Universality in Intensity Modulated Photocurrent in Bulk-Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells

We observe a universal feature in the frequency dependence of intensity modulated photocurrent Iph based on studies of a variety of efficient bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells (BHJ-PSCs). This feature of Iph appears in the form of a local maximum in the 5 kHz < frequency < 10 kHz range and is observed to be largely independent of the external parameters such as modulated light intensity (Lac), wavelength, temperature (T), and external field (EF) over a wide range. Simplistic kinetic models involving carrier generation, recombination and extraction processes are used to interpret the overall essential features of Iph and correlate it to the device parameters

A semiclassical theory of quantum noise in open chaotic systems

We consider the quantum evolution of classically chaotic systems in contact with surroundings. Based on $\hbar$-scaling of an equation for time evolution of the Wigner's quasi-probability distribution function in presence of dissipation and thermal diffusion we derive a semiclassical equation for quantum fluctuations. This identifies an early regime of evolution dominated by fluctuations in the curvature of the potential due to classical chaos and dissipation. A stochastic treatment of this classical fluctuations leads us to a Fokker-Planck equation which is reminiscent of Kramers' equation for thermally activated processes. This reveals an interplay of three aspects of evolution of quantum noise in weakly dissipative open systems; the reversible Liouville flow, the irreversible chaotic diffusion which is characteristic of the system itself, and irreversible dissipation induced by the external reservoir. It has been demonstrated that in the dissipation-free case a competition between Liouville flow in the contracting direction of phase space and chaotic diffusion sets a critical width in the Wigner function for quantum fluctuations. We also show how the initial quantum noise gets amplified by classical chaos and ultimately equilibrated under the influence of dissipation. We establish that there exists a critical limit to the expansion of phase space. The limit is determined by chaotic diffusion and dissipation. Making use of appropriate quantum-classical correspondence we verify the semiclassical analysis by the fully quantum simulation in a chaotic quartic oscillator.Comment: Plain Latex, 27 pages, 6 ps figure, To appear in Physica

Nonequilibrium stochastic processes: Time dependence of entropy flux and entropy production

Based on the Fokker-Planck and the entropy balance equations we have studied the relaxation of a dissipative dynamical system driven by external Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise processes in absence and presence of nonequilibrium constraint in terms of the thermodynamically inspired quantities like entropy flux and entropy production. The interplay of nonequilibrium constraint, dissipation and noise reveals some interesting extremal nature in the time dependence of entropy flux and entropy production.Comment: RevTex, 17 pages, 9 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev.

Industry 4.0 adoption and 10R advance manufacturing capabilities for sustainable development

Abstract: Industry 4.0 technologies provide digital solutions for the automation of manufacturing. In circular economy-based models, the resources stay in the system as it experiences one of the 10R (Refuse, Rethink, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Refurbish, Remanufacture, Repurpose, Recycle, and Recover) processes. These 10R processes require the development of advanced manufacturing capabilities; however, 10R processes suffer from various challenges and can be effectively overcome through Industry 4.0 technological applications. Although literature has indicated the use of various Industry 4.0 technologies, little information is available about firms’ views on the degree of Industry 4.0 application in the 10R based advanced manufacturing area and its ability to achieve sustainable development. The current study aspires to examine how great an effect Industry 4.0 adoption has on 10R advanced manufacturing capabilities and its outcome on sustainable development under the moderating effect of an Industry 4.0 delivery system. Practice-based view and Dynamic capability view theories are used to conceptualise the theoretical model. The research team statistically validated the theoretical model considering 124 data points that were collected using an online survey with a structured questionnaire. The findings point out that the path degree of Industry 4.0 adoption and 10R advanced manufacturing capabilities are statistically significant. 10R advanced manufacturing capability is found to have a positive influence on sustainable development outcomes. The Industry 4.0 delivery system has a moderating effect on the path degree of I4.0 implementation and 10R advanced manufacturing capabilities. This paper explores an emerging phenomenon and establishes new links which serve to enrich and advance literature in this area

Role of artificial intelligence in operations environment : a review and bibliometric analysis

Abstract: Purpose - ‘Technological Intelligence’ is the capacity to appreciate and adapt technological advancements, and ‘Artificial Intelligence’ is the key to achieve persuasive operational transformations in majority of contemporary organizational set-ups. Implicitly, artificial intelligence (the philosophies of machines to think, behave, and perform either same or similar to humans) has knocked the doors of business organizations as an imperative activity. Artificial intelligence, as a discipline, initiated by scientist John McCarthy and formally publicized at Dartmouth Conference in 1956, now occupies a central stage for many organizations. Implementation of artificial intelligence provides competitive edge to an organization with a definite augmentation in its societal and corporate status. Mere application of a concept will not furnish real output until and unless its performance is reviewed systematically. Technological changes are dynamic and advancing at a rapid rate. Subsequently, it becomes highly crucial to understand that where have we reached with respect to artificial intelligence research. Present article aims to review significant work by eminent researchers towards artificial intelligence in the form of top contributing universities, authors, keywords, funding sources, journals, and citation statistics..

Effect of Flame Treatment and Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiations on phenolic content in in vitro cultures of Ipomoea batatas

In vitro grown callus cultures of Ipomoea batatas were exposed to flame treatment and electromagnetic radiations generated by mobile phone. The cultured tissues responded to the treatments as evidenced by the significant reduction of phenolic contents compared to controls. Even though the growth of the tissues was normal, there was a change in the phenolic content of the tissues. There exhibited not much significant variation among the treatments regarding the growth rate. The morphology and texture of the callus also remained the same. It has been concluded that like animal cells, plant cells also respond to non-ionizing radiations like electromagnetic radiation emitted by mobile phones