientation Scale”, which was developed by Scheier and Carver (1987) and adapted by Aydın and Tezer (1991), was applied to the 8th graders of Istanbul Avcılar Cihangir State School in 2015-2016 academic year. 24 voluntary students with low optimism levels were selected, then, 12 of them were randomly assigned as experimental group, and the other 12 were assigned as control group. Psycho-training program was applied to only experimental group for one and half hour for eight weeks. Control group was not exposed to any manipulation. The independent variable in this study was psycho-training program and the dependent variable was the optimism level of the students.  For the analysis of the data Mann- Whitney U test was used for inter-group differences and Wilcoxon Signed Rang Test was used for intra-group differences. The results of the study indicate that psycho-training program designed to increase optimism levels has been effective in increasing optimism levels of the students in experimental group. Keywords: Optimism, Secondary school students, Psycho-training program China insurance industry, Foreign fund, Challenge DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/9-2-0

The effect of group counseling program on dealing with school exhaustion of 7th grade students

In this research, the effect of Group Counseling Program on coping with school exhaustion was investigated. The study was conducted with 7th grade students attending Private Bogazici Educational Center in Bakirkoy, Istanbul during 2016-2017 academic year. “the School Burnout Scale for the Second Level of Primary Education”, which was developed by Aypay (2011) was used to assess school exhaustion levels. Sixteen (8 males and 8 females) out of 96 students with high school exhaustion levels and willing to participate in the study was selected randomly. 8 of them were randomly assigned as experimental group (4 males and 4 females) and the other 8 students were randomly assigned as control group. In this research, pre-test post-test control group design was used. In the study, group counseling was applied to the experimental group for 8 weeks and no treatment was given to the control group. For the analysis of the data, Mann-Whitney-U test was used for intragroup comparison; and Wilcoxon test was used for inter-group comparison. As a result, it was found that group counseling program was effective in decreasing school exhaustion; however, it was not effective in family originated exhaustion and school inadequacy, which are sub-dimensions of school exhaustion. The results showed that there was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores of total exhaustion scores. Obtained data was interpreted and recommendations were given in the scope of the literature

İşveren Markası ve İşveren Markasının Duygusal Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkisi: Konaklama İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama

Amaç – İnsan kaynağının büyük öneme sahip olduğu konaklama işletmelerinde, çalışanların işveren markası algılamalarının ve örgütsel bağlılıklarının, hangi demografik özelliklere göre değişiklik gösterdiği ve işveren markası algılamalarının duygusal bağlılık üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla bu çalışma yapılmıştır. Yöntem – Çalışmada, önde gelen zincir marka otellerin toplamda 387 çalışanına anket tekniği ile sorular yöneltilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS programında frekans dağılımı, faktör analizi, t-testi, varyans analizi, korelasyon ve regresyon analizi yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular – Yapılan faktör analizi sonucunda çalışanların işveren markası algılarının beş boyuttan oluştuğu (uygulama, sosyal, ekonomik, ilgi, gelişim) belirlenmiştir. Çalışanların işveren markası algılamalarının ve örgütsel bağlılıklarının demografik özelliklerden turizm eğitimi alma, yaş, çalışma süresi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Turizm eğitimi alan çalışanların işletme tercihinde sosyal, ilgi ve gelişim değerini daha fazla önemsedikleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışanların işveren markası algısının tüm boyutlarının duygusal bağlılıkları üzerinde pozitif yönlü bir ilişkinin olduğu ve işletmenin sunduğu uygulama değerinin çalışanın işletmeye olan duygusal bağlılığını en çok etkileyen faktör olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tartışma – Kuruluşların yetenekli çalışanları bünyelerine dahil etmek adına birbirleri ile girdikleri savaşta, niteliği yüksek adaylar ve çalışanlar; ‘çalışılabilecek en iyi yer’, ‘en popüler şirket’ gibi markalaşmış firmalar arasından kendilerine cazip gelenleri tercih etmektedirler. Bu aday çalışanları kendilerine çekebilmek ve var olan çalışanlarını da elde tutabilmek adına kuruluşların, insan kaynakları alanında belirli bir imaja sahip olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu noktada son yıllarda gittikçe popüler olmaya başlayan ‘işveren markası’ kavramı, doğru insan kaynağını örgüte kazandırmayı ve örgütsel bağlılık yaratarak elde tutmayı sağlamaktadır

