Rethinking Social Action through Music

"How can we better understand the past, present and future of Social Action through Music (SATM)? This ground-breaking book examines the development of the Red de Escuelas de Música de Medellín (the Network of Music Schools of Medellín), a network of 27 schools founded in Colombia’s second city in 1996 as a response to its reputation as the most dangerous city on Earth. Inspired by El Sistema, the foundational Venezuelan music education program, the Red is nonetheless markedly different: its history is one of multiple reinventions and a continual search to improve its educational offering and better realise its social goals. Its internal reflections and attempts at transformation shed valuable light on the past, present, and future of SATM. Based on a year of intensive fieldwork in Colombia and written by Geoffrey Baker, the author of El Sistema: Orchestrating Venezuela’s Youth (2014), this important volume offers fresh insights on SATM and its evolution both in scholarship and in practice. It will be of interest to a very varied readership: employees and leaders of SATM programs; music educators; funders and policy-makers; and students and scholars of SATM, music education, ethnomusicology, and other related fields.

Adaptive Behavioral Outcomes: Assurance Of Learning And Assessment

Business schools are currently being criticized for lacking relevance to the applied working environment in which students are supposed to be prepared to make immediate contributions and reasoned independent decisions in a fluidly changing market (Haskell and Beliveau, 2010, and Michlitsch and Sidle, 2002). While technical skills (accounting, marketing, finance, etc.) have comprised the core of traditional course subject matter, today’s businesses also need graduates who arrive to work possessing integrative skills such as adaptable decision-making in changing competitive environments. Teaching and assessing integrative adaptive behavioral outcomes is both a break from the norm and a challenge to those tasked with developing assessment standards and rubrics. Discussing the demand for developing and assessing adaptive learning skills in business schools is the easy part. Incorporating the development of these non-technical skills into curricula or programs of learning requires one to identify specific skills that require adaptive improvement, design specific pedagogy to develop the skills, and longitudinally measure student performance. In reality, many business curricula lack learning environments where integrative non-technical skills such as longitudinal adaptive behavior can be isolated and programmed for improvement. This manuscript identifies an experiential inductive-based teaching method that has been extended to account for longitudinal variation in adaptive behavior-based learning. It describes a holistic course pedagogy that builds on traditional theoretical knowledge, but then requires students to actively apply that knowledge using interdisciplinary decision-making that receives ongoing competitive market feedback. An assessment rubric is also suggested for linking to important AACSB Assurance-of-Learning objectives targeted at measuring behavioral-based outcomes related to applied adaptive decision-making behavior. Finally, methods are suggested in which adaptive behavioral outcomes can be integrated into other forms of more traditional pedagogy

Replanteando la acción social por la música

How can we better understand the past, present and future of Social Action for Music (ASPM)? This groundbreaking book examines the development of La Red de Escuelas de Música de Medellín, a network of 27 schools founded in 1996 in Colombia's second largest city in response to its reputation as the most dangerous city on Earth. Inspired by El Sistema, the founding Venezuelan music education program, La Red is, however, remarkably different: its history is one of multiple reinventions and a continuous search to improve its educational offer and better achieve its social objectives. His insights and attempts at transformation shed valuable light on ASPM's past, present, and future. Based on a year of intensive fieldwork in Colombia and written by Geoffrey Baker, author of El Sistema: Orchestrating Venezuela's Youth (2014), this important volume offers new perspectives on ASPM and its evolution both in academia and in practice. It will be of interest to a wide variety of audiences: employees and leaders of ASPM programs; music educators; sponsors and political leaders; and students and scholars from fields such as ASPM, music education, ethnomusicology, and other related fields.¿Cómo podemos comprender mejor el pasado, el presente y el futuro de la Acción Social por la Música (ASPM)? Este libro pionero examina el desarrollo de La Red de Escuelas de Música de Medellín, una red de 27 escuelas fundada en 1996 en la segunda ciudad principal de Colombia como respuesta a su reputación como la ciudad más peligrosa en la Tierra. Inspirada en El Sistema, el programa venezolano fundacional de educación musical, La Red es, no obstante, notablemente diferente: su historia es una de múltiples reinvenciones y de una búsqueda continua para mejorar su oferta educativa y alcanzar mejor sus objetivos sociales. Sus reflexiones internas e intentos de transformación arrojan luz valiosa sobre el pasado, el presente y el futuro de ASPM. Basado en un año de trabajo de campo intensivo en Colombia y escrito por Geoffrey Baker, autor de El Sistema: Orchestrating Venezuela’s Youth (2014), este importante volumen ofrece nuevas perspectivas sobre ASPM y su evolución tanto en el ámbito académico como en la práctica. Será de interés para un público muy variado: empleados y líderes de programas ASPM; educadores musicales; patrocinadores y responsables políticos; y estudiantes y académicos de campos como ASPM, la educación musical, la etnomusicología y otros campos relacionados

James van Allen and his namesake NASA mission

Abstract In many ways, James A. Van Allen defined and “invented” modern space research. His example showed the way for government-university partners to pursue basic research that also served important national and international goals. He was a tireless advocate for space exploration and for the role of space science in the spectrum of national priorities

