An efficient scanning algorithm for photovoltaic systems under partial shading

This paper proposes a new technique of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for a photovoltaic (PV) system connected to three phase grids under partial shading condition (PSC), based on a new combined perturb and observe (P&O) with scanning algorithm. This new algorithm main advantages are the high-speed tracking compared to existing algorithms, high accuracy and simplicity which makes it ideal for hardware implementation. Simulation was carried on MATLAB/Simulink. Results showed the effectiveness in speed and accuracy of our algorithm over the existing ones either during standard condition (STC) or PSC. Furthermore, conventional direct power control (DPC) was applied to synchronize successfully the injected power with the grid, which makes our algorithm global and works efficiently under severe conditions

A Formal Perturbation Theory of Carleman Operators

In this chapter, we introduce a multiplication operation that allows us to give to the Carleman integral operator of second class the form of a multiplication operator. Also we establish the formal theory of perturbation of such operators

Sezonska pojava i histopatologija parazita Trichodina puytoraci Lom, 1962 na ciplu glavašu (Mugil cephalus) iz Tunisa

During a parasitological survey in Ghar El Melh Lagoon in Tunisia, 108 flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus L., 1758) were investigated for protozoan ectoparasites. Trichodina puytoraci Lom, 1962 infecting the gills of the examined fish were isolated and reported for the first time from this locality. The overall infestation prevalence and mean intensity level were 22.42 % and 70 ± 8.1 trichodinids per fish, respectively. The highest prevalence was observed in spring. The relationship between host’s size and parasite prevalence was significant. The histopathological study revealed that M. cephalus heavily infested by T. puytoraci exhibited serious lesions such as hyperplasia of the epithelial cells, fusion and necrosis of secondary lamellae.Tijekom parazitološkog pregleda 108 primjeraka cipla glavaša (Mugil cephalus L., 1758) u Ghar El Melh Laguna u Tunisu, istraživani su ektoparaziti iz grupe protozoa. Škrge pregledanih riba bile su zaražene s parazitom Trichodina puytoraci Lom, 1962 koji je izoliran i utvrđen po prvi put za ovaj lokalitet. Ustanovljena je ukupna prevalencija zaraze (22,42%) i srednja razina intenziteta (70 ± 8,1) trichodinida po primjerku. Najveća prevalencija uočena je u proljeće. Odnos između veličine domaćina i rasprostranjenosti nametnika je bio značajan. Histopatološka studija otkrila je da je cipal glavaš, M. cephalus, teško zaražen parazitom T. puytoraci, izložen ozbiljnim promjenama kao što su hiperplazija epitelnih stanica te spajanje i nekroza sekundarnih lamela

Effect of supplemental irrigation on yield and water productivity of durum wheat cultivated under drip irrigation in Tadla, Morocco

The study of crop response to water deficit is important in areas where water resources are limited such as in Morocco. For this purpose, this study aims to assess yield and water productivity of winter wheat in response to water stress under drip irrigation systems. A field experiment was carried out at INRA Tadla experimental station during two seasons, 2014-15 and 2015-16. In addition to a rainfed regime, three water regimes represented by 100; 67 and 33 % ETc were applied each 7 days interval if rain is missing. The Karim variety used in this study is the most cultivated durum wheat variety in the region. Results showed that average grain yields varied from 3.12 T/ha under rainfed conditions to 8.90 T/ha under 100% ETc. Water use efficiency varied between 16.2 kg/mm/ha under 67% ETc to 13.4 kg/mm/ha under 33% ETc. The 67% ETc treatment was the most efficient for both growing seasons. The actual evapotranspiration (ETa) was 490 mm under 100% ETc water regime. A significant linear relationship was established between ETa and grain yield. Based on these results, it can be conclude that supplemental irrigation of durum wheat using drip irrigation is feasible and more efficient.Keywords: Durum wheat, drip irrigation, supplemental irrigation, water use efficiency, Tadla, Morocc

Mechanical Properties Of Fluctuating Elastic Membranes Under Uni-Axial Tension

Atomically thin sheets, such as graphene, are widely used in nanotechnology. Recently they have also been used in applications including kirigami and self-folding origami, where it becomes important to understand how they respond to external loads. Motivated by this, we investigate how isotropic sheets respond to uniaxial tension by employing the self-consistent screening analysis method and molecular dynamics simulations. Previously, it was shown that for freely suspended sheets thermal fluctuations effectively renormalize elastic constants, which become scale-dependent beyond a characteristic thermal length scale (a few nanometers for graphene at room temperature), beyond which the bending rigidity increases, while the in-plane elastic constants reduce with universal power law exponents. For sheets under uniaxial tension, $\sigma_{11}$, we find that beyond a stress-dependent length scale, the effective in-plane elastic constants become strongly anisotropic and scale differently along the axis of uni-axial stress and orthogonal to it. The bending rigidities on the other hand will not exhibit any anomalous behavior beyond this stress-dependent length scale. In addition, for moderate tensions we find a universal non-linear stress-strain relation. For large uni-axial tensions, the Young's modulus of the bare elastic material is recovered

Hazard and risk analysis of different sterilizer technology in palm oil mills

Background: This study is conducted to assess the hazard and risk of different sterilizer technology. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the hazards posed by each sterilizer and their risk analysis. Results: The results highlighted that the highest percentage of hazards; Horizontal Sterilizer in Felcra Nasaruddin (25%), in Felda Sungai Tengi (27.5%). Vertical Sterilizer (19.2%), Compact Modular Continuous (CMC) (15%) and continuous sterilizer (CS) (13.3%). In terms of risk, majority of sterilizers have low risk rating, followed by medium and high risk categories the lowest. Conclusion: Based on the HIRARC assessment done, CS is generally the safer technology in term of hazards followed by CMC, vertical and horizontal sterilizer. Majority of the hazard falls into low risk, and then followed in the second place which was medium, and less hazards were grouped into high risk