İşveren Markası ve İşveren Markasının Duygusal Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkisi: Konaklama İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama

Amaç – İnsan kaynağının büyük öneme sahip olduğu konaklama işletmelerinde, çalışanların işveren markası algılamalarının ve örgütsel bağlılıklarının, hangi demografik özelliklere göre değişiklik gösterdiği ve işveren markası algılamalarının duygusal bağlılık üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla bu çalışma yapılmıştır. Yöntem – Çalışmada, önde gelen zincir marka otellerin toplamda 387 çalışanına anket tekniği ile sorular yöneltilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS programında frekans dağılımı, faktör analizi, t-testi, varyans analizi, korelasyon ve regresyon analizi yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular – Yapılan faktör analizi sonucunda çalışanların işveren markası algılarının beş boyuttan oluştuğu (uygulama, sosyal, ekonomik, ilgi, gelişim) belirlenmiştir. Çalışanların işveren markası algılamalarının ve örgütsel bağlılıklarının demografik özelliklerden turizm eğitimi alma, yaş, çalışma süresi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Turizm eğitimi alan çalışanların işletme tercihinde sosyal, ilgi ve gelişim değerini daha fazla önemsedikleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışanların işveren markası algısının tüm boyutlarının duygusal bağlılıkları üzerinde pozitif yönlü bir ilişkinin olduğu ve işletmenin sunduğu uygulama değerinin çalışanın işletmeye olan duygusal bağlılığını en çok etkileyen faktör olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tartışma – Kuruluşların yetenekli çalışanları bünyelerine dahil etmek adına birbirleri ile girdikleri savaşta, niteliği yüksek adaylar ve çalışanlar; ‘çalışılabilecek en iyi yer’, ‘en popüler şirket’ gibi markalaşmış firmalar arasından kendilerine cazip gelenleri tercih etmektedirler. Bu aday çalışanları kendilerine çekebilmek ve var olan çalışanlarını da elde tutabilmek adına kuruluşların, insan kaynakları alanında belirli bir imaja sahip olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu noktada son yıllarda gittikçe popüler olmaya başlayan ‘işveren markası’ kavramı, doğru insan kaynağını örgüte kazandırmayı ve örgütsel bağlılık yaratarak elde tutmayı sağlamaktadır

In a real-life setting, direct-acting antivirals to people who inject drugs with chronic hepatitis c in Turkey

Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) should be treated in order to eliminate hepatitis C virus in the world. The aim of this study was to compare direct-acting antivirals treatment of hepatitis C virus for PWID and non-PWID in a real-life setting. Methods: We performed a prospective, non-randomized, observational multicenter cohort study in 37 centers. All patients treated with direct-acting antivirals between April 1, 2017, and February 28, 2019, were included. In total, 2713 patients were included in the study among which 250 were PWID and 2463 were non-PWID. Besides patient characteristics, treatment response, follow-up, and side effects of treatment were also analyzed. Results: Genotype 1a and 3 were more prevalent in PWID-infected patients (20.4% vs 9.9% and 46.8% vs 5.3%). The number of naïve patients was higher in PWID (90.7% vs 60.0%), while the number of patients with cirrhosis was higher in non-PWID (14.1% vs 3.7%). The loss of follow-up was higher in PWID (29.6% vs 13.6%). There was no difference in the sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after treatment (98.3% vs 98.4%), but the end of treatment response was lower in PWID (96.2% vs 99.0%). In addition, the rate of treatment completion was lower in PWID (74% vs 94.4%). Conclusion: Direct-acting antivirals were safe and effective in PWID. Primary measures should be taken to prevent the loss of follow-up and poor adherence in PWID patients in order to achieve World Health Organization’s objective of eliminating viral hepatitis

