EP-1279: Non coplanar positioning evaluation on stereotactic cranial treatments with a TrueBeam On Board Imaging.

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Are open building principles relevant in the South African housing sector? CSIR investigations and analysis of housing case studies for sustainable building transformation

The CSIR Housing Research Group in collaboration with a number of partners has been investigating the concepts of sustainable building transformation in the South African housing sector. These studies have relied heavily on a number of theories, including Habraken\u92s Supports, Open Building levels as well as concepts of material/component re-use. All of these theories provide approaches with regards to the way in which materials, building components and the buildings themselves are re-used or salvaged, based on life cycle analysis. There are numerous terms used to describe this approach to the design of the built environment and these are sometimes confusingly interchanged. Thus, this paper presents descriptions of concepts and working definitions and then proceeds to carry this investigation further by analysing housing case studies with regards to sustainable building transformation. In this process it is attempted to assess if the approaches are relevant and applicable in the South African context. While it is acknowledged that these approaches to design and delivery need to be considered for the whole housing market, there is a pressing challenge to government to deliver low-cost and affordable housing. We also saw an assessment tool for existing buildings as an important way to try and influence thinking, design and planned delivery approaches at the conceptual stages, before future projects proceed in the typical manner which we perceive to be unsustainable. The capacity for sustainable building transformation will be rationally assessed by studying the internal planning, construction methods and material selection of the selected projects. The paper presents a tool for assessment and comparison, studies the possible changes in the existing projects and also makes some basic recommendations for new projects

État des lieux de la radiothérapie adaptative en 2019 : de la mise en place à l’utilisation clinique

National audienceIntensity modulated radiotherapy combined with image guided radiotherapy has led to increase the precision of external beam radiotherapy. However, intra or inter-fraction anatomical variations are frequent during the treatment course and can cause under-dosing of the target volume and/or over-dosing of the organs at risk. Several adaptive radiotherapy (ART) strategies can be defined to compensate these anatomical variations. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of available ART strategies: offline, online, hybrid (library of treatment plans) or in real-time, while considering the arrival of MR-Linac devices in radiotherapy departments. The tools required to these ART strategies such as auto-segmentation, deformable image registration, calculation of the daily dose or dose accumulation, are also described. Implementing an ART strategy requires a rigorous quality assurance process, at each stage and on the entire workflow, as well as prior organization and training from of all the trades. A strong multidisciplinary involvement is finally required in order to ensure ART treatments

Mesoscale cyclogenesis over the western north Pacific Ocean during TPARC

Three cases of mesoscale marine cyclogenesis over the subtropics of the Western Pacific Ocean are investigated. Each case occurred during the THORPEX Pacific Asia Regional Campaign and Tropical Cyclone Structure (TCS-08) field phases in 2008. Each cyclone developed from remnants of disturbances that earlier showed potential for tropical cyclogenesis within the tropics. Two of the cyclones produced gale-force surface winds, and one, designated as a tropical cyclone, resulted in a significant coastal storm over eastern Japan. Development was initiated by a burst of organized mesoscale convection that consolidated and intensified the surface cyclonic circulation over a period of 12–24 h. Upper-tropospheric potential vorticity anomalies modulated the vertical wind shear that, in turn, influenced the periods of cyclone intensification and weakening. Weak baroclinicity associated with vertical shear was also deemed important in organizing mesoscale ascent and the convection outbreaks. The remnant tropical disturbances contributed exceptional water vapour content to higher latitudes that led to strong diabatic heating, and the tropical remnants contributed vorticity that was the seed of the development in the subtropics. Predictability of these events more than three days in advance appears to be minimal