Optimizations for real-time implementation of H264/AVC video encoder on DSP processor

International audienceReal-time H.264/AVC high definition video encoding represents a challenging workload to most existing programmable processors. The new technologies of programmable processors such as Graphic Processor Unit (GPU) and multicore Digital signal Processor (DSP) offer a very promising solution to overcome these constraints. In this paper, an optimized implementation of H264/AVC video encoder on a single core among the six cores of TMS320C6472 DSP for Common Intermediate Format (CIF) (352x288) resolution is presented in order to move afterwards to a multicore implementation for standard and high definitions (SD,HD).Algorithmic optimization is applied to the intra prediction module to reduce the computational time. Furthermore, based on the DSP architectural features, various structural and hardware optimizations are adopted to minimize external memory access. The parallelism between CPU processing and data transfers is fully exploited using an Enhanced Direct Memory Access controller (EDMA). Experimental results show that the whole proposed optimizations, on a single core running at 700 MHz for CIF resolution, improve the encoding speed by up to 42.91%. They allow reaching the real-time encoding 25 f/s without inducing any Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) degradation or bit-rate increase and make possible to achieve real time implementation for SD and HD resolutions when exploiting multicore features

Patient Satisfaction: the Importance of Its Measurement in Improving the Quality of Care and Services in a Public Paediatrics Department

Patient satisfaction is crucial to healthcare quality since it represents how far the delivered care and services meet the subjective and objective needs and requirements of the patient. Our study aimed to conduct a survey in order to describe factors which influence patient satisfaction about the conditions of access to a public paediatrics department. The survey consisted in asking 44 questions to a sample of 105 outpatients. Statistical analysis showed that dissatisfaction was mainly associated with waiting time and the waiting room. The Multiple Factor Analysis helped defining different patients’ profiles and several actions were implemented. Keywords: Healthcare quality, Patient satisfaction, Satisfaction survey, Multiple Factor Analysis

[Basic Concepts and Principles of Manufacturing According to Islam] Konsep Asas dan Prinsip Pembuatan Menurut Islam

Malaysia has been practising manufacturing practices brought by the West and East which aim purely for materialism. This phenomenon causes a variety of problems in the manufacturing sector in this country, such as the erosion of the humanity, environmental pollution and exploitation of human labor. Manufacturing practices that are not based on the Islamic concept lead to many things that neither conform to sharia compliance nor suitable to the needs of the Muslim society. This study has two objectives. Firstly, to identify the principles of manufacturing from Islamic point of view. Secondly, to formulate a definition of Islam manufacturing as a fundamental procedure that can be used as a basis of manufacturing practices that abide to sharia, taharah, barakah and can eliminate shubhah. This qualitatif study uses document analysis as its instrument. It involves inductive and comparative analysis of data generated from Quran, hadith and Islamic scholars’ writing. This study found that there are 4 fundamentals of Islam manufacturing: tauhid, man as khalifah, akhlak and quality of product. Meanwhile the principles of Islam manufacturing are associated with owners, capitalization, staff, premises, equipment, materials, work processes, and product documentation. The study concluded that Islamic manufacturing is a balanced and integrated process of transforming the source of material which is syariah compliant, taharah and barakah towards the elimination of shubhah for the welfare of the community in this world and hereafter. Keywords: Islamic manufacturing, syariah compliance, taharah, barakah, shubhah.   Negara Malaysia telah di sebati dengan amalan pembuatan yang dibawa oleh barat dan timur yang bermatlamatkan kebendaan semata-mata. Fenomena ini mengundang pelbagai masalah dalam sektor pembuatan di negara ini seperti materialisme, hakisan nilai kemanusiaan, pencemaran alam sekitar, pembaziran dan eksploitasi tenaga manusia. Amalan pembuatan yang tidak dikawal dengan konsep Islam menyebabkan banyak perkara yang terlibat dalam proses pembuatan tidak menepati kepatuhan syariah serta tidak bersesuaian dengan keperluan masyarakat Islam. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti prinsip-prinsip pembuatan dari pandangan Islam dan merumuskan satu definisi pembuatan Islam sebagai satu usaha untuk mengasaskan teori pembuatan Islam yang boleh dijadikan dasar kepada amalan pembuatan Islam yang menepati kepatuhan syariah, taharah, barakah dan boleh menghapuskan shubhah. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan analisis dokumen sebagai instrumen kajian. Ia melibatkan analisis data secara induktif dan komparatif terhadap sumber-sumber muktabar Islam iaitu al-Quran, hadith dan penulisan para sarjana Islam. Kajian ini mendapati asas-asas pembuatan Islam meliputi tauhid, manusia sebagai khalifah, akhlak dan produk yang berkualiti. Sementara itu, prinsip-prinsip pembuatan Islam merangkumi komponen-komponen yang melibatkan pemilik perusahaan, permodalan, pekerja, premis, peralatan, bahan, proses kerja, pendokumentasian dan produk. Berasaskan pandangan Islam tentang asas pembuatan serta prinsip-prinsip pembuatan Islam yang diterokai, maka kajian ini merumuskan pembuatan Islam ialah satu proses yang bersepadu dan seimbang dalam mentransformasikan sumber bahan yang menepati kepatuhan syariah (syariah compliance), taharah dan barakah ke arah penghapusan shubhah demi kesejahteraan ummah di dunia dan akhirat.   Kata kunci: Pembuatan Islam, kepatuhan syariah, taharah, barakah dan shubhah