The different distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has infected about 170-200 million people worldwide and HCV genotypes have been related with a particular geographic distribution. The information of genotypes in chronic hepatitis C is critical for the decision of the pharmaceutical regimen, and for the therapeutic outcome. The aim of the study was determining the dispersion of hepatitis C Virus genotype in our area. The study was conducted on 42 patients who referred from various clinics infected with HCV. Serum HCV RNA levels were quantified by using the COBAS AMPLICOR HCV Monitor 2.0. An 851 bp long fragment spanning codons 63 to 347 of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in the NS5b part of the HCV genome was amplified. PCR amplifications were conducted in a BioRad DNA Engine using Quantitect SYBR Green PCR mix. Purified PCR products expressively sequenced with the ABI PRISM 310 Genetic Analyzer appliance utilizing DYEnamic ET Terminator Cycle Sequencing Kit. The most prevalent genotype was type 1b (90.4%) in our study. In the other types, type 3 and 4 were detected.We believe that distribution of HCV genotype in this region should be followed strictly due to difference from reports, which reported other parts of Turkey. © 2013 DILEK AR, et al

Determination of effective heat summation reqirements of stone fruits grown in Ankara conditions [Degişik turunçgil anaçlarinin washington navel ve moro kan portakal çeştlerinin meyve verim ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri]

In this study, the effects of some important citrus rootstocks such as local sour orange (Citrus aurantium L. var. "Brasilian"), Taiwanica (Citrus taiwanica Tan. and Shim.). Volcameriana (Citrus volkameriana Tan. and Pasq.), Rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.). Yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb. ex. Ten.). Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni Tan.) Benecke trifoliata (Poncirus trifoliata Raf. var. "Benecke"). Citrumelo 1452 (Poncirus trifoliata Raf. x Citrus paradis Macf. var. "1452"). Carizzo and Troyer citranges (Poncirus trifoliata Raf. x Citrus sinensis Osb. var. "Troyer" and "Carrizo") on fruit yield and quality of Washington Navel and Moro blood orange were investigated. The experiment was carried out during 1987-1994 at the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Çukurova on the trees planted as 7×7 m in "Citrus Rootstocks Trial Parcels" in 1982. Rootstocks effected significantly the fruit yuiled and the qualities of the cultivars. The highest fruit yields of Washington Navel orange were obtained from the trees on Carizzo citrange and Volkameriana, both of citranges effected positively on fruit quality of Washington Navel orange. Volkameriana effected negatively on the fruit quality, although the yield has been increased. Brasilian sour orange and Yuzu effected negatively on the fruit quality like Volkameriana. In consider of the yield of Moro blood, the best results were taken from the trees on Volkameriana, however the best fruit quality were determined on the citranges. Local sour orange and Yuzu effected negatively both of fruit yield and quality of Moro blood orange like Washington Navel

Effects of different rootstocks on yield and frutt quality of valencia and shamouti orange cultivars [Degişik turunçgil anaçlarinin valencia ve yafa portakal çeşitlerinin meyve verim ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri]

In this study, the effects of some important citrus rootstocks such as local sour orange (Citrus aurantium I. var. "Yerli"). Brazilian sour orange (Citrus aurantiam I. var. "Brasilian"). Taiwanica (Citrus taiwanica Tan. and Shim.). Volcameriana (Citrus volkameriana Jan. and Pasq.). Rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.), Yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb. ex. Ten.). Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni Tan.). Benecke trifoliata (Poncirus trifoliata Raf var. "Benecke"), Citrumelo 1452 (Poncirus trifoliata Raf × Citrus paradisi Macf var."1452"). Carrizo and Troyer citranges (Poncirus trifoliata Raf × Citrus sinensis Osb. var. "Troyer" and "Carrizo") on fruit yield and quality of Valencia and Shamouti oranges were investigated. The experiment was carried out during 1987-1994 at the Department of Horticulture. Faculty of Agriculture. University of Cukurova on the trees planted as 7 × 7 m in "Citius Rootstocks Trial Parcels" in 1982. Rootstocks had been found to have significative effects on fruit yield and quality. Troyer and Carrizo citranges for Valencia orange increased the fruit yield and has positive effect on the fruit quality. Although Rough lemon was observed as high yield rootstocks. but this rootstocks were found to be negative effect on fruit quality. Brazilian sour orange. Taiwanica and Yuzu made the most negative effect on fruit yield and quality. Carrizo citrange was found to be the best one for fruit yield of Shamouti orange. Carrizo citrange had the most positive effect on the fruit quality. However local sour orange and Cleopatra mandarin rootstocks had been a negative effect on the fruit yield. In addition. Yuzu had negative effect on the fruit quality

