Antimicrobial activity of MgB2 powders produced via reactive liquid infiltration method

We report for the first time on the antimicrobial activity of MgB2 powders produced via the Reactive Liquid Infiltration (RLI) process. Samples with MgB2 wt.% ranging from 2% to 99% were obtained and characterized, observing different levels of grain aggregation and of impurity phases. Their antimicrobial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA 1026, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. A general correlation is observed between the antibacterial activity and the MgB2 wt.%, but the sample microstructure also appears to be very important. RLI-MgB2 powders show better performances compared to commercial powders against microbial strains in the planktonic form, and their activity against biofilms is also very similar

Sustainable use of citrus waste as organic amendment in orange orchards

The use of citrus waste (peel, CW) as organic fertilizer was investigated on soil microbiota and on soil physico-chemical and hydraulic characteristics. The biotic components on CW and the effect on nutritional status, leaf chlorophyll content, fruit set and production of "Tarocco" orange trees were also identified. The citrus waste was supplied to an experimental orchard at different doses: 45 kg m(-2) (with and without Ca(OH)(2) addition) and 90 kg m(-2). The study was conducted in three consecutive years (2015-2017) on 20-year old orange trees at the experimental farm of the University of Catania (Italy). The main results of the study confirm that the use of CW as a biofertilizer offers a great opportunity for sustainable sweet orange production

A model of collaborative innovation between local government and tourism operators

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Longitudinal clinical and biomarker characteristics of non-manifesting LRRK2 G2019S carriers in the PPMI cohort

We examined 2-year longitudinal change in clinical features and biomarkers in LRRK2 non-manifesting carriers (NMCs) versus healthy controls (HCs) enrolled in the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). We analyzed 2-year longitudinal data from 176 LRRK2 G2019S NMCs and 185 HCs. All participants were assessed annually with comprehensive motor and non-motor scales, dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging, and biofluid biomarkers. The latter included cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Abeta, total tau and phospho-tau; serum urate and neurofilament light chain (NfL); and urine bis(monoacylglycerol) phosphate (BMP). At baseline, LRRK2 G2019S NMCs had a mean (SD) age of 62 (7.7) years and were 56% female. 13% had DAT deficit (defined as <65% of age/sex-expected lowest putamen SBR) and 11% had hyposmia (defined as ≤15th percentile for age and sex). Only 5 of 176 LRRK2 NMCs developed PD during follow-up. Although NMCs scored significantly worse on numerous clinical scales at baseline than HCs, there was no longitudinal change in any clinical measures over 2 years or in DAT binding. There were no longitudinal differences in CSF and serum biomarkers between NMCs and HCs. Urinary BMP was significantly elevated in NMCs at all time points but did not change longitudinally. Neither baseline biofluid biomarkers nor the presence of DAT deficit correlated with 2-year change in clinical outcomes. We observed no significant 2-year longitudinal change in clinical or biomarker measures in LRRK2 G2019S NMCs in this large, well-characterized cohort even in the participants with baseline DAT deficit. These findings highlight the essential need for further enrichment biomarker discovery in addition to DAT deficit and longer follow-up to enable the selection of NMCs at the highest risk for conversion to enable future prevention clinical trials

Transport of Folded Proteins by the Tat System

The twin-arginine protein translocation (Tat) system has been characterized in bacteria, archaea and the chloroplast thylakoidal membrane. This system is distinct from other protein transport systems with respect to two key features. Firstly, it accepts cargo proteins with an N-terminal signal peptide that carries the canonical twin-arginine motif, which is essential for transport. Second, the Tat system only accepts and translocates fully folded cargo proteins across the respective membrane. Here, we review the core essential features of folded protein transport via the bacterial Tat system, using the three-component TatABC system of Escherichia coli and the two-component TatAC systems of Bacillus subtilis as the main examples. In particular, we address features of twin-arginine signal peptides, the essential Tat components and how they assemble into different complexes, mechanistic features and energetics of Tat-dependent protein translocation, cytoplasmic chaperoning of Tat cargo proteins, and the remarkable proofreading capabilities of the Tat system. In doing so, we present the current state of our understanding of Tat-dependent protein translocation across biological membranes, which may serve as a lead for future investigations

O18: La texture de la nourriture affecte la satiété et les mécanismes centraux de la prise alimentaire chez l’homme : étude par IRM fonctionnelle

International audienc

Two effects of sensory anticipation, assimilation and contrast, are on the same scale of anticipated-experienced pleasure divergence

International audienc

Une expérience unique pour provoquer deux effets d’anticipation sensorielle distincts : l’assimilation et le contraste

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Organizzare e gestire progetti. Competenze per il project management

Manuale di organizzazione dei progetti a pi\uf9 autori. Organizzazione del singolo progetto, del suo ciclo di vit

Expected satiation is correlated with amplitude of intake but does not fit well with actual consumption of desserts

International audienceExpected satiation was reported to be a predictor of food intake. Yet data lack to judge the extent to which actual intake values match with those announced during expected satiation measure. Our study sought to explore this relationship in detail, in a situation of real-life consumption, using desserts. A panel of 8 commercially available spoonable desserts (57 participants) was used. Liking and expected satiation of study products were measured. Participants’ individual ratings were used to assign two desserts to each participant: the most satiating product, and the least satiating product. Participants followed three randomised sessions during which they consumed a standardized meal followed by one of the individually assigned desserts. The least satiating product was given twice. Ad libitum dessert consumption was measured. Expected satiation, liking and food restraint score appeared as significant predictors of dessert intake. However, differences between expected and actual dessert intake were observed. Thus, caloric intake of two desserts did not differ significantly (χ2(1) = 0.32, p>0.05) as participants increased intake of the most satiating dessert (χ2(1) = 24.60, P < 0.001), and decreased intake of the least satiating dessert (χ2(1) = 14.03, P < 0.001) compared to what was expected. The importance of expected satiation as a predictor of subsequent food intake was confirmed, but its capacity to serve as a quantitative predictor seems limited. Studying individual consumption is necessary to fully understand how expected satiation is translated into eating behaviour