Team dynamics in emergency surgery teams: results from a first international survey

Background: Emergency surgery represents a unique context. Trauma teams are often multidisciplinary and need to operate under extreme stress and time constraints, sometimes with no awareness of the trauma\u2019s causes or the patient\u2019s personal and clinical information. In this perspective, the dynamics of how trauma teams function is fundamental to ensuring the best performance and outcomes. Methods: An online survey was conducted among the World Society of Emergency Surgery members in early 2021. 402 fully filled questionnaires on the topics of knowledge translation dynamics and tools, non-technical skills, and difficulties in teamwork were collected. Data were analyzed using the software R, and reported following the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES). Results: Findings highlight how several surgeons are still unsure about the meaning and potential of knowledge translation and its mechanisms. Tools like training, clinical guidelines, and non-technical skills are recognized and used in clinical practice. Others, like patients\u2019 and stakeholders\u2019 engagement, are hardly implemented, despite their increasing importance in the modern healthcare scenario. Several difficulties in working as a team are described, including the lack of time, communication, training, trust, and ego. Discussion: Scientific societies should take the lead in offering training and support about the abovementioned topics. Dedicated educational initiatives, practical cases and experiences, workshops and symposia may allow mitigating the difficulties highlighted by the survey\u2019s participants, boosting the performance of emergency teams. Additional investigation of the survey results and its characteristics may lead to more further specific suggestions and potential solutions

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Selective resistance of short arm of chromosome 4E of Agropyron elongatum to Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici isolates

To-date, several alien addition lines of wheat have been developed in different parts of the world (Evans and Jenkins 1960, Islam et al 1978, Dvorak 1980, Morris et al 1990). Some of them have been successfully used as donors of disease resistance to wheat cultivars (Sears 1956, Riley et al 1968, Cauderon et al 1973)

Association of different traits with monosomic addition lines of Aegilops squarrosa in Triticum durum

Certain alien-addition lines of Aegilops squarrosa in durum wheats have been used to study the association of certain characteristics with different D-genome chromosomes (Alston 1970; Makino 1981). However, in those attempts, it was not possible to recover and unequivocally identify the seven D-genome addition lines. Moreover, the available D-genome chromosome addition lines were developed in mixed backgrounds involving several durum parents. Dhaliwal et al (1990) for the first time developed a complete set of D-genome monosomic addition lines of Aegilops squarrosa (DD) accession 3754 in T. durum Desf. cv. PBW-114 using Giemsa C-banding. Four monosomic addition lines were for normal chromosomes 1D, 2D, 3D and 6D while the remaining three chromosomes 4D, 5D and 7D were represented by translocated chromosomes 4DS-5DS, 7DS-5DL and 7DL-4DL

On the Complexity of Positional Sequencing by Hybridization

In sequencing by hybridization (SBH), one has to reconstruct a sequence from its l-long substrings. SBH was proposed as an alternative to gel-based DNA sequencing approaches, but in its original form the method is not competitive. Positional SBH (PSBH) is a recently proposed enhancement of SBH in which one has additional information about the possible positions of each substring along the target sequence. We give a linear time algorithm for solving PSBH when each substring has at most two possible positions. On the other hand, we prove that the problem is NP-complete if each substring has at most three possible positions. We also show that PSBH is NP-complete if the set of allowed positions for each substring is an interval of length k, and provide a fast algorithm for the latter problem when k is bounded. Key Words: Positional Sequencing by Hybridization, Complexity, Eulerian Graphs, NP-Hardness, Parameterized Algorithms. 1 Introduction Sequencing by hybridization (SBH) was proposed ..