The role of nesfatin-1 in impaired appetite in patients with major depressive disorder

Aim The aim of the present study was to explore whether plasma nesfatin-1 levels are associated with impaired appetite in major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods Patients were recruited from outpatients who consecutively sought treatment in the psychiatric outpatient clinic of the University Hospital since March 2012. All patients were diagnosed with major depressive disorder according to DSM-IV. The appetite of patients was assessed by specific questionnaire. We categorized patients into two groups according to their appetite. Study group consisted of 30 patients with increased appetite (MDD-IA), 28 patients with decreased appetite (MDD-DA) and 28 healthy controls. Plasma nesfatin-1 levels and body mass index (BMI) were measured. Results There was no statistically significant difference in nesfatin-1 between groups. The mean serum nesfatin-1 level did not show any correlation with age, BMI, HAM-D scores and fasting blood glucose in patients groups. Conclusion Our findings suggest that fasting plasma nesfatin-1 levels are unchanged in untreated MDD patients and there is no evidence for nesfatin-1 playing a role in impaired appetite in patients with MDD. © 2013 Elsevier GmbH

A 5-year multicentre randomized controlled trial comparing personalized, frozen and fresh blastocyst transfer in IVF

RESEARCH QUESTION:Does clinical performance of personalized embryo transfer (PET) guided by endometrial receptivity analysis (ERA) differ from frozen embryo transfer (FET) or fresh embryo transfer in infertile patients undergoing IVF? DESIGN:Multicentre, open-label randomized controlled trial; 458 patients aged 37 years or younger undergoing IVF with blastocyst transfer at first appointment were randomized to PET guided by ERA, FET or fresh embryo transfer in 16 reproductive clinics. RESULTS:Clinical outcomes by intention-to-treat analysis were comparable, but cumulative pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the PET (93.6%) compared with FET (79.7%) (P = 0.0005) and fresh embryo transfer groups (80.7%) (P = 0.0013). Analysis per protocol demonstrates that live birth rates at first embryo transfer were 56.2% in PET versus 42.4% in FET (P = 0.09), and 45.7% in fresh embryo transfer groups (P = 0.17). Cumulative live birth rates after 12 months were 71.2% in PET versus 55.4% in FET (P = 0.04), and 48.9% in fresh embryo transfer (P = 0.003). Pregnancy rates at the first embryo transfer in PET, FET and fresh embryo transfer arms were 72.5% versus 54.3% (P = 0.01) and 58.5% (P = 0.05), respectively. Implantation rates at first embryo transfer were 57.3% versus 43.2% (P = 0.03), and 38.6% (P = 0.004), respectively. Obstetrical outcomes, type of delivery and neonatal outcomes were similar in all groups. CONCLUSIONS:Despite 50% of patients dropping out compared with 30% initially planned, per protocol analysis demonstrates statistically significant improvement in pregnancy, implantation and cumulative live birth rates in PET compared with FET and fresh embryo transfer arms, indicating the potential utility of PET guided by the ERA test at the first appointment.Carlos Simón, Carlos Gómez, Sergio Cabanillas, Iavor Vladimirov, Gemma Castillón ... Bernardus Mol ... et al