CB1 Receptor Antagonism Blocks Stress-Potentiated Reinstatement of Cocaine Seeking in Rats

Rationale Under some conditions, stress, rather than directly triggering cocaine seeking, potentiates reinstatement to other stimuli, including a subthreshold cocaine dose. The mechanisms responsible for stress-potentiated reinstatement are not well defined. Endocannabinoid signaling is increased by stress and regulates synaptic transmission in brain regions implicated in motivated behavior. Objectives The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) signaling is required for stress-potentiated reinstatement of cocaine seeking in rats. Methods Following i.v. cocaine self-administration (2 h access/day) and extinction in male rats, footshock stress alone does not reinstate cocaine seeking but reinstatement is observed when footshock is followed by an injection of an otherwise subthreshold dose of cocaine (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.). CB1R involvement was tested by systemic administration of the CB1R antagonist AM251 (0, 1, or 3 mg/kg, i.p.) prior to testing for stress-potentiated reinstatement. Results Stress-potentiated reinstatement was blocked by both 1 and 3 mg/kg AM251. By contrast, AM251 only attenuated food-reinforced lever pressing at the higher dose (i.e., 3 mg/kg) and did not affect locomotor activity at either dose tested. Neither high-dose cocaine-primed reinstatement (10 mg/kg, i.p.) nor footshock stress-triggered reinstatement following long-access cocaine self-administration (6 h access/day) was affected by AM251 pretreatment. Footshock stress increased concentrations of both endocannabinoids, N-arachidonylethanolamine and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, in regions of the prefrontal cortex. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that footshock stress increases prefrontal cortical endocannabinoids and stress-potentiated reinstatement is CB1R-dependent, suggesting that CB1R is a potential therapeutic target for relapse prevention, particularly in individuals whose cocaine use is stress-related

Replanteando la acción social por la música

How can we better understand the past, present and future of Social Action for Music (ASPM)? This groundbreaking book examines the development of La Red de Escuelas de Música de Medellín, a network of 27 schools founded in 1996 in Colombia's second largest city in response to its reputation as the most dangerous city on Earth. Inspired by El Sistema, the founding Venezuelan music education program, La Red is, however, remarkably different: its history is one of multiple reinventions and a continuous search to improve its educational offer and better achieve its social objectives. His insights and attempts at transformation shed valuable light on ASPM's past, present, and future. Based on a year of intensive fieldwork in Colombia and written by Geoffrey Baker, author of El Sistema: Orchestrating Venezuela's Youth (2014), this important volume offers new perspectives on ASPM and its evolution both in academia and in practice. It will be of interest to a wide variety of audiences: employees and leaders of ASPM programs; music educators; sponsors and political leaders; and students and scholars from fields such as ASPM, music education, ethnomusicology, and other related fields

Quantifying the radiation belt seed population in the 17 March 2013 electron acceleration event

Abstract We present phase space density (PSD) observations using data from the Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer instrument on the Van Allen Probes for the 17 March 2013 electron acceleration event. We confirm previous results and quantify how PSD gradients depend on the first adiabatic invariant. We find a systematic difference between the lower-energy electrons (1-MeV with a source region within the radiation belts. Our observations show that the source process begins with enhancements to the 10s-100s-keV energy seed population, followed by enhancements to the \u3e1-MeV population and eventually leading to enhancements in the multi-MeV electron population these observations provide the clearest evidence to date of the timing and nature of the radial transport of a 100s keV electron seed population into the heart of the outer belt and subsequent local acceleration of those electrons to higher radiation belt energies. Key Points Quantification of phase space density gradients inside geostationary orbit Clear differences between the source of low energy and relativistic electrons Clear observations of how the acceleration process evolves in energy

Quantifying the relative contributions of substorm injections and chorus waves to the rapid outward extension of electron radiation belt

Abstract We study the rapid outward extension of the electron radiation belt on a timescale of several hours during three events observed by Radiation Belt Storm Probes and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms satellites and particularly quantify the contributions of substorm injections and chorus waves to the electron flux enhancement near the outer boundary of radiation belt. A comprehensive analysis including both observations and simulations is performed for the first event on 26 May 2013. The outer boundary of electron radiation belt moved from L = 5.5 to L \u3e 6.07 over about 6 h, with up to 4 orders of magnitude enhancement in the 30 keV to 5 MeV electron fluxes at L = 6. The observations show that the substorm injection can cause 100% and 20% of the total subrelativistic (∼0.1 MeV) and relativistic (2-5 MeV) electron flux enhancements within a few minutes. The data-driven simulation supports that the strong chorus waves can yield 60%-80% of the total energetic (0.2-5.0 MeV) electron flux enhancement within about 6 h. Some simple analyses are further given for the other two events on 2 and 29 June 2013, in which the contributions of substorm injections and chorus waves are shown to be qualitatively comparable to those for the first event. These results clearly illustrate the respective importance of substorm injections and chorus waves for the evolution of radiation belt electrons at different energies on a relatively short timescale. Key Points Rapid outward extension of electron radiation belt observed by RBSP and THEMIS A two-step scenario to explain the rapid flux enchantment Differentiating between contributions of substorm injections and chorus waves