İnternal maligniteli hastalarda deri değişiklikleri

Giriş: İnternal maligniteler immünolojik, metabolik ve metastatik yollarla malign hücrelerin deriye metastazı, paraneoplastik sendromlar veya nonspesifik lezyonlar şeklinde çok sayıda deri bulgularına yol açabilirler. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı internal maligniteli hastalarda deri bulgularını araştırmak ve bu hastalara yaklaşımda öncelikli deri sorunlarını irdelemektir. Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada karsinom tanısı almış, Fırat Üniversitesi Hastanesi Onkoloji servisinde yatarak tedavi gören iki yüz hastanın deri bulguları değerlendirildi. Hastaların anamnezleri kaydedildi, detaylı kutanöz ve sistemik muayene yapıldı, klinik fotografları çekildi. Gerekli görülen hastalarda deri biyopsisi, fungal enfeksiyonlar için kazıntı alındı ve tüm kutanöz metastatik lezyonlar histopatolojik olarak doğrulandı. Bulgular: Onkoloji servisinde yatmakta olan internal maligniteli 200 hastanın 88i (%44) kadın ve 112si (%56) erkekti. Hastalarda tanı konulan en sık primer tümörler 35 (%17,5) mide, 33 (%16,5) akciğer ve 31 (%15,5) kolorektal karsinomdu. Hastaların 83ünde (%41,5) saç bulguları mevcut olup saç tutulumunun kemoterapi (p=0,001), kür sayısı (p=0,001) ve radyoterapi (p=0,04) ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde ilişkili olduğu saptandı. Hastaların 119ünde (%59,5) tırnak bulguları mevcut olup, tırnak tutulumu kemoterapi (p=0,001) ve kür sayısı (p=0,05) ile ilişkili bulundu. Hastaların 100ünde (%50) oral mukoza tutulumu ve 132ünde (%66) palmoplantar tutulumu mevcut olup, her iki tutulum da alınan kemoterapi ile anlamlı düzeyde ilişkiliydi (p<0,05). Sonuç: İnternal maligniteli hastalarda deri metastaz bulgusuna, özellikle kemoterapi uygulaması ve alınan kür sayısı ile ilişkili olan çok sayıda saç, tırnak, deri ve mukoza bulgusu da eşlik etmektedir.Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate skin findings in patients with internal malignancy and highlight the primary skin problems in these cases. Methods: In this study, the findings of cutaneous of 200 patients, hospitalized in the Department of Oncology Fırat University Hospital, were evaluated. The medical histories provided by the patients were recorded, comprehensive cutaneous and systemic examinations were performed, and clinical photos were taken. When considered necessary, skin biopsy and scrapings for fungal infections were collected, while all the cutaneous metastatic lesions were confirmed by histopathology. Results: Among the 200 inpatients with internal malignancy who were admitted to the Department of Oncology, 88 (44%) were female and 112 (56%) were male. Eighty-three patients (41.5%) had hair findings, while hair involvement was found to have a significant relationship with chemotherapy (p=0.001), number of cycles (p=0.001), and radiotherapy (p=0.04). As 119 patients (59.5%) exhibited nail findings, nail involvement was found to be linked with chemotherapy (p=0.001) and number of cycles (p=0.05). Oral mucosa involvement was observed in 100 patients (50%) and palmoplantar involvement was determined in 132 patients (66%); both were significantly associated with chemotherapy (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: As well as skin metastases, internal malignancy cases accompany with many hair, nail, skin, and mucosal findings, which are significantly associated with chemotherapy and the number of its cycles

