Photocatalytic Degradation of Hazardous Safranin (O) Dye by Using Self Synthesized TIO2 Nanoparticles

The textile industries generates extremely high amount of colour waste water, which are mainly poisons. A traditional biological treatment process is not helpful in treating the dye effluent because of low biodegradability of dyes. The presence of safranin (O) dye causes distinct acute impact on health therefore the removal of this dye from aqueous solution is highly desirable. The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of photo-degradation of safanin (O) dye with application of nanoparticles of TiO2 as a photocatalyst. For this purpose nanoparticles of TiO2 were synthesized by a very simple sol-gel method with absence of additives and hydrolysing agents. The synthesized nanoparticles of TiO2 were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, BET and UV-vis spectroscopy. It was found that change in polymorphic phase occurs as temperature changes from 600 to 800 0C and also the crystallinity of TiO2 increases with annealing temperature. The application of prepared TiO2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of safranin (O) dye from aqueous solution was explored. It was determined that anatase phase TiO2 shown highest photo-degradability of safranin (O) dye. The blank tests investigated for light irradiated to safranin (O) dye solution without TiO2 catalyst and for the suspension carrying TiO2 and safranin (O) dye in the dark that revealed both the photocatalyst and light energy were required for the photo-degradation of safranin (O) dye. The effect of several factors such as catalyst dose, initial concentration, pH of solution and temperature, was studied on the photocatalytic degradation of safranin (O) dye and optimized it. Results indicated that photo-degradation of safranin (O) dye increases at higher alkaline pH. The photo-degradation rate was strongly influenced by activation of TiO2 photocatalyst with photon and production of hydroxyl radicals’ hence suggested optimum catalyst dose and initial concentration of dye for photo-degradation process

Effect of EGR on Compression Ignition Engine parameters - a Review

This paper is a literature review on effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on CI engine parameters (i.e. performance and emission parameter). The emissions from CI Engines have adverse effects on human health, living organisms,  and  environment.  The major emission form diesel engine are: unburned hydrocarbon, oxides of carbon (COX), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), oxides of sulphur (SOX), and solid carbon particulate matter (PM). Similarly, for biodiesel it was observed that HC, CO, CO2 were lowered, while NOX remains still higher.For in-cylinder reduction of emission exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and some fuel additives are effective for CI Engines. It was found that using EGR system reduces the NOx emission effectively

Effect of Catalytic Converter on I.C. Engine Emission parameters - a Review

This paper is a literature review on effect of Catalytic convertor on CI engine parameters (emission parameter). The emissions from CI Engines have adverse effects on human health, living organisms, and environment. The major emission form diesel engine are: unburned hydrocarbon, oxides of carbon (COX), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), oxides of sulphur (SOX), and solid carbon particulate matter (PM). Similarly, for biodiesel it was observed that HC, CO, CO2 were lowered, while NOX remains still higher. For in-cylinder reduction of emission Catalytic converter are effective for CI Engines. It was found that using Catalytic convertor reduces the emission from engine effectively

Development and application of two novel monoclonal antibodies against overexpressed CD26 and integrin α3 in human pancreatic cancer.

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) technology is an excellent tool for the discovery of overexpressed cell surface tumour antigens and the development of targeting agents. Here, we report the development of two novel mAbs against CFPAC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells. Using ELISA, flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, Western blot and immunohistochemistry, we found that the target antigens recognised by the two novel mAbs KU44.22B and KU44.13A, are integrin α3 and CD26 respectively, with high levels of expression in human pancreatic and other cancer cell lines and human pancreatic cancer tissue microarrays. Treatment with naked anti-CD26 mAb KU44.13A did not have any effect on the growth and migration of cancer cells nor did it induce receptor downregulation. In contrast, treatment with anti-integrin α3 mAb KU44.22B inhibited growth in vitro of Capan-2 cells, increased migration of BxPC-3 and CFPAC-1 cells and induced antibody internalisation. Both novel mAbs are capable of detecting their target antigens by immunohistochemistry but not by Western blot. These antibodies are excellent tools for studying the role of integrin α3 and CD26 in the complex biology of pancreatic cancer, their prognostic and predictive values and the therapeutic potential of their humanised and/or conjugated versions in patients whose tumours overexpress integrin α3 or CD26

Prediction of adhesive strength, deposition efficiecny and wear behaviour of plasma spray coating of low grade mineral on mild steel and copper Substrate by soft computing technique

