10,291 research outputs found
Demographic shocks: the view from history
The paper will basically deal with four issues. The first one puts current changes or shifts into a historical comparative perspective. The second deals with "traditional" shocks or violent disturbances of the system and their consequences. The third discusses the "seismic" changes experienced in the past, attempts their measurement, and exemplifies their effects on population and society. The fourth deals with the relevance that past experience has for current changes.Demography ; Economic conditions
Computing Probabilistic Bisimilarity Distances for Probabilistic Automata
The probabilistic bisimilarity distance of Deng et al. has been proposed as a
robust quantitative generalization of Segala and Lynch's probabilistic
bisimilarity for probabilistic automata. In this paper, we present a
characterization of the bisimilarity distance as the solution of a simple
stochastic game. The characterization gives us an algorithm to compute the
distances by applying Condon's simple policy iteration on these games. The
correctness of Condon's approach, however, relies on the assumption that the
games are stopping. Our games may be non-stopping in general, yet we are able
to prove termination for this extended class of games. Already other algorithms
have been proposed in the literature to compute these distances, with
complexity in and \textbf{PPAD}. Despite the
theoretical relevance, these algorithms are inefficient in practice. To the
best of our knowledge, our algorithm is the first practical solution.
The characterization of the probabilistic bisimilarity distance mentioned
above crucially uses a dual presentation of the Hausdorff distance due to
M\'emoli. As an additional contribution, in this paper we show that M\'emoli's
result can be used also to prove that the bisimilarity distance bounds the
difference in the maximal (or minimal) probability of two states to satisfying
arbitrary -regular properties, expressed, eg., as LTL formulas
Two Fundamental Concepts in Skeletal Parallel Programming
We define the concepts of nesting mode and interaction mode as they arise in the description of skeletal parallel programming systems. We sugegs
Understanding Game Theory via Wireless Power Control
In this lecture note, we introduce the basic concepts of game theory (GT), a
branch of mathematics traditionally studied and applied in the areas of
economics, political science, and biology, which has emerged in the last
fifteen years as an effective framework for communications, networking, and
signal processing (SP). The real catalyzer has been the blooming of all issues
related to distributed networks, in which the nodes can be modeled as players
in a game competing for system resources. Some relevant notions of GT are
introduced by elaborating on a simple application in the context of wireless
communications, notably the power control in an interference channel (IC) with
two transmitters and two receivers.Comment: Accepted for publication as lecture note in IEEE Signal Processing
Magazine, 13 pages, 4 figures. The results can be reproduced using the
following Matlab code: https://github.com/lucasanguinetti/ ln-game-theor
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