The metamorphosis of Battersea, 1800-1914: a building history

The Metamorphosis of Battersea is a study of the process of building development in a London parish during the nineteenth century. Part I reviews existing literature on the subject and looks at the physical and pre-urban background. It also provides a brief overview of the creation of the essential infrastructure of the suburb, from sewers to railways and from churches to music halls, and looks at the social and occupational background of the population as it grew with breathtaking rapidity from less than 3,000 in 1801 to 170,000 a century later. Part II discusses the evidence for building cycles in Battersea. The myriad men responsible for building the houses are then examined. This was an industry which essentially remained a collection of hand crafts throughout the period, albeit with some increase in the scale of operations after c.1870. Almost all of the thousands of builders and others came from within a five-mile radius of Battersea, and few lasted more than five years, most considerably less. The speculative nature of housebuilding was always at present and left a trail of bankruptcies and lesser failures in its wake. A classification of building estates according to the occupation of the initiator is proposed. Most were small operators who often failed to make the sure profits they expected when they set out. Case studies in Part Ill demonstrate that despite the degree of fragmentation in both estates and building, the operation of the various processes tended to produce homogeneous results in terms of the type and quality of housing, and of the tenants who occupied it, at leas: when new. This convergence often occurred despite the aspirations of landowners and developers, so that the supply and demand equation was usually in balance over a mid- to longer-term period, although there were severe cyclical fluctuations causing casualties among the many groups associated with the transformation of Battersea from an agricultural settlement with a substantial industrial base to a fully-fledged London suburb, larger than most provinicial town

Smoke on the Mountain

The characters in Smoke on the Mountain share contemporary concerns about money and jobs - while set in 1938, the play mirrors current economic concerns. Along with those worries, we see a family dealing with growing pains: teenage rebellion and uncertainty, sibling discord, the death of a parent. But through it all, the Sanders Family (and Pastor Oglethorpe) see their faith as a lighthouse guiding them through the stormy waters. Their conviction that life will end with No Tears in Heaven gives them strength and peace.https://griffinshare.fontbonne.edu/mst-programs/1004/thumbnail.jp

Signals for Lorentz Violation in Post-Newtonian Gravity

The pure-gravity sector of the minimal standard-model extension is studied in the limit of Riemann spacetime. A method is developed to extract the modified Einstein field equations in the limit of small metric fluctuations about the Minkowski vacuum, while allowing for the dynamics of the 20 independent coefficients for Lorentz violation. The linearized effective equations are solved to obtain the post-Newtonian metric. The corresponding post-Newtonian behavior of a perfect fluid is studied and applied to the gravitating many-body system. Illustrative examples of the methodology are provided using bumblebee models. The implications of the general theoretical results are studied for a variety of existing and proposed gravitational experiments, including lunar and satellite laser-ranging, laboratory experiments with gravimeters and torsion pendula, measurements of the spin precession of orbiting gyroscopes, timing studies of signals from binary pulsars, and the classic tests involving the perihelion precession and the time delay of light. For each type of experiment considered, estimates of the attainable sensitivities are provided. Numerous effects of local Lorentz violation can be studied in existing or near-future experiments at sensitivities ranging from parts in 104 down to parts in 1015

Using Children’s Literature to Discuss Race Relations, Racism, and Injustices

Presented at a virtual library forum discussion at Joyner Library.Our nation’s responses to the deaths of Ahmad Aubrey, George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Tony McDade and others have made the need to have conversations with children on race, racism and valuing differences more crucial than ever. In this forum, we will discuss the significance of children’s books to initiate these conversations and how they can be used to provide additional information as these conversations continue. Additionally, we will review free resources available to support teachers, librarians, parents, caregivers and others seeking a more just future

Planning combinatorial disulfide cross-links for protein fold determination

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Fold recognition techniques take advantage of the limited number of overall structural organizations, and have become increasingly effective at identifying the fold of a given target sequence. However, in the absence of sufficient sequence identity, it remains difficult for fold recognition methods to always select the correct model. While a native-like model is often among a pool of highly ranked models, it is not necessarily the highest-ranked one, and the model rankings depend sensitively on the scoring function used. <it>Structure elucidation</it> methods can then be employed to decide among the models based on relatively rapid biochemical/biophysical experiments.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>This paper presents an integrated computational-experimental method to determine the fold of a target protein by probing it with a set of planned disulfide cross-links. We start with predicted structural models obtained by standard fold recognition techniques. In a first stage, we characterize the fold-level differences between the models in terms of topological (contact) patterns of secondary structure elements (SSEs), and select a small set of SSE pairs that differentiate the folds. In a second stage, we determine a set of residue-level cross-links to probe the selected SSE pairs. Each stage employs an information-theoretic planning algorithm to maximize information gain while minimizing experimental complexity, along with a Bayes error plan assessment framework to characterize the probability of making a correct decision once data for the plan are collected. By focusing on overall topological differences and planning cross-linking experiments to probe them, our <it>fold determination</it> approach is robust to noise and uncertainty in the models (e.g., threading misalignment) and in the actual structure (e.g., flexibility). We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in case studies for a number of CASP targets, showing that the optimized plans have low risk of error while testing only a small portion of the quadratic number of possible cross-link candidates. Simulation studies with these plans further show that they do a very good job of selecting the correct model, according to cross-links simulated from the actual crystal structures.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Fold determination can overcome scoring limitations in purely computational fold recognition methods, while requiring less experimental effort than traditional protein structure determination approaches.</p

Short-Range Gravity and Lorentz Violation

Comparatively few searches have been performed for violations of local Lorentz invariance in the pure-gravity sector. We show that tests of short-range gravity are sensitive to a broad class of unconstrained and novel signals that depend on the experimental geometry and on sidereal time