Sex differences in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after adenoviral vaccination against COVID-19

Introduction: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis associated with vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (CVST-VITT) is a severe disease with high mortality. There are few data on sex differences in CVST-VITT. The aim of our study was to investigate the differences in presentation, treatment, clinical course, complications, and outcome of CVST-VITT between women and men. Patients and methods: We used data from an ongoing international registry on CVST-VITT. VITT was diagnosed according to the Pavord criteria. We compared the characteristics of CVST-VITT in women and men. Results: Of 133 patients with possible, probable, or definite CVST-VITT, 102 (77%) were women. Women were slightly younger [median age 42 (IQR 28–54) vs 45 (28–56)], presented more often with coma (26% vs 10%) and had a lower platelet count at presentation [median (IQR) 50x109/L (28–79) vs 68 (30–125)] than men. The nadir platelet count was lower in women [median (IQR) 34 (19–62) vs 53 (20–92)]. More women received endovascular treatment than men (15% vs 6%). Rates of treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins were similar (63% vs 66%), as were new venous thromboembolic events (14% vs 14%) and major bleeding complications (30% vs 20%). Rates of good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0-2, 42% vs 45%) and in-hospital death (39% vs 41%) did not differ. Discussion and conclusions: Three quarters of CVST-VITT patients in this study were women. Women were more severely affected at presentation, but clinical course and outcome did not differ between women and men. VITT-specific treatments were overall similar, but more women received endovascular treatment.</p

Sex differences in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after adenoviral vaccination against COVID-19

Introduction: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis associated with vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (CVST-VITT) is a severe disease with high mortality. There are few data on sex differences in CVST-VITT. The aim of our study was to investigate the differences in presentation, treatment, clinical course, complications, and outcome of CVST-VITT between women and men. Patients and methods: We used data from an ongoing international registry on CVST-VITT. VITT was diagnosed according to the Pavord criteria. We compared the characteristics of CVST-VITT in women and men. Results: Of 133 patients with possible, probable, or definite CVST-VITT, 102 (77%) were women. Women were slightly younger [median age 42 (IQR 28–54) vs 45 (28–56)], presented more often with coma (26% vs 10%) and had a lower platelet count at presentation [median (IQR) 50x109/L (28–79) vs 68 (30–125)] than men. The nadir platelet count was lower in women [median (IQR) 34 (19–62) vs 53 (20–92)]. More women received endovascular treatment than men (15% vs 6%). Rates of treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins were similar (63% vs 66%), as were new venous thromboembolic events (14% vs 14%) and major bleeding complications (30% vs 20%). Rates of good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0-2, 42% vs 45%) and in-hospital death (39% vs 41%) did not differ. Discussion and conclusions: Three quarters of CVST-VITT patients in this study were women. Women were more severely affected at presentation, but clinical course and outcome did not differ between women and men. VITT-specific treatments were overall similar, but more women received endovascular treatment.</p

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis due to vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia in middle-income countries