Anterior Colporrhaphy Technique and Approach Choices: Turkey Evaluation

Amaç:­ Türkiye'de anterior vajinal duvar cerrahisi ile ilgilenen cerrahlar arasındaki anterior kolporafi tekniklerindeki ve yaklaşımlarındaki farklılıkları değerlendirmektir. Yöntemler: Preoperatif muayeneyi, anterior kolporafi tekniğini, operasyon tercihlerini ve postoperatif bakımı değerlendiren anket cerrahlara sunuldu. Direkt olarak, elektronik posta, telefon veya anlık mesajlaşma ile iletişime geçildi. Yirmi sekiz soruluk anketi kullandık. Data analizi yapıldı ve frekanslar hesaplandı. Bulgular: Anketi tamamlayan 116 kişi vardı. Büyük bir kısmını (%87,9) genç jinekologlar oluşturuyordu. Ürologlar çalışma popülasyonunun %9,5'ini oluşturuyordu. Paravajinal defekti değerlendirme oranı %75,9'du ve çoğunlukla rugaların izlenmesi ile değerlendiriliyordu. Transperineal 3D pelvik taban ultrasonografi kullanımı düşüktü (%5,7). Levator ani kas hasarını değerlendirme oranı %46,6 idi. Levator ani kas defekti için transperineal ultrasonografi kullananlar cerrahlar %19'du. Hidrodiseksiyon kullanımı, fasya plikasyonu, fazlalık vajina mukozasının çıkartılması ve sütur tercihleri konusunda farklılıklar mevcuttu. Anterior kolporafi için meş kullanımı nadir (%17,8) olup, çoğunlukla (%12,2) nüks olgularında kullanılıyordu. Paravajinal defekt onarımı yapanlar anketi cevaplayanlar içinde %31,9'du. Üriner kateter genellikle birinci veya ikinci gün çıkartılıyordu. Vajinal tampon genellikle operasyondan 24 saat sonra çıkartılıyordu. Sonuç:­Türkiye'deki operatörler arasında anterior vajinal duvar onarımı teknikleri ve yaklaşımları çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Teknikler arasındaki bu farklılıklar en iyi cerrahi teknik konusunda fikir birliği olmadığını düşündürmektedir. Teşhis için kullanılan teknolojinin gelişimi ile birlikte operasyon seçenekleri de değişebilir.Aim: To evaluate the diversity in techniques and approaches for anterior colporrhaphy among operators in Turkey.Methods: A survey evaluating the preoperative examination, technique of anterior colporrhaphy, operation choice and postoperative care was presented to surgeons. We contacted via directly, mail or telephone. We used 28 item questionnaire. Results: Majority (87.9%) was composed of young gynecologists. Urologists composed of the 9.5% of the study population. The rate of paravaginal defect evaluation was 75.9% and mostly by inspection the presence of vaginal rugae. The use of transperineal 3D pelvic floor ultrasonography was low (5.7%). The evaluation of levator ani muscle defect was 46.6%. The usage of the transperineal 3D ultrasonography for levator ani muscle defect was 19 percent of operators. There were diversity in use of hydrodissection, fascial plication, excision of vaginal mucosa and suture choice. Usage of mesh for anterior colporrhaphy was limited (17.8%) and mostly in recurrent cases (12.2%). Paravaginal defect repair rate was 31.9%. The urinary catheter was generally removed one or two day after operation. Vaginal pack usually removed 24 hours after. Conclusion: Several techniques and approaches for anterior vaginal wall repair among operators in Turkey. The variety of techniques suggested that there is no consensus on best surgical techniqu

Mortality analysis of COVID-19 infection in chronic kidney disease, haemodialysis and renal transplant patients compared with patients without kidney disease: a nationwide analysis from Turkey

Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and immunosuppression, such as in renal transplantation (RT), stand as one of the established potential risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Case morbidity and mortality rates for any type of infection have always been much higher in CKD, haemodialysis (HD) and RT patients than in the general population. A large study comparing COVID-19 outcome in moderate to advanced CKD (Stages 3-5), HD and RT patients with a control group of patients is still lacking. Methods. We conducted a multicentre, retrospective, observational study, involving hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19 from 47 centres in Turkey. Patients with CKD Stages 3-5, chronic HD and RT were compared with patients who had COVID-19 but no kidney disease. Demographics, comorbidities, medications, laboratory tests, COVID-19 treatments and outcome [in-hospital mortality and combined in-hospital outcome mortality or admission to the intensive care unit (ICU)] were compared. Results. A total of 1210 patients were included [median age, 61 (quartile 1-quartile 3 48-71) years, female 551 (45.5%)] composed of four groups: Control (n = 450), HD (n = 390), RT (n = 81) and CKD (n = 289). The ICU admission rate was 266/ 1210 (22.0%). A total of 172/1210 (14.2%) patients died. The ICU admission and in-hospital mortality rates in the CKD group [114/289 (39.4%); 95% confidence interval (CI) 33.9-45.2; and 82/289 (28.4%); 95% CI 23.9-34.5)] were significantly higher than the other groups: HD = 99/390 (25.4%; 95% CI 21.3-29.9; P<0.001) and 63/390 (16.2%; 95% CI 13.0-20.4; P<0.001); RT = 17/81 (21.0%; 95% CI 13.2-30.8; P = 0.002) and 9/81 (11.1%; 95% CI 5.7-19.5; P = 0.001); and control = 36/450 (8.0%; 95% CI 5.8-10.8; P<0.001) and 18/450 (4%; 95% CI 2.5-6.2; P<0.001). Adjusted mortality and adjusted combined outcomes in CKD group and HD groups were significantly higher than the control group [hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) CKD: 2.88 (1.52- 5.44); P = 0.001; 2.44 (1.35-4.40); P = 0.003; HD: 2.32 (1.21- 4.46); P = 0.011; 2.25 (1.23-4.12); P = 0.008), respectively], but these were not significantly different in the RT from in the control group [HR (95% CI) 1.89 (0.76-4.72); P = 0.169; 1.87 (0.81-4.28); P = 0.138, respectively]. Conclusions. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with CKDs, including Stages 3-5 CKD, HD and RT, have significantly higher mortality than patients without kidney disease. Stages 3-5 CKD patients have an in-hospital mortality rate as much as HD patients, which may be in part because of similar age and comorbidity burden. We were unable to assess if RT patients were or were not at increased risk for in-hospital mortality because of the relatively small sample size of the RT patients in this study