Currently emerging technologies contains some of the most prominent ongoing advances, innovations and developments in a variety of engineering field to advance surface property by using modern technology. Because for higher productivity and efficiency across the entire spectrum of manufacturing and engineering industries has ensured that most modern day components/ parts are subjected to day by day increasing harsh environments in routine operations. All the Critical industrial components of the machines are, therefore, prone to more rapid degradation as the parts fail to withstand the aggressive operating conditions and this has been affecting the industry’s economy to a very high extent. The prime objectives are to develop essential surface properties with an economical process. Today the investigation explores the coating potential of industrial wastes. Fly-ash emerges as a major waste from thermal power plants. It mainly comprises of oxides of iron, aluminium, titanium and silicon along with some other minor constituents. Fly-ash premixed with illmenite and quartz which are minerals of low cost available in plenty are excellent for providing protection against resistant to erosion and abrasive wear. In this wide research world Plasma spraying is gaining acceptance for development of quality coatings of various materials on a wide range of substrates. Use of the industrial wastes of such kind as coating material minimizes the plasma spray coating deposition cost, which posed to be the major obstacle to the wide spread purpose due to high cost of the spray grade powders. Fly-ash+quartz+illmenite (weight percentage ratio: 55:25:20) is deposited on copper and mild steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying, at operating power levels ranging from 10 to 20kW and after that characterization of the coatings is carried out. The properties/ quality of the coatings depend on the operating condition, process parameters and materials used. The plasma spraying process is controlled by interdependent parameter, co-relations and individual effect on coating characteristics. The size of the particles of raw material used for coating is characterized using Malvern Instruments a Laser particle size analyzer. Coating interface adhesion strength is calculated using a method of coating pull, confirming to ASTM C-633 standard. Deposition efficiency is a key factor that determines the techno economics of the process, evaluated for the deposited coatings. Coating thickness of the polished cross section is measured, using an optical microscope

A Comparative Analysis of Wound Closure Techniques in Uncomplicated Open Inguinal Hernia Surgery: Sutures vs. Skin Staplers

  Objective: This study compared the results of wound closure with skin staplers and traditional sutures in uncomplicated open inguinal hernia surgery. Methods: An 18-month prospective cohort study was carried out in a tertiary care facility. Patients (n = 100) who met the eligibility requirements were randomly assigned to one of two groups: suture (n = 50) or skin stapler (n = 50). We evaluated wound infection rates, wound healing times, postoperative pain levels, and aesthetic results. Chi-squared tests, t-tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used in the statistical analysis. Results: Skin staplers demonstrated lower wound infection rates (2% vs. 10%) and faster wound healing (10.5 ± 1.8 days vs. 14.2 ± 2.1 days) compared to sutures. Postoperative pain scores were consistently lower in the skin stapler group at 24 hours (2.4 ± 0.8 vs. 3.7 ± 1.2), 1 week (1.4 ± 0.6 vs. 2.1 ± 0.9), and 4 weeks (0.6 ± 0.3 vs. 0.9 ± 0.4) post-surgery. Skin staplers with a higher percentage of "excellent" results (54% vs. 14%) had better cosmetic results. Conclusion: In uncomplicated open inguinal hernia surgery, skin staplers are superior to conventional sutures in terms of lower wound infection rates, quicker wound healing, decreased postoperative pain, and enhanced cosmetic results. Surgeons’ ought to think about how skin staplers could improve patient satisfaction and outcomes. Inguinal hernia surgery wound closure techniques may be improved with further study and practical practice

Web Based Image search Using Semantic Signature Re-ranking Technique

Web-based image search re-ranking, as an successful method to get better the results. In a query keyword, the first stair is store the images is first retrieve based on the text-based information. The user to select a query keyword image, by using this query keyword other images are re-ranked based on their visual properties with images. Now a day to day, people projected to match images in a semantic space which is used attributes or reference classes closely related to the basis of semantic image. though, understanding a worldwide visual semantic space to demonstrate highly different images from the web is difficult and inefficient. The re-ranking images, which automatically offline part learns dissimilar semantic spaces for different query keywords. The features of images are projected into their related semantic spaces to get particular images. At the online stage, images are re-ranked by compare their semantic signatures obtained the semantic précised by the query keyword image. The query-specific semantic signatures extensively improve both the proper and efficiency of image re-ranking. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15011

The Role of Serum Albumin Level as a Predictor of Post-Operative Outcomes Following Emergency Exploratory Laparotomy: A Prospective Study

  Background: An emergency exploratory laparotomy is a crucial surgical technique used to treat abdominal diseases that pose a risk to life. Optimizing patient treatment in this situation requires the identification of variables that predict post-operative results. A widely available biomarker called serum albumin has been suggested as a potential predictor of mortality, length of hospital stay, and post-operative problems. Methods: 100 patients who underwent emergency exploratory laparotomies between January 2021 and June 2022 were the subject of a prospective study. Clinical information was gathered along with measurements of the serum albumin levels prior to surgery. Post-operative outcomes were recorded, including complications, length of stay in the hospital, and mortality. Results: When compared to patients with normal albumin levels, those with low serum albumin levels (3.5 g/dL) had a greater incidence of post-operative problems (62% vs. 38%, p <0.05) and longer hospital admissions (12.7 days vs. 8.4 days, p< 0.001). Additionally, hypoalbuminemic individuals had considerably greater mortality (16% vs. 6%, p <0.05). Conclusion: In emergency exploratory laparotomies, pre-operative serum albumin level is a useful predictor of post-operative outcomes. Increased complications, extended hospital stays, and greater mortality rates are all linked to hypoalbuminemia. The therapeutic significance of serum albumin evaluation for risk stratification, preoperative planning, and well-informed decision-making in this complex surgical scenario is highlighted by these findings. To validate these findings and investigate potential strategies to enhance outcomes, more study is required