Background: Adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccines are extensively used in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Remarkably, cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis due to vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (CVST-VITT) have rarely been reported from LMICs. Aims: We studied the frequency, manifestations, treatment, and outcomes of CVST-VITT in LMICs. Methods: We report data from an international registry on CVST after COVID-19 vaccination. VITT was classified according to the Pavord criteria. We compared CVST-VITT cases from LMICs to cases from high-income countries (HICs). Results: Until August 2022, 228 CVST cases were reported, of which 63 were from LMICs (all middle-income countries [MICs]: Brazil, China, India, Iran, Mexico, Pakistan, Turkey). Of these 63, 32 (51%) met the VITT criteria, compared to 103 of 165 (62%) from HICs. Only 5 of the 32 (16%) CVST-VITT cases from MICs had definite VITT, mostly because anti-platelet factor 4 antibodies were often not tested. The median age was 26 (interquartile range [IQR] 20–37) versus 47 (IQR 32–58) years, and the proportion of women was 25 of 32 (78%) versus 77 of 103 (75%) in MICs versus HICs, respectively. Patients from MICs were diagnosed later than patients from HICs (1/32 [3%] vs. 65/103 [63%] diagnosed before May 2021). Clinical manifestations, including intracranial hemorrhage, were largely similar as was intravenous immunoglobulin use. In-hospital mortality was lower in MICs (7/31 [23%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11–40]) than in HICs (44/102 [43%, 95% CI 34–53], p = 0.039). Conclusions: The number of CVST-VITT cases reported from LMICs was small despite the widespread use of adenoviral vaccines. Clinical manifestations and treatment of CVST-VITT cases were largely similar in MICs and HICs, while mortality was lower in patients from MICs.</p

Hidden inequalities amongst the international workforce

This chapter focuses on low status expatriates who have been largely ‘hidden’ from managerial scholarship. They are ‘hidden’ because they are ignored by the migrant literature which looks at people trying to remain in their new society and gain citizenship; and ignored by the expatriation literature which is mainly concerned with high-status ‘top’ talent. These hidden expatriates are typically maids, drivers, security guards, and construction workers - low status and low paid, unable to obtain citizenship, and liable to be sent home, unemployed, at the whim of their employer. If we, as scholars, are to contribute to the betterment of society by elevating the health and well-being of those who live in it, then we must recognise the existence of and address the management issues and concerns of those at the ‘bottom of the pyramid’. We use Organisational Justice theory and draw on examples from Turkey, Singapore and the Middle East to examine the position, the concerns, and the issues of such workers and their often-unequal place in the workforce

Zeytin yaprağı ekstraktı yüklenmiş kalsium aljinat kitosan mikrokapsüllerin sentezlenmesi ve kanser hücreleri üzerindeki antikanser aktivitelerinin incelenmesi

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Biotechnology, Izmir, 2014Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 84-89)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxii, 95 leavesAs we all know there are too many diseases which can be counted as fatal. But cancer is one of the most terrifying one for human race. Moreover, breast cancer in females and lung cancer in males are the most common cancer types. Although there are so many treatment methods, they have severe side effects. On the other hand, mother earth is so willing to give her hand and open all of the sources she got. O. europaea is one of the most important valuable source and Mediterranean area is blessed with that source. Olive and olive products may play an important role in cancer prevention. However, there are some limitations on their direct usage. Since encapsulation technology can seal valuable things into small capsules, it can be used to alleviate these limitations. In this study, the aim was figure the limitations of olive leaf extract (OLE) out with the encapsulation technology and enhance the effectiveness. Moreover, assess this effectiveness on cancer cell lines. Thus, OLE loaded calcium alginate (OLE-Ca-Alg) capsules produced by ionic-crosslinking. To limit the loss of OLE, capsules were coated with chitosan (CS) and OLE loaded chitosan calcium alginate (OLE-CS-Ca-Alg) were produced–two stage procedure. Optimization studies and characterization of the microcapsules were carried out. To investigate their anticancer effectiveness cytotoxicity, cell cycle and apoptosis analysis were performed for lung and breast cancer cell lines besides cytotoxic effects of the capsules were compared with healthy cell line. Additionally, visual observations were done by optical microscopy. Consequently, results showed OLE loaded capsules are more cytotoxic than free OLE. These effects were supported with cell cycle, apoptosis analysis and optical microscopy observations. In contrast none of compounds was cytotoxic for healthy cells. Thus, it can be concluded that our results will enhance the drug industry as it is a new approach for anticancer drugs and biocompatible material for